| Acknowledgements | xi |
| Introduction | 1 |
| Knowledge and Management | 1 |
| The Role of the Intellectual | 5 |
| Tow Truck Operators | 6 |
| Information Technology | 7 |
| Transformation | 7 |
Section I | Work Transforming | 9 |
Chapter 1 | Workers Become Professionals | 13 |
| From Menials to Professionals | 14 |
| The Airplane Mechanic | 15 |
| Retail/Service Industry | 16 |
| Forms Management and Data Capture | 20 |
| Manufacturing: From Assembly Line to Quality Circles | 22 |
| Education--From the Box to the Team | 24 |
| Military--Network Centric Warfare | 26 |
| Medicine--the End of the Super Doctor | 29 |
| Many More | 30 |
Chapter 2 | Professionals Become Workers | 31 |
| Making Thinking into Work and Work into Thinking Work | 32 |
| The Life of the Intellectual | 34 |
| The Thinking Machine | 36 |
| Professionals--the modern thinkers | 37 |
| "Freetime"--From Vocation to a Job | 38 |
| "De-Professionalization" | 39 |
| Professional Associations | 40 |
| Universities Straddle Conflicting Missions | 42 |
| The Production of Knowledge | 42 |
| The Commodity Relationship | 43 |
| Patents and Copyrights | 44 |
| Buying and Selling Professional Time | 45 |
| Management | 46 |
| Knowing More and More About Less and Less | 48 |
| Manual and Intellectual Labor | 49 |
Chapter 3 | From Cooperation to Collaboration | 51 |
| Beliefs That Underlie the New Work Culture | 51 |
| Information Sharing | 52 |
| The Fourth Wave | 54 |
| Consciously Changing a Work Culture | 56 |
| Work Cultures Old and New | 58 |
| Moving From Cooperation to Collaboration | 59 |
| Measuring Work | 64 |
| Overcoming Bad Habits | 65 |
Section II | New Ways to Think About Work | 67 |
Chapter 4 | Knowledge Work | 71 |
| Knowledge: Justified True Belief | 73 |
| Knowledge, Information and Data--some distinctions | 76 |
| Wisdom--the Other Side of Knowledge | 77 |
| Inherently Democratic | 78 |
| Work and Activity | 80 |
| An Answer to a Question | 81 |
| Going to Work | 82 |
| Playing Office is not Work | 86 |
| The Magic of Understanding | 87 |
| Creativity | 89 |
| The Interconnectivity of Knowledge | 90 |
| Knowledge Management | 90 |
| Knowledge Marshaling | 93 |
Chapter 5 | Integrated Digital Environment | 95 |
| Principles of an Integrated Digital Environment | 97 |
| Working collaboratively on line | 99 |
| The Power of Working in a Web Environment | 100 |
| It Takes Toys to Play in Today's Sandbox | 102 |
| Working in a Digital Environment | 103 |
Chapter 6 | Communities of Practice | 107 |
| Community | 110 |
| Ba | 112 |
| Practice/Praxis | 113 |
| Technology Scaffold | 116 |
| Cultivating a Community of Practice | 118 |
Section III | The Work of Changing | 121 |
Chapter 7 | Work Becomes Play | 125 |
Chapter 8 | The Nature of Knowledge Work: Thinking Spirally | 129 |
| Software Development | 130 |
| Failures | 131 |
| We Don't Know the End | 132 |
| Agility | 133 |
| Designing for Flexibility | 134 |
| Three Philosophical Theories for Knowledge Work | 135 |
| Back to Understanding (Hermeneutics) | 136 |
| Abduction | 137 |
| The Community of Scientific Inquirers | 139 |
| Faceting | 140 |
| Toward a New Theory | 144 |
Chapter 9 | The Practice of Transformation: A Three Step Plan | 147 |
| Leadership from Above: Change from Below | 148 |
| The Transformation Steps | 150 |
| How do I do a work process analysis--How do I analyze the work and the work processes? | 152 |
| A Work in Progress | 156 |
| Change Agents | 157 |
| There is No Road Map | 158 |
| A Spiral Process | 159 |
Chapter 10 | One Person at a Time | 161 |
| Accepting the Call | 164 |
| Start Where You Are | 165 |
Appendix | The Air Force Project: From computers and wires to a culture change | 167 |
| How it came about | 168 |
| The Role of Leadership | 172 |
| Glossary | 177 |
| For Further Information | 183 |
| Other books by Kenneth Megill | 190 |
| Index | 191 |