Table of Contents
Series Editor's Preface xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
Chronology xvii
1 The World of the Parish 1
Living in early modern Britain 1
A lost world 1
Plague and its aftermath 3
Diversions and hopes 6
The Church as an institution 7
The structure 8
The clergy 9
Beyond the parish 12
Parish Christianity 13
Inside the parish church 13
The Mass and its meaning 16
The living and the dead 19
Satisfaction and dissent 22
Heresy 22
'Anticlericalism' 26
2 Politics and Religion in Two Kingdoms, 1485-1513 30
Governing Britain 30
Kingship, lordship and elective monarchy 30
Structures of government 34
Church and state 40
The usurper's tale: Henry VII and the restoration of stability 44
Challenge and survival: the pretenders 44
Money and control 47
Kingship and legitimacy 50
'The lord of the world': James IV's Scotland and the theatre of kingship 55
3 The Renaissance 62
Out of Italy 62
The weight of history in the Middle Ages 62
The Italian Renaissance and what came of it 64
The Renaissance in Britain 67
Scotland 68
England 72
Renaissance and Reformation 75
Books and printing 77
4 Renaissance to Reformation 83
Henry VIII and the glamour of kingship, 1509-27 83
The performer king 83
The cardinal's king 87
The Lutheran heresy 90
A problem of theology 90
The arrival of heresy in England 95
Scotland: religion and politics under James V, 1513-42 102
5 Supreme Head: Henry VIII's Reformation, 1527-47 110
The break with Rome 110
Conscience and dispensation: two trials, 1527-29 112
A new approach: 1529-32 116
From Divorce to Reformation 120
The Henrician Reformation 129
Books andarticles: the doctrinal Reformation 130
King Hezekiah: the Henrician Reformation in practice 132
Reactions and responses 138
Religious conservatives: active resistance, passive resistance 139
Evangelicals: from loyalty to frustration 141
The wider population: confusion and conformity 142
6 The English Revolution: Edward VI, 1547-53 147
Carnival: Protector Somerset's Reformation 147
From Henry VIII to Protector Somerset 147
The gospellers unleashed, 1547-49 150
Official Reformation: the first phase 155
1549-50: the hinge of the Edwardian regime 157
The end of Seymour's Protectorate 157
Religious opposition and its failure 161
Lent: the Duke of Northumberland's Reformation 167
Consolidation and division: the official Reformation 167
The future of the Edwardian Reformation 170
Elective monarchy revisited: the Jane Grey debacle 173
7 Two Restorations: Mary and Elizabeth, 1553-60 177
Mary 177
Religion, marriage and their consequences 178
Rebuilding the Church 183
The Protestant problem 187
The end of the regime and the transfer of power 192
Elizabeth 195
The path to the 'Settlement' 195
Implementing the Reformation 201
8 Reformation on the Battlefield: Scotland, 1542-73 205
Regency, 1542-58 205
The crisis of 1543 205
The 'Rough Wooing' 208
French Scotland, 1550-59 212
The Scottish Revolution, 1558-61 215
An unexpected war 215
An unexpected peace 218
A tragedy of errors: Mary and the Scots, 1561-73 221
Playing the queen, 1561-67 221
King's men and queen's men, 1567-73 227
9 Gaping Gulfs: Elizabethan England and the Politics of Fear 231
Marriage and the succession: the long crisis 232
From elective monarchy to monarchical republic 232
The marriage problem 233
'By halves and by petty invasions': war and rumours of war 238
Catholicism, 'popery' and the enemy within 245
10 Reforming the World of the Parish 255
Protestant Scotland: from kirk session to presbytery 255
A disciplined Church 255
Bishops and presbyteries 260
Puritans and conformists in England 265
The long struggle against the Settlement 265
The resurgence of conformity 272
Building Puritanism in the parishes 275
Popular religion in Elizabethan England: a group portrait 283
11 Reformation and Empire 290
Securing peripheries, 1485-1560 290
The end of independent lordships: Ireland and Wales, 1485-1534 290
The Henrician settlements 293
Reformation in the uplands 297
The Celtic Reformations 1560-1603: success and failure 302
Wales and the Scottish Highlands: the path to Protestantism 302
Ireland in the balance 305
Ireland, England and Essex: the crisis of the 1590s 309
Epilogue: Electing a Monarch, 1603 314
Select Bibliography 317
Index 326