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Overview
Comprising seven chapters, The U.S.-Mexico Border: A Reference Handbook surveys the complex topic for students and readers. Chapter 1 discusses the political, social, and economic contexts in which the border came to exist. Chapter 2 discusses problems, controversies, and proposed solutions. Chapter 3 consists of original essays contributed by outside scholars, complementing the perspective and expertise of the author. Chapter 4 profiles major organizations and people who, as stakeholders in border politics, drive the agenda on the issue. Chapter 5 presents data and documents on the topic, giving readers the ability to analyze the facts. Chapter 6 provides additional resources that the reader may wish to consult, such as books, jourbanal articles, and films. Chapter 7 provides a detailed chronology of important events, and the book closes with a useful glossary of key terms used throughout the book and a comprehensive subject index.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781440874796 |
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Publisher: | Bloomsbury Academic |
Publication date: | 01/24/2022 |
Series: | Contemporary World Issues |
Pages: | 392 |
Product dimensions: | 6.40(w) x 9.25(h) x 1.35(d) |
About the Author
Table of Contents
Preface xiii
1 Background and History 3
Introduction 3
The Border before 1848 7
1848-1865: The Mexican-American War, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and the Consolidation of the Border Line 10
1865-1890: Post-Civil War Migration and Development 18
1890-1930: The Border Boom 22
1930-1942: The Interwar Years 26
1942-1964: The Bracero Program 29
1965-2000: Trends in Migration 33
2000 to Today: Militarizing the Border after 9/11 41
Conclusion 46
References 47
2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions 57
Introduction 57
Asylum and Refugee Problems 60
Border Barriers and the Militarization of the Border 66
Colonization 74
Drugs, Guns, and Human Trafficking 80
Economic Cycles of Booms and Busts 84
Environmental and Water Problems 88
Foreign Policy Issues 93
Global Economic Issues 97
Illegal Immigration Flows 101
Medicine, Medical Accessibility, and Medical Tourism 106
Political Incorporation 110
Social Change in the Borderland Region 113
Conclusion 114
References 116
3 Perspectives 129
Introduction 129
Mexican Americans and the Long Fight against Segregation in the Southwest David-James Gonzales 129
The Fourteenth Amendment, Incorporation Doctrine, and the U.S.-Mexico Border States Timothy R. Johnson Rachael Houston 135
Indian Boarding Schools: A History Worth Remembering Elizabeth M. Loomer 140
Social Justice and Injustice in the U.S.-Mexico Border Region Mark Lusk 145
Understanding Political Inactivity in the Border Region Maria Antonieta Reyes 150
Changing Labor Dynamics on the U.S.-Mexico Border: Agricultural and Domestic Workers in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives Mark Saka 158
The Apache Wars and the U.S.-Mexico Border David Zeh 162
4 Profiles 169
Introduction 169
Organizations 169
Alianza Federal de Mercedes 169
Center for Biological Diversity 172
Center for Land Grant Studies 173
Chicanos Por La Causa 174
Human Rights First 175
League of United Latin American Citizens 177
Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund 179
Mexican American Political Association 182
Mexican American Youth Organization 184
Movimiento Estudientil Chicanx de Aztlan 185
National Alliance for Hispanic Health 187
National Hispanic Institute 189
New Mexico Center on Law and Poverty 191
Office of Refugee Resettlement 192
Pew Research Center 194
Sinaloa Cartel 195
Unidos US 197
United Farm Workers 199
United We Dream 201
Voto Latino 202
People 204
Brewer, Janet (1944-) 204
Bush, George W. (1946-) 205
Castro, Julian (1974-) 206
Catron, Thomas Benton (1840-1921) 207
Cuellar, Henry (1955-) 208
Geronimo (1829-1909) 210
Grijalva, Raul (1948-) 211
Grisham, Michelle Lujan (1959-) 213
Huerta, Dolores (1930-) 214
Jimenez, Cristina (1984-) 216
Lujan, Ben Ray (1972-) 217
Obama, Barack (1961-) 219
Parker, Quanah (1845/1852-1911) 221
Polk, James K. (1795-1849) 222
Richardson, Bill (1947-) 223
Roosevelt, Franklin D. (1882-1945) 225
Roybal, Eduardo (1916-2005) 226
Sessions, Jeff(1946-) 227
Trump, Donald (1946-) 229
Vargas, Juan (1961-) 231
References 232
5 Data and Documents 239
Introduction 239
Data 239
Table 5.1 The Pueblos of New Mexico and the Language Spoken 239
Map 5.1 The Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819 240
Table 5-2 Twinning Cities of the U.S.-Mexico Border, West to East 241
Map 5.2 The U.S.-Mexico Border Region and Key Twinning Cities 242
Table 5-3 Congressional Districts Spanning the U.S.-Mexico Border and the Member Representing that District (116th Congress, 2019) 243
Table 5.4 Members of the Congressional Border Caucus 244
Table 5.5 Members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus 244
Table 5.6 Members of the Congressional Hispanic Conference 245
Map 5.3 Border Patrol Sectors along the Southwest Border 246
Table 5.7 Border Agents and Border Apprehensions, 2000-2019 247
Figure 5.1 Total Apprehensions at the Southwest Border, FY1960-FY2019 247
Figure 5.2 Total Apprehensions at the Southwest Border, by Country of Origin, FY2000-FY2019 248
Figure 5.3 Percentage of UAC Apprehended by the U.S. Border Patrol at the Southwest Border, by Country of Origin, FY2016 249
Documents 250
Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819 250
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848 251
Gadsden Purchase Agreement, 1854 252
An Act Granting Citizenship to Certain Indians, November 6, 1919 253
Border Patrol Act of 1925 254
Agricultural Act of 1949 255
Multilateral Protocol and Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1954 and 1966) 256
Refugee Act of March 17, 1980 260
La Paz Agreement of August 14, 1983 263
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of November 6, 1986 266
Immigration Act of 1990 (IMMACT) of November 29, 1990 270
Lulac et al v. Wilson et al. (1995) 272
Secure Fence Act of 2006 274
Exercising Prosecutorial Discretion with Respect to Individuals Who Came to the United States as Children, 2012 276
Asylum Eligibility Interim Final Rule, 2019 279
6 Resources 283
Introduction 283
Books 284
Scholarly Journals 314
Films 321
Videos 327
7 Chronology 331
Glossary 349
Index 357