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9780881321067
Who's Bashing Whom?: Trade Conflict in High Technology Industries / Edition 1 available in Paperback
Who's Bashing Whom?: Trade Conflict in High Technology Industries / Edition 1
by Laura D'Andrea Tyson
Laura D'Andrea Tyson
- ISBN-10:
- 0881321060
- ISBN-13:
- 9780881321067
- Pub. Date:
- 11/01/1992
- Publisher:
- Peterson Institute for International Economics
- ISBN-10:
- 0881321060
- ISBN-13:
- 9780881321067
- Pub. Date:
- 11/01/1992
- Publisher:
- Peterson Institute for International Economics
Who's Bashing Whom?: Trade Conflict in High Technology Industries / Edition 1
by Laura D'Andrea Tyson
Laura D'Andrea Tyson
Paperback
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Overview
This study seeks to resolve the "free trade vs. managed trade" debate. It provides innovative recommendations for US policy based on detailed and rigorous case studies of high-technology trade conflicts between the United States, Japan and Europe in aircraft, telecommunications, electronics and supercomputers.The study addresses three key issues: What trade policy should the United States adopt to support its high-technology industries? What domestic policy initiatives are necessary to realize this goal? Are new international rules needed to reduce trade conflicts over high-technology industries? Tyson, formerly Chair of the President's Council of Economic Advisers, develops a "cautious activist" policy agenda to promote US competitiveness in high-technology sectors and to strengthen international rules to encourage trade and reduce conflicts among nations.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9780881321067 |
---|---|
Publisher: | Peterson Institute for International Economics |
Publication date: | 11/01/1992 |
Edition description: | New Edition |
Pages: | 352 |
Product dimensions: | 6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d) |
Age Range: | 18 Years |
About the Author
Laura D'Andrea Tyson was a professor in economics and business administration, director of the Institute of International Studies, and Research Director of the Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy at the University of California, Berkeley.
Table of Contents
Preface | xiii | |
Acknowledgments | xvii | |
1 | America's High-Technology Trade Challenge: The Perspective of a Cautious Activist | 1 |
Introduction | 1 | |
Setting the Stage: The Nature of Trade Conflict in High-Technology Industries | 3 | |
High-Technology Trade Conflict with Japan and Europe | 5 | |
Should the United States Care? The Answer of a Cautious Activist | 9 | |
The Plan of the Book | 14 | |
2 | Trade and System Conflict in Technology-Intensive Industries | 17 |
Trends in High-Technology Competition Between the Developed Countries | 17 | |
The Roots of High-Technology Trade Conflict: Trade Barriers, Structural Impediments, and Structural Differences | 29 | |
Why High-Technology Industries Matter for US Economic Welfare | 32 | |
A Brief Concluding Comment | 45 | |
3 | From MOSS to Motorola and Cray: Managing Trade by Rules and Outcomes | 53 |
The Real Japan Problem | 53 | |
The MOSS Talks in Technology-Intensive Products: Trade Management Through Sectoral Rules | 58 | |
Motorola and Japan's Cellular Telephone Market: A Step Closer to Managed Trade | 66 | |
The Third-Party Radio Conflict: A Successful Managed Trade Resolution | 71 | |
Lessons from Motorola's Experiences in Gaining Access to the Japanese Market | 73 | |
Cray and the Japanese Supercomputer Market: Procurement, Infant-Industry Tractics, and Reciprocity | 76 | |
Concluding Remarks | 82 | |
4 | Managing Trade and Competition in the Semiconductor Industry | 85 |
Industry Economics and the Evolution of Comparative Advantage | 88 | |
From Manipulated to Managed Trade: The US-Japan Semiconductor Trade Agreement | 106 | |
The Effects of the Agreement on Trade and Pricing | 111 | |
The New Semiconductor Trade Agreement: The Story Continues | 130 | |
An Overall Assessment of the SCTA | 132 | |
Lessons for US Trade Policy from the Semiconductor Experience | 133 | |
5 | Industrial Policy and Trade Management in the Commercial Aircraft Industry | 155 |
Historical Decisions in a Strategic Industry | 155 | |
Economics of the Industry | 161 | |
History of the Industry | 176 | |
The Economic Analysis of Government Intervention in the Commercial Aircraft Industry: The Case of Airbus | 192 | |
Trade Friction in the Aircraft Industry | 195 | |
Challenges Facing the American Commercial Aircraft Industry | 210 | |
Conclusions | 214 | |
6 | Managing Trade and Investment: Europe's Evolving Strategy in the Electronics Industry | 217 |
Videocassette Recorders: From Managed Trade to Managing Investment | 220 | |
High-Definition Television: The Strategy to Create European Champions | 237 | |
Understanding Europe's Evolving Strategy Toward the Electronics Industry | 244 | |
Lessons for US Trade and Industrial Policy | 249 | |
7 | A Cautious Activist Agenda for U.S. Policy in High-Technology Industries | 253 |
Expanding Market Access | 255 | |
The Pros and Cons of Antidumping Remedies | 267 | |
Strategic Threats in High-Technology Industries | 274 | |
Subsidies, Foreign Targeting, and Countervailing Duties | 280 | |
The Need for Complementary Technology and Industrial Policies | 286 | |
Some Concluding Thoughts | 295 | |
Index | 311 | |
Tables | ||
1.1 | Cases of trade conflict in technology-intensive industries treated in this book | 15 |
2.1 | Alternative classification schemes for high-technology industries | 20 |
2.2 | High-technology exports as a share of total manufactures exports, selected countries, 1970-86 | 22 |
2.3 | Shares of world high-technology exports, selected countries, 1970-89 | 23 |
2.4 | Revealed comparative advantage in selected high-technology products, selected countries, 1970-89 | 24 |
2.5 | Shares of world trade in R&D-intensive electronics products, selected countries, 1970-89 | 25 |
2.6 | United States, Japan, and Europe: export shares in selected electronics products, 1980-88 | 26 |
2.7 | United States and Japan: trade in electronics products, by type of product, 1980-91 | 27 |
2.8 | United States: trade in high-technology products, 1980-88 | 28 |
2.9 | United States: high-technology exports and imports as a share of total value added, by industry, 1980-88 | 29 |
2.10 | United States: high-technology expenditures for R&D, by industry, selected years, 1979-89 | 33 |
2.11 | United States: production and value added in selected high-technology industries, 1989 | 34 |
2.12 | United States: employment in selected high-technology industries, 1989 | 35 |
2.13 | United States: scientists and engineers employed in selected high-technology industries, 1989 | 36 |
2.14 | United States: value added per worker in selected high-technology industries, 1989 | 37 |
2.15 | United States: compensation in selected high-technology industries, 1989 | 38 |
2A.1 | Assessments of US and Japanese comparative standings in selected technologies, Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1983 and 1988 | 46 |
2A.2 | Relative US position in critical defense technologies | 47 |
2A.3 | Position of the US computer industry in selected critical computer technologies, 1990 and projected 1995 | 48 |
2A.4 | Assessments of US standing in selected high technologies by the Council on Competitiveness | 49 |
3.1 | Relative performance of Japanese imports in industries addressed in the MOSS negotiations, 1985-88 | 62 |
4.1 | United States: trade in semiconductors, by product type, 1966-91 | 94 |
4.2 | Joint research and development projects in microelectronics sponsored by the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) | 96 |
4.3 | Japan: trade in semiconductors, 1967-90 | 104 |
4.4 | Average selling prices for 256-kilobyte and 1-megabyte DRAMs, 1984-92 | 115 |
4.5 | Average selling prices for 256-kilobyte and 1-megabyte EPROMs, 1984-89 | 122 |
4.6 | United States: semiconductor imports as a share of total semiconductor consumption, 1982-89 | 129 |
4.7 | Japan: semiconductor imports as a share of total semiconductor consumption, 1982-89 | 130 |
4.8 | Japan: semiconductor imports from the United States and semiconductor sales by US companies in Japan, 1984-89 | 131 |
4.9 | Shares of production of integrated circuits produced offshore, by home country of parent | 144 |
5.1 | Orders of narrow- and wide-body commercial aircraft, by company and model | 158 |
5.2 | Aircraft company revenues from military aircraft and related sales, 1989 | 160 |
5.3 | Costs to develop selected commercial aircraft | 163 |
5.4 | Public launch aid for Airbus Industrie, by country and aircraft model | 174 |
5.5 | Production of narrow-body commercial jet aircraft, by model, 1952-90 | 178 |
5.6 | Production of wide-body commercial jet aircraft, by model, 1969-90 | 180 |
5.7 | Geographical composition of world imports of aircraft, 1976-87 | 196 |
5.8 | Geographical composition of world exports of aircraft, 1976-87 | 197 |
5.9 | Geographical composition of world imports of aircraft engines, 1976-87 | 198 |
5.10 | Geographical composition of world exports of aircraft engines, 1976-87 | 199 |
6.1 | Trade balances in information technology and telecommunications, by region, 1986-89 | 218 |
6.2 | European Community: trade deficit in electronics, 1988 and 1989 | 219 |
6.3 | Costs of protection in videocassette recorders | 226 |
6.4 | Europe: trade deficit in videocassette recorders, 1980-88 | 227 |
6.5 | Japanese share of the European videocassette recorder market, 1986 | 229 |
6.6 | Market shares in videocassette recorders, by country, 1988 | 235 |
6.7 | Japan: exports of videocassette recorders, 1981-88 | 236 |
7.1 | From multilateral rules to bilaterally managed outcomes: an anatomy of the cases | 256 |
Figures | ||
3.1 | United States: trade surplus with Japan in selected commodities, 1987 and 1990 | 54 |
3.2 | United States: trade deficit with Japan in key machinery industries, 1987 and 1990 | 55 |
4.1 | United States, Japan, and Europe: shares of the worldwide semiconductor market, 1981-90 | 105 |
4.2 | United States, Japan, Europe, and Korea/Taiwan: shares of the worldwide DRAM market, 1978-91 | 106 |
4.3 | United States, Japan, and Europe: shares of the worldwide EPROM market, 1978-89 | 108 |
4.4 | Japan: shares of the semiconductor market held by non-Japanese companies, 1985-91 | 111 |
4.5 | Prices for 256-kilobyte and 1-megabyte DRAMs, by country of manufacturer, 1987-89 | 116 |
4.6 | Cost estimates and average selling prices for 1-megabyte DRAMs, 1987-91 | 118 |
4.7 | Cost estimates and average selling prices for 1-megabyte EPROMs, 1987-91 | 123 |
4.8 | Prices for 256-kilobyte EPROMs, by country of manufacturer, 1987-89 | 124 |
4.9 | Shares of the worldwide 1-megabyte EPROM market, by company, 1990 | 125 |
4.10 | Shares of the worldwide microprocessor market, by company, 1990 | 127 |
5.1 | Commonality of components among Airbus models | 164 |
Boxes | ||
5.1 | Excerpts from the GATT Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft | 200 |
5.2 | Provisions of the 1992 agreement between the United States and the European Community on trade in civil aircraft | 208 |
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