Zambia's Foreign Policy: Studies In Diplomacy And Dependence

by Douglas G Anglin

Overview

This volume examines Zambia's role in the search for African independence, unity and development, particularly in the context of southern Africa. It also analyses the problems of dependence and underdevelopment and their impact on foreign policymaking. By concentrating on the key issues and major crises that confronted Zambia's decision makers during the nation's first years, the authors explain the country's current preoccupations and future prospects. Although their primary focus is on Zambia, they also treat a range of substantive and theoretical issues.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780367216627
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Publication date:	06/30/2022
Pages:	478
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)

About the Author

Douglas G. Anglin professor of political science at Carleton University. Timothy M. Shaw is associate professor of political science and director, Centre for African Studies, Dalhousie University.

Table of Contents

Tables and Figures xiii

Preface xvii

Abbreviations xxi

Maps xxii

Part I The Foreign Policy of Zambia: Ideology and Institutions 1

1 Introduction: Zambia and World Politics 3

Historical Legacy 5

National Unity 11

Southern African Liberation 16

Confrontation 16

Negotiation 18

Accommodation 19

Global Interdependence 23

Pan-Africanism 24

Nonalignment 25

Development 29

Conclusion 31

Notes 32

2 The Ideology of Zambian Foreign Policy 39

The "National Interest" of Zambia: Humanism, Nonalignment and Pan-Africanism 40

Humanism as a Response to Racism: Zambia and the Liberation of Southern Africa 41

Nonalignment and the Demand for a New World Order 46

Pan-Africanism: from Continental Conflict to Regional Integration 47

Continuities and Discontinuities in the Foreign Policy Ideology of Zambia 50

From Nonviolence to Support of the Liberation Movement in Southern Africa 50

From Nonsocialism to Zambian Socialism and Humanism 51

Dependence: Neocolonialism and Underdevelopment 55

Alternative Values in the Zambian Elite: The Debate over Humanism 57

The Parastatal Strategy. Towards State Capitalism or Socialism? 59

Humanism in Zambia: Nationalism and/or Socialism? 62

Notes 65

3 The Foreign Policy System of Zambia 72

Actors in the Zambian Foreign Policy System 72

The Making of Foreign Policy in Zambia 77

Zambia, Tanzania and Southern Africa: Humanism as Party Policy 91

The Role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Zambia 94

Conclusion 107

Notes 108

Part II Zambia and Southern Africa: Confrontation and Contact 111

4 The Anglo-Zambian Dispute Over the Use of Force in Rhodesia, 1964-1969 113

British Force 114

Pre-UDI Deterrence 114

Post-UDI Compellance 119

International Force 127

An African Army 127

UN Enforcement Action 133

British Military Presence 136

Show of Force 137

British Forces in Zambia 138

Contingency Force 143

Commonwealth Kariba Force 145

Feasibility of Force 146

Military Constraints 146

Economic and Political Constraints 150

Conclusions 152

Notes 154

5 Disengagement and Integration, 1964-1974 a Transaction Analysis 169

Disengagement and Integration 173

Intergovernmental Transactions 176

Common Services 176

Political Transactions 185

Economic Transactions 190

Trade 190

Energy 198

Communications 201

Transit Traffic 201

Border Traffic 205

Air Communications 206

Information 208

People 209

African Migration 211

European Migration 215

Conclusions 218

Governmental Level 219

Societal Level 222

Notes 224

6 Zambia and Southern African Liberation Movements 1964-1974 234

Liberation Support 236

Recognition 240

Administrative and Financial Assistance 241

Radio Propaganda 242

Operational Facilities 243

Controls 245

Common Fronts 245

Interparty and Intraparty Conflict 253

Isolation 255

Operational Restrictions 258

Conclusions 262

Notes 264

7 Zambia and Southern African "Detente" 272

Diplomatic Subversion 276

Confidential Correspondence 279

Dialogue 286

"Détente" 290

Debate Over "Détente" 295

Assessment 300

Notes 302

8 Zambia and the Angolan Civil War 310

External Intervention 311

Zambian-MPLA Relations 314

Government of National Unity 318

Foreign Intervention 324

Support for UNITA 327

The South African Connection? 331

Regional Economic Dependence 335

Conclusions 336

Notes 339

Part III Zambia and the International System: Dependence and Interdependence 351

9 External Behavior: An Events Data Analysis 353

Zambian Events Data 354

The Foreign Policy of Zambia: Dependence or Interdependence 355

Charisma and Control: The Role of President Kaunda 357

Foreign Policy Making in Zambia: Coordination and Penetration 358

Nonalignment and Dependence: Zambia in World Politics 362

Zambia as a Central African Middle Power 366

Zambia as a New State: Multilateral Diplomacy 371

New States and Events Analysis 375

Notes 376

10 Zambia : Dependence and Underdevelopment 381

The Dominant Class and the Zambian State 381

Class Formation and International Dependence 384

The Growth of Inherited Inequalities 388

International Trade and Underdevelopment 392

Humanism and State Capitalism 394

Conclusion: State and Class in Zambia 398

Notes 399

11 Conclusion: Zambia as a Middle Power 409

Reorganizationalist Strategy and Regional Commitment 410

Implications of Development Strategy for External Relations 415

Alternative Foreign Policy Explanations 421

Notes 426

Bibliography 430

Index 443