Table of Contents
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xiii
Contributors xiv
1 Real Estate Development, Urban Design and the Tools Approach to Public Policy 1Steve Tiesdell and David Adams
Introduction 1
Real estate development 3
Opportunity space theory 7
The tools approach to public policy 11
Shaping instruments 15
Regulatory instruments 19
Stimulus instruments 24
Capacity-building instruments 25
Developers’ decision environments 29
2 Masterplanning and Infrastructure in New Communities in Europe 34Nicholas Falk
Introduction 34
Differences between the UK and Europe 37
Challenges for sustainable development 38
European success stories 43
Joined-up planning in the Randstad 48
Conclusion: lessons for the UK 51
3 Design Coding: Mediating the Tyrannies of Practice 54Matthew Carmona
Introduction 54
The three tyrannies 55
From development standards to design codes 60
The research findings 64
Conclusion 71
4 Proactive Engagement in Urban Design – The Case of Chelmsford 74Tony Hall
Introduction 74
Making the turnaround 75
The need for negotiation 79
Two examples 79
Reflections on the developers’ response 85
Conclusion 90
5 Plot Logic: Character-Building Through Creative Parcelisation 92Tim Love and Christina Crawford
Introduction 92
Setting the rules 93
Parcelling and subdivision strategies 94
The primacy of the urban realm 96
The pitfalls of flexibility 98
Economic viability of low-scale, densely distributed buildings 101
Alternative models 102
Conclusion 112
6 The Business of Codes: Urban Design Regulation in an Entrepreneurial Society 114Nicholas J. Marantz and Eran Ben-Joseph
Introduction 114
Zoning America 115
Developing America 121
Designing the American future 128
Conclusion 134
7 Good Design in the Redevelopment of Brownfield Sites 137Paul Syms and Andrew Clarke
Introduction 137
Redeveloping and reusing brownfield sites: the policy and regulatory context 139
Stimulus instruments in practice 143
Conclusion 157
8 Competitions as a Component of Design-Led Development (Place) Procurement 159Steven Tolson
Introduction 159
The place promoter 161
The deliverer and competition participant 162
The (end) place matters most 167
The competition 167
Conclusion 180
9 Design Review – An Effective Means of Raising Design Quality? 182John Punter
Introduction 182
Origins, emergence and critiques of design review internationally 183
The typology of design review in England, Scotland and Wales 185
National design review: the genesis of CABE’s procedures and processes 186
How design review can increase the opportunity space for design 190
The effectiveness of design review 193
Conclusions: design review and the quality of development control 196
10 ‘Business as Usual?’ – Exploring the Design Response of UK Speculative Housebuilders to the BrownfieldDevelopment Challenge 199David Adams and Sarah Payne
Introduction 199
The design debate around speculative housing development 201
The conventional approach to design and construction in speculative housebuilding 206
Responding to the challenge of brownfield development 210
Conclusion 215
11 Physical-Financial Modelling as an Aid to Developers’ Decision-Making 219John Henneberry, Eckart Lange, Sarah Moore, Ed Morgan and Ning Zhao
Introduction 219
Design quality and development viability 219
Visualisation and financial appraisal 225
Conclusion 233
12 Design Champions – Fostering a Place-Making Culture and Capacity 236Steve Tiesdell
Introduction 236
The UK local government context 238
The design champion as change agent 239
Edinburgh’s design champion initiative 244
Conclusion 252
13 Value Creation Through Urban Design 258Gary Hack and Lynne B. Sagalyn
Introduction 258
Design and development projects 260
Strategies for enhancing value 270
Coupling urban design and development 278
14 Connecting Urban Design to Real Estate Development 282Steve Tiesdell and David Adams
Introduction 282
Urban design and development economics 283
Opportunity space and developer–designer relations 286
Policy choices and policy design 291
Towards a research agenda 297
References 299
Index 316
