Clinical Mental Health Counseling in Community and Agency Settings / Edition 5

by Samuel Gladding, Debbie Newsome

Overview

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For courses in Community/Agency Counseling.

A strong foundation for building counseling skills that addresses the latest CACREP standards.

Rapid changes in our world compel changes in the way mental health counselors must practice. Focusing on approaches that promote prevention, early intervention, wellness, and advocacy, Clinical Mental Health Counseling in Community and Agency Settings gives today’s counseling students a user-friendly yet scholarly approach to all aspects of their future profession.

The Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) now recognizes only Clinical Mental Health Counseling (CMHC) programs that have met the accreditation standards; therefore, the authors now focus exclusively on clinical mental health counseling to give students a strong base in this specialty area. Gladding and Newsome examine the history and professional foundations of counseling, legal and ethical issues, counseling with diverse populations, multiple roles and functions of clinical mental health counselors, and the many settings in which clinical mental health counselors practice.

Information presented in the chapters is supplemented with narratives supplied by mental health professionals employed across counseling settings, who share their views of the rewards and challenges associated with the services they provide. In addition, case studies in each chapter provide opportunities for students to grapple with challenging issues faced by clinical mental health counselors.

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Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780134385556
Publisher:	Pearson Education
Publication date:	03/20/2017
Pages:	480
Product dimensions:	7.30(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

Samuel T. Gladding is a professor in the Department of Counseling at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. He is a fellow in the American Counseling Association and its former president (2004—2005). He has also served as president of the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES), the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW), the American Association of State Counseling Boards, and Chi Sigma Iota. He is the former editor of the Journal for Specialists in Group Work, a past member of the American Counseling Association Foundation, and a past member of the North Carolina Board of Licensed Professional Counselors.

Dr. Gladding has authored numerous professional publications, including 45 books. In 1999, he was cited as being in the top 1% of contributors to the flagship periodical of the American Counseling Association: the Journal of Counseling and Development. A National Certified Counselor (NCC), a Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor (CCMHC), and a Licensed Professional Counselor (North Carolina), Dr. Gladding’s specialty in counseling is creativity. He is married to Claire Tillson Gladding and is the father of three adult sons. In his spare time, he enjoys swimming, writing poetry, listening to music, and reading humor and history.

Deborah W. Newsome is an associate professor in the Department of Counseling at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where she serves as the clinical mental health program director. She served on the Executive Board of the Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education (AACE) for 6 years and is a member of several divisions of the American Counseling Association (ACA). She is a National Certified Counselor (NCC), a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), and a Licensed North Carolina School Counselor. She teaches courses in clinical mental health counseling, counseling skill development, assessment, and career development and counseling. She also supervises graduate students’ clinical experiences and volunteers at a local nonprofit counseling center.

Dr. Newsome has coauthored three books and over 25 book chapters and journal articles. In 2005, she received Wake Forest University’s Graduate Student Association Faculty Excellence Award. She and her husband, David Newsome, are the parents of two young adults–David, Jr., and Jennifer. Debbie is an avid runner and swimmer and enjoys playing the flute for various community organizations.

Table of Contents

BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. HISTORICAL AND PROFESSIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING

1. History of and Professional Identity in Clinical Mental Health Counseling

2. Ethical and Legal Aspects of Counseling

3. Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Diverse Society

PART II. ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELORS

4. The Counseling Process

5. Client Assessment and Diagnosis

6. Holistic Approaches to Clinical Mental Health Counseling

7. Consultation, Advocacy, and Evaluation

8. Dealing with Crises, Disasters, and Suicide, while Managing Stress, and Avoiding Burnout

III. WORKING WITH SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

9. Working with Groups

10. Couples and Family Counseling

11. Counseling Children and Adolescents

12. Counseling Adults

IV. CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING: SETTINGS AND SERVICES

13. College and Career Counseling

14. Community Agencies, Medical Settings, and Other Specialized Clinical Settings

15. Employee Assistance Programs, Private Practice, Coaching and Managed Care

Epilogue

Appendix - ACA Code of Ethics (2014)

References

Name Index

Subject Index

DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1:Historical and Professional Foundations of Clinical Mental Health Counseling

Chapter 1.History of and Professional Identity in Clinical Mental Health Counseling

Historical Roots of Clinical Mental Health Counseling

A Chronological Overview of Professional Counseling

Before 1900

1900—1909

1910s

1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000—2009

2010-2016

Professional Identity

Defining Therapeutic Professionals

Nonprofessionals

General Human Services Workers

Professional Helpers

Defining Counseling

Legal Recognition of Counseling as a Profession

Professional Identification through Credentialing

Inspection

Registration,

Certification

Licensure

Identifying and Defining Therapeutic Professionals

Social Work

Psychiatry

Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses

Psychologists

Clinical Mental Health Counseling

Clinical Mental Health Practice Settings and Services

Direct client services,

Indirect client services,

Direct community services

Indirect community services

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 2.Ethical and Legal Aspects of Counseling

Definitions: Ethics, Morality, and Law

Ethics and Counseling

Purpose of Ethical Codes

The ACA Code of Ethics

Overview of Changes Made to the 2014 ACA Code of Ethics

NBCC Code of Ethics

Limitations of Ethical Codes

Making Ethical Decisions

Other Guidelines for Acting Ethically

Unethical Behavior

The Law and Counseling

Criminal, Civil, and Administrative Law

Malpractice

Other Reasons for Court Appearances

Common Ethical and Legal Concerns

Privacy, Confidentiality, and Privileged Communication

Informed Consent

Professional Boundaries and Roles with Clients

Professional Competence

End-of-Life Decisions

The Use of Technology

Using Technology-Assisted Counseling Responsibly

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 3.Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Diverse Society

Culture and Ethnicity

Defining Culture and Multicultural Counseling

Challenges and Issues in Multicultural Counseling

Developing Multicultural Counseling Competencies

Becoming Ethnically Responsive Counselors: Integrating Awareness, Knowledge, and Skills

Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

Definitions and Terminology

Homophobia and Heterosexism

Sexual Identity Development and Coming Out

Other Counseling Issues and Implications

Working with Transgender Clients

Differing Abilities

Definitions and Terminology

Factors Associated with Increased Rates of Disability

Attitudes and Myths about Disabilities

Federal Regulation Related to Disability

Counseling Goals and Interventions

Training, Roles, and Functions of Rehabilitation Counselors

Counseling Issues and Implications

Socioeconomic Status and Social Class

Definitions and Terminology

SES as a Risk Factor

Poverty and Social Class Fluidity

Counseling Implications

Summary and Conclusion

PART 2:Roles and Functions of Clinical Mental Health Counselors

Chapter 4.The Counseling Process

The Physical Setting of Counseling

Aesthetic Qualities and Room Design

Initial Sessions: Building a Counseling Relationship

Seriousness of the Presenting Problem

Structure

Initiative

Initial Counseling Interviews

Relationship Building during Initial Sessions

Case Conceptualization

Client Records

The Working Phase of Counseling

Treatment Plans

Interventions, Skills, and Techniques

Case Notes

Documenting Work with High-Risk Clients

Closing Counseling Relationships

Why Closing Is Important

Timing of Closing

Facilitating Closing

Documenting Closing

Following Up

Referring and Recycling

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 5.Client Assessment and Diagnosis

Assessment in Counseling

Assessment Defined

Methods of Assessment

Purposes of Assessment

Principles of Sound Assessment

Issues Related to Assessment

Diagnosis

Using the DSM-5 in Counseling

Overview of Mental Disorders and Conditions

Diagnosis and Treatment

Biopsychosocial Assessment and Diagnosis

Biopsychosocial Assessment and Reporting

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 6.Holistic Approaches to Clinical Mental Health Counseling

The Biopsychosocial Model

Biological Components

Psychological Components

Social Components

Assessment and Treatment Planning

Spirituality

Terminology

Benefits Associated with Spirituality

Spirituality and the Counseling Process

Mindfulness

Wellness

Wellness Models: The Wheel of Wellness and the Indivisible Self

Ways to Use the Indivisible Self Model in Counseling

Prevention

Definition of Prevention

Rationale for Prevention

Prevention Models

Stress Management

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 7.Consultation, Advocacy, and Evaluation

Mental Health Consultation

What Is Mental Health Consultation?

Caplan’s Four Types of Mental Health Consultation

Key Characteristics of Successful Consultants

Advocacy

What Is Advocacy?

Empowerment

Social Action

ACA Advocacy Competencies

Advocacy Skills and Attributes

Challenges of Advocacy

Advocacy for the Profession

Client Outcome Evaluation

Definition and Purpose of Client Outcome Evaluation

Multifaceted Approaches to Client Outcome Evaluation

Challenges and Benefits of Client Outcome Evaluation

Program Evaluation

Purposes of Program Evaluation

Steps in Evaluation

Process and Program Outcome Evaluation

Quality Assurance

Issues and Challenges of Program Evaluation

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 8.Crises and Disasters, Managing Suicide Risk, Stress, and Burnout

Crisis and Disaster Response

Definition of Crisis

Definition of Crisis Intervention

Crisis Assessment

Six-Step Model of Crisis Intervention

Disaster Mental Health Training

Compassion Fatigue, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Vicarious Traumatization

Suicide Assessment and Intervention

Data Related to Suicide Prevalence

Talking with Clients about Suicide

Suicide Assessment

Identifying Risk and Protective Factors

Immediate Interventions

Responding to Risk Assessment

Maintaining Effectiveness as a Counselor: Managing Stress and Avoiding Burnout

Stress and Burnout in Counseling

Establishing Limits

Modeling Self-Care

Cultivating Self-Awareness

Maintaining a Sense of Humor

Summary and Conclusion

PART 3:Working with Specific Populations

Chapter 9.Working with Groups

The Place of Groups in Counseling

Types of Groups

Psychoeducational Groups

Counseling Groups

Psychotherapy Groups

Task/Work Groups

Mixed Groups

Realities and Misperceptions about Groups

Uses, Advantages, and Limitations of Groups

Uses of Groups

Advantages of Groups

Limitations of Groups

Theoretical Approaches in Conducting Groups

Stages in Groups

Issues in Groups

Selection and Preparation of Group Members

Group Size and Duration

Open versus Closed Groups

Confidentiality

Physical Structure

Coleaders

Self-Disclosure

Feedback

Follow-Up

Qualities of Effective Group Leaders

Group Organizations

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 10.Couples and Family Counseling

What Is a Family?

Family Life and the Family Life Cycle

Different Types of Families and Their Issues

Minority Ethnic Families

Dual-Career Families

Single-Parent Families

Childless Families

Remarried Families

Gay and Lesbian Families

Aging Families

Multigenerational Families

Military Families

Family Life Stressors

Expected Life Stressors

Unexpected Life Stressors

Couples Counseling

Psychoanalytic Theory

Social-Learning Theory

Bowen Family Systems Theory

Structural—Strategic Theory

Rational Emotive Behavior Theory

Emotionally Focused Therapy

Family Counseling

Psychodynamic Family Counseling

Experiential Family Counseling

Behavioral Family Counseling

Structural Family Counseling

Strategic Family Counseling

Brief Solution-Focused Family Counseling

Narrative Family Therapy

Couple and Family Enrichment

Research and Associations

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 11. Counseling Children and Adolescents

Developmental Considerations

Early Childhood

Middle Childhood

Adolescence

Bioecological Considerations

Psychological, Biological, and Genetic Influences

Contextual Influences

Counseling Considerations

Building a Counseling Relationship

Assessment and Evaluation

Designing and Implementing a Treatment Plan

Creative Interventions

Concerns Affecting Children and Adolescents

Depression

Eating Disorders

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Specific Issues of Concern

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 12. Counseling Adults

The Transition Framework

Emerging Adulthood

Counseling Implications for Emerging Adults

Early Adulthood

Developmental Issues

Early Adult Lifestyles

Counseling Implications for Young Adults

Middle Adulthood

Physical Changes

Psychosocial Issues

Midlife Relationships

Counseling Implications

Later Adulthood

Developmental Issues

Activities in Late Adulthood

Relationships

Response to Adversity

Ageism

What Is Ageism?

How Is Ageism Expressed?

Gender-Aware Counseling

Counseling Women

Counseling Men

Summary and Conclusion

PART 4:Clinical Mental Health Counseling: Settings and Services

Chapter 13.College and Career Counseling

Counseling in College and University Settings

History of College Counseling

Campus Counseling Centers and Areas of Clinical Focus

Prevalent Mental Health Issues among College Students

Severe Mental Illness and Suicide

Crisis Management on College Campuses

Other Issues of Concern

Career Counseling

The Need for Career Development Services

Career Development Process

Career Counseling and Related Terminology

Career Development Theories

Career Counseling Process and Skills

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 14.Community Agencies, Medical Settings, and Other Specialized Clinical Settings

Community Mental Health Centers and Agencies

Evolution of Community Mental Health Centers

Service Delivery

Direct and Indirect Services

Professional Affiliation and Certification

Hospitals and Other Healthcare Settings

Inpatient Medical Settings

Other Behavioral Health/Psychiatric Services

Cancer Patient Support Services

Memory Assessment Counseling Services

Other Hospital-Based Counseling Services

Other Specialized Clinical Settings

Hospice and Palliative Care

Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

Child and Family Service Agencies

Other Clinical Services

Summary and Conclusion

Chapter 15.Employee Assistance Programs, Private Practice, Coaching, and Managed Care

Employee Assistance Programs

Becoming an EAP Counselor

Serving as an EAP Counselor

Private Practice Counseling

Private Practice Work Settings

Services Offered by Private Practitioners

Pragmatic Considerations

Tips for Building a Successful Private Practice

Coaching

What Is Coaching?

Clinical Mental Health Counseling and Coaching

Different Types of Coaching

Regulation of Coaching

Managed Care

The Development of Managed Care Systems

What Is Managed Care?

Implications for Counselors

Advantages and Disadvantages of Managed Care

Ethical Considerations

Recommendations for Counselors

Summary and Conclusion

Epilogue

Appendix: ACA Code of Ethics (2014)

References

Name Index

Subject Index