Table of Contents
Foreword Ian M. Randall xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix
Introductory Section 1
Rationale 1
Objectives 2
Origins and Emergence 3
Developments: Ideological and Structural 4
Methodology 4
Early Pentecostal Centres 5
England in the Context of the British Isles 6
Review of Associated Literature 7
Sunderland/Alexander Boddy 7
Bradford/Smith Wigglesworth 11
Bournemouth/William Oliver Hutchinson 15
Croydon/Pastor Inchcombe 18
Sources and Perspectives 18
Pentecostalism and the Historical Record 18
Source Materials and Qualitative Nature of this Study 21
Section 1 Origins and Emergence 25
Introduction 25
Section 1.1 Overview of the Scale and Nature of the Emerging Movement 26
Section 1.2 Historical Locality - Sunderland 33
Formative Years and Pre-Pentecostal Ministry of the Rev. Alexander A. Boddy 33
Healing, Holiness and Revival 37
Problematic Emergence of Tongues in England 44
"The Very Acme of All Conventions" 46
The Role of Cecil Polhill and the Formation of the Pentecostal Missionary Union 50
All Saints' and Pentecostal Involvement 53
Section 1.3 Historical Locality - Bradford 56
Formative Years and Pre-Pentecostal Ministry of Smith Wigglesworth 56
Holiness and Healing - the Origins of the Bowland Street Mission 59
Pentecostal Initiation and its Implications 62
The Bradford Convention and an Uneasy Transition 65
Section 1.4 Historical Locality - Bournemouth 68
Formative Years and Pre-Pentecostal Ministry of William Oliver Hutchinson 68
A Singular Development for the British Pentecostal Movement 70
Hutchinson as a Prominent Figure in the Emerging Network 73
Section 1.5 Historical Locality - Croydon 75
Croydon's Holiness Mission 75
Introduction of the Pentecostal Message 78
A Stable and Developing Mission 81
Conclusion 83
Section 2 Ideological Developments 86
Introduction 86
Why Spirituality? 86
Historico-Thematic Approach 88
Churchmanship 90
Theological World-View 90
Historiography 91
Section 2.1 "This Fiery Baptism": Pentecostal Initiation 92
Tongues and Pentecostal Initiation 93
Initiation Narratives 98
The Release of Spiritual Energy 103
The Locus of Divine-Human Convergence: The Waiting Meeting 105
Section 2.2 The Tenor of Emerging Pentecostal Worship in England 109
Colourful Christianity in Britain 109
Emotional Outbursts and Pentecostal Paroxysms in Sunderland 111
"Good Under the Rubbish ": Uses and Utilisation of Press and Other Reports 113
Control Exercised in the Form of the "Visible Leader" 115
Transatlantic Perspectives 119
Correctives Employed - Sanity Enjoined 121
Section 2.3 Pentecostal Apocalypticism 124
Overview 124
The Pre-Millennial Paradigm 125
Divine Imminence: Salient Ramifications 127
A Pentecostal Development: The Latter Rain 129
Reaction to War-time Upheavals: Speculation Regarding Antichrist and World Events 132
Strange Providences and Uncanny Phenomena 135
Polhill and an Altered Eschatological Emphasis 139
Section 2.4 Pentecostal Revivalism - Planned and Providential 140
Postwar Prospects 140
A Heritage of Planned Revivalism 141
Revivalist as Showman and Shaman - Wigglesworth 143
Revivalistic Planning and Showmanship of the Jeffreys Brothers 147
Shamanistic Proclivities of the Jeffreys Brothers 151
Pentecostal Re-enchantment of the World 154
Section 2.5 Pentecostal Otherworldliness 159
Introduction 159
Emerging Pentecostals, Education, and the Spiritual Life 159
Books, Thought, and Modernity as Enemies of the Spiritual Life 162
Baser Enemies Yet 169
Conclusion 173
Historico-Thematic Summary 173
Churchmanship 176
Theological World-View 178
Historiography 179
Section 3 Structural Developments 182
Introduction 182
Section 3.1 Early Conceptions and an Ecumenical Vision 183
Section 3.2 Organisation Disdained but Leadership Required 189
Section 3.3 Exertions of Censure and Power 194
William Oliver Hutchinson and the Apostolic Faith Connection 194
Misses Elkington and Jones 198
The Suppression of Bracknell Teaching 201
Smith Wigglesworth and Pentecostal Officialdom 206
Section 3.4 The Impetus Toward Another Form of Polity 209
Decline of the Boddy/Polhill Axis 209
A. E. Saxby 215
Parallel Trajectory to Structural Developments in North America 216
Section 3.5 Outcomes for Pentecostal Localities 220
Sunderland 220
Bradford 222
Bournemouth 225
Croydon 227
Conclusion 229
Conclusion 237
Bibliography 241
Primary Sources 241
Periodicals Consulted 241
Newspaper Articles 241
Minutes of the Pentecostal Missionary Union Council 242
Letters and Personal Correspondence 242
Unpublished Pamphlets and Manuscripts 243
Published Materials 244
Secondary Sources 245
Books and Essays 245
Scholarly Articles 260
Unpublished Dissertations 262
Unpublished Papers 263
Internet Sites 264
Index 265
