Typee. Omoo

by Herman Melville

Overview

Geroj romana Tajpi, matros kitobojnogo sudna doveden do otchajanija zhestokim obrashheniem na sudne, dedovshhinoj i surovymi telesnymi nakazanijami, i reshaetsja bezhat', prihvativ s soboj prijatelja. Ponachalu, jetot plan druz'jam-robinzonam kazhetsja horoshim, no naprasno, ibo dlja pobega oni vybrali Markizskie ostrova, prekrasnejshee na Zemle mesto, kishashhee kannibalami. Osnovannye na sobstvennom opyte romany Tajpi, ili Beglyj vzgljad na polinezijskuju zhizn' (Turee: or A Peep at Polynesian Life, 1846) i Omu: povest' o prikljuchenijah v Juzhnyh morjah (Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South seas, 1847), srazu zhe prinesshie pisatelju slavu (roman Tajpi byl samoj populjarnoj knigoj Germana Melvilla pri ego zhizni), harakterny uhodom v jekzotiku, polnym otkazom ot privychnoj dlja chitatelja dejstvitel'nosti. Melvill uvodit svoego geroja v pervobytnyj mir, k neisporchennym civilizaciej dikarjam Juzhnyh morej. Za uvlekatel'nymi sjuzhetami stoit volnovavshaja ne tol'ko Melvilla problema: mozhno li, otkazavshis' ot civilizacii, vernut'sja k prirode? Amerikanskij pisatel' German Melvill (1819-1891) rodilsja v N'ju-Jorke. Kogda emu bylo 12 let, umer ego otec-kommersant, ostavivshij za soboj dolgi i zastavivshij Melvilla rasstat'sja s mysl'ju o poluchenii universitetskogo obrazovanija. S 18 let plaval jungoj na paketbote, zatem nekotoroe vremja rabotal uchitelem; v 1841-m zaverbovalsja na kitobojnoe sudno Akushnet promyshljavshee v vodah Tihogo okeana. Cherez poltora goda plavanija, iz-za konflikta s bocmanom Akushneta Melvill vo vremja stojanki v portu odnogo iz Markizskih ostrovov sbezhal s sudna i okazalsja v plenu u tuzemcev, naseljavshih odnu iz plodorodnyh dolin ostrova; zatem byl osvobozhden jekipazhem amerikanskogo voennogo sudna. Jetot sluchaj i rasskaz o zhizni u plemeni tajpi leg v osnovu nastojashhej knigi. Posle trehletnih stranstvij vernulsja na rodinu, chtoby zanjat'sja literaturnoj dejatel'nost'ju. V romane Tajpi opisyvaetsja prebyvanie avtora v plenu u zhitelej odnogo iz ostrovov Polinezii. Melvill pokazyvaet nravy i obychai ljudej, zhivushhih v pervobytnyh uslovijah. Posle pobega iz doliny Tajpi, opisannogo v poslednej glave romana Tajpi, avtor eshhe dva goda provel v Juzhnyh morjah. Vskore po vozvrashhenii na rodinu im byla opublikovana nastojashhaja povest'; pri jetom avtor byl dalek ot mysli, chto ona dast emu vozmozhnost' obnaruzhit' mestoprebyvanie i samo sushhestvovanie druga Tobi, kotorogo on pochital davno umershim. Tem ne menee poluchilos' imenno tak. Rasskaz o prikljuchenijah Tobi sostavljaet estestvennoe prodolzhenie knigi i, kak takovoj, prilagaetsja k nastojashhemu izdaniju. V romane Omu rasskazyvaetsja o dal'nejshih pohozhdenijah geroja pervoj knigi Melvilla - Tajpi. Ochutivshis' na bortu anglijskoj shhuny, on vmeste s ostal'nymi matrosami za otkaz prodolzhat' plavanie byl vysazhen na Taiti. Nazvanie proizvedenija - Omu zaimstvovano iz narechija zhitelej Markizskih ostrovov, gde jeto slovo narjadu s drugimi znachenijami imeet takzhe znachenie brodjaga.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781530782673
Publisher:	CreateSpace Publishing
Publication date:	03/30/2016
Pages:	418
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.85(d)
Language:	Russian

About the Author

Herman Melville was born in August 1, 1819, in New York City, the son of a merchant. Only twelve when his father died bankrupt, young Herman tried work as a bank clerk, as a cabin-boy on a trip to Liverpool, and as an elementary schoolteacher, before shipping in January 1841 on the whaler Acushnet, bound for the Pacific. Deserting ship the following year in the Marquesas, he made his way to Tahiti and Honolulu, returning as ordinary seaman on the frigate United States to Boston, where he was discharged in October 1844. Books based on these adventures won him immediate success. By 1850 he was married, had acquired a farm near Pittsfield, Massachussetts (where he was the impetuous friend and neighbor of Nathaniel Hawthorne), and was hard at work on his masterpiece Moby-Dick.

Literary success soon faded; his complexity increasingly alienated readers. After a visit to the Holy Land in January 1857, he turned from writing prose fiction to poetry. In 1863, during the Civil War, he moved back to New York City, where from 1866-1885 he was a deputy inspector in the Custom House, and where, in 1891, he died. A draft of a final prose work, Billy Budd, Sailor, was left unfinished and uncollated, packed tidily away by his widow, where it remained until its rediscovery and publication in 1924.

Date of Birth:

August 1, 1819

Date of Death:

September 28, 1891

Place of Birth:

New York, New York

Place of Death:

New York, New York

Education:

Attended the Albany Academy in Albany, New York, until age 15