Unearthing Franco's Legacy: Mass Graves and the Recovery of Historical Memory in Spain

by Carlos Jerez-Farran, Samuel Amago

Overview

Unearthing Franco's Legacy: Mass Graves and the Recovery of Historical Memory in Spain addresses the political, cultural, and historical debate that has ensued in Spain as a result of the recent discovery and exhumation of mass graves dating from the years during and after the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). The victor, General Francisco Franco, ruled as a dictator for thirty-six years, during which time he and his supporters had thousands of political dissidents or suspects and their families systematically killed and buried in anonymous mass graves. Although Spaniards living near the burial sites realized what was happening, the conspiracy of silence imposed by the Franco regime continued for many years after his death in 1975 and after the establishment of a democratic government.

While the people of Germany, France, and Italy have confronted the legacies of the repressive regimes that came to power in those countries during the 1920s, '30s, and '40s, the unearthing of the anonymous dead in Spain has focused attention on how Spaniards have only recently begun to revisit their past and publicly confront Franco's legacy. The essays by historians, anthropologists, literary scholars, journalists, and cultural analysts gathered here represent the first interdisciplinary analysis of how present-day Spain has sought to come to terms with the violence of Franco's regime. Their contributions comprise an important example of how a culture critiques itself while mining its collective memory.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780268032685
Publisher:	University of Notre Dame Press
Publication date:	04/15/2010
Series:	Contemporary European Politics and Society
Edition description:	1st Edition
Pages:	408
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.70(d)

About the Author

Carlos Jerez- Farrán is professor of Spanish and Samuel Amago is associate professor of Spanish, both at the University of Notre Dame.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments xi

Introduction Carlos Jerez-Farrán Samuel Amago

Part I Franco's Mass Graves and the History of Forgetting

Violence and Silence: The Repressed History of the Franco Regime Soledad Fox 30

The Theorists of Extermination: The Origins of Violence in the Spanish Civil War Paul Preston 42

The Spanish Church and the Civil War: Between Persecution and Repression Hilari Raguer Suñer 68

The Faces of Terror: Violence during the Franco Dictatorship Julián Casanova 90

Grand Narratives, Collective Memory, and Social History: Public Uses of the Past in Postwar Spain Michael Richards 121

Part II Documentary Filmmaking and the Recovery of Historical Memory

"El documental es un arma cargada de pasado": Representation in Documentary and Testimony Anne E. Hardcastle 148

Investigative Journalism as a Tool for Recovering Historical Memory Montse Armengou Martín 156

Mass Graves on Spanish TV: A Tale of Two Documentaries Gina Herrmann 168

Testimonies of Repression: Methodological and Political Issues Jo Labanyi 192

Part III Speaking for the Dead: Literature and Memory

Toward a Pragmatic Version of Memory: What Could the Spanish Civil War Mean to Contemporary Spain? Antonio Gómez López-Quiñones 208

The Weight of Memory and the Lightness of Oblivion: The Dead of the Spanish Civil War Joan Ramon Resina 221

Speaking for the Dead: History, Narrative, and the Ghostly in Javier Cercas's War Novels Samuel Amago 243

Part IV Unearthing the Past: Anthropological Perspectives on Franco's Mass Graves

Memory Politics among Perpetrators and Bereaved Relatives about Spain's Mass Graves Antonius C. G. M. Robben 264

The Rupture of the World and the Conflicts of Memory Ignacio Fernández de Mata 279

The Intimacy of Defeat: Exhumations in Contemporary Spain Francisco Ferrándiz 304

The Grandsons of Their Grandfathers: An Afterword Giles Tremlett 327

Works Cited 345

About the Contributors 372

Index 375

Editorial Reviews

"For anyone interested in understanding the lasting impact of the Spanish Civil War on contemporary society, Unearthing Franco's Legacy is required reading. The editors of this book have brought together, and placed in constructive dialogue, a comprehensive group of international authors whose contributions result in a sweeping and devastating account of the war's deep wounds on individual lives and collective histories. Meticulously studying Franco's policies, their impact on the war's victims, and representations of the war's stories, both those unearthed and others that continue to be buried, this book makes terribly clear that the Spanish Civil War and its memory continue to teach us lessons about the responsibility of scholarship in deciphering the complexities of the past." —Jordana Mendelson, New York University

"Unearthing Franco's Legacy is a timely contribution to a subject that has provoked serious discussion both in Spain and abroad. The scholars and practitioners whose work is represented in this volume address the issue of historical memory from different disciplinary angles, and the interdisciplinarity of the approaches adds much to the book's value and to the debates that persist regarding this topic." —David T. Gies, Commonwealth Professor of Spanish, University of Virginia

“The contributors to this volume memorialize victims by looking at a number of phenomena that illustrate their faces and voices. . . . Each section begins with commentaries that engage in intelligent dialogue with the ensuing essays. . . . Unearthing Franco’s Legacy is a seminal reference for Spanish Memory Studies.” —The Volunteer

“The volume . . . deals primarily with some of the main features and achievements of the historical memory movement and with the theoretical and methodological problems that the movement raises. . . . The achievement of this volume is that it introduces English-language readers to the issue of historical memory in Spain.” —American Historical Review

“Unearthing Franco’s Legacy is a significant contribution to the field of transitional justice. Not only does it highlight how a country attempts to come to terms with a past in the face of oblivion and silence but it also brings to the fore questions related to peace agreements, how they affect individual victims and how they relate to broader issues of international law and crimes against humanity.” —The International Journal of Transitional Justice

“The illuminating, often riveting essays published shortly after the landmark legislation in Carlos Jerez-Farrán's and Samuel Amago’s important edited volume, similarly propose to navigate what contributor Francisco Ferrandiz has deemed ‘a formerly neglected cartography of terror and repression’ and to interpret the complex, intersecting pathways of political history, collective memory and cultural reforms of representation that emerge from the place of the exhumations. . . A great strength of this collection as a whole is the wealth of disciplinary perspectives brought to bear by renowned historians, anthropologists, literacy and cultural studies scholars, and journalists.” —Bulletin of Spanish Studies

From the Publisher