Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables Acknowledgements
Chapter 1. An Introduction: Gendered Rentierism in the Arab World
1.1 Authoritarian Upgrading and State Feminism
1.2 Women’s Empowerment as Virtue Signaling
1.3 Connecting Economics to Politics
1.4 Gender Rentierism as an Analytical Tool
1.5 What to Expect from this Book
Chapter 2. State Feminism and Gender Rentierism
2.1 Upgrading Authoritarianism through Women
2.2 Women’s Movements Encounter State Feminism
2.3 Rentier-State Theory and Gender
2.4 Gender Rentierism Revisited
2.2.1 Oil, Investment, and Gender
2.2.2 Foreign Aid and Gender
2.2.3 Aid Conditionality to the Rescue?
2.2.4 Remittances and Gender
2.2.5 A Rent Curse?
Chapter 3. Foreign Aid and Virtue Signaling
3.1 Foreign Aid Promotes Gender Equality
3.2 Virtue Signaling and Women’s Representation
3.3 Foreign Aid and the Push to End Violence Against Women
Conclusion
Chapter 4. The Gender Paradox of Remittances
4.1 Surveying Remittances in the MENA
4.2 Migrant Values and Social Change
4.3 Promoting Old or New Gender Dynamics?
4.4 Does Migration Lead to Emancipation?
4.5 The Values of Remittances-Receiving Households
4.6 The Indirect Political Effect of Remittances
Conclusion
Chapter 5. Independents, Women’s Work, and Oil Rents
5.1 The Emergence of Women Independents
5.2 Gender Rentierism in Oil-Dependent vs. Oil-Abundant States
5.3 The Political Economy of Women’s Legislative Representation
5.3.1 The Bahraini Case
5.3.2 The Omani Case
5.3.3 The Jordanian Case
5.3.4 The Lebanese Case
5.3.5 The Egyptian Case
5.3.6 The Moroccan Case
Conclusion
Chapter 6. Gender Rentierism—a Curse or an Opportunity for Women?
Appendix
Index