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The Middle East and Islamic World Reader: An Historical Reader for the 21st Century
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The Middle East and Islamic World Reader: An Historical Reader for the 21st Century
416Paperback(Third Edition)
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Overview
With carefully framed essays beginning each chapter and brief introductory notes accompanying over seventy readings, the anthology reveals the multifaceted societies and political systems of the Islamic world. Selections range from theological texts illuminating the differences between Shiite and Sunni Muslims, to diplomatic exchanges and state papers, to memoirs and literary works, to manifestos of Islamic radicals.
This newly revised and expanded edition covers the dramatic changes in the region since 2005, and the popular uprisings that swept from Tunisia in January 2011 through Egypt, Libya, and beyond. The Middle East and Islamic World Reader is a fascinating historical survey of complex societies thatnow more than everare crucial for us to understand.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9780802145772 |
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Publisher: | Grove/Atlantic, Inc. |
Publication date: | 05/15/2012 |
Edition description: | Third Edition |
Pages: | 416 |
Sales rank: | 1,127,652 |
Product dimensions: | 6.08(w) x 8.82(h) x 1.14(d) |
Table of Contents
General Introduction 1
Chapter I Islamic Beginnings: Revelation, State Building, and Culture
Introduction 5
1 The Quran and Other Islamic Texts 12
2 Shiite and Sunni Views on Political Legitimacy 21
a Abd al-Hassan Ali al-Mawardi, On Choosing a Caliph 22
b Allama al-Hilli on the Shiite Imamate 24
3 Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Sina [Avicenna], The Ideal Muslim Intellectual 26
4 Rabia al-Adawiyya al-Qaysiyya, A Woman's Voice in Sufi Poetry 29
5 Abu al-Rayhum Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, A Muslim Scholar Examines Hinduism 31
Chapter II From the Coming of Steppe Peoples to the Age of Gunpowder Empires
Introduction 37
6 Disasters Strike the Muslim World 46
a Usamah ibn Munquidh, An Arab Perspective on the Crusades 46
b Rashid al-Din Fazlullah, The Mongol Conquest of Baghdad 48
c Ahmad al-Maqrizi, The Bubonic Plague in Syria and Egypt 51
7 Abd al-Rahman ibn Khaldun, Effective Rule and Dynastic Cycles 54
8 Shah Abbas and Emperor Jahangir Debate the Persian Conquest of Kandahar 58
9 Suraiya Faroqhi, Ottoman Women's Lives 62
Chapter III Contradictions of Modernity: Imperialism and Social Change
Introduction 69
10 Decrees from the Ottoman Tanzimat 80
a The Gulhane Proclamation 81
b An Ottoman "Bill of Rights" 82
11 Social and Economic Change in the Ottoman Empire 84
a Suraiya Faroqhi, Ottoman Peasants 85
b Hanna Batatu, Political Centralization in Iraq and Kurdistan 88
c Donald Quataert, Manufacturing Workshops 92
d Alexander Scholch, European Trade with Palestine 95
12 Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Plan for Islamic Union 97
Chapter IV The Two World Wars and their Aftermaths
Introduction 103
13 Conflicting Promises During World War I 113
a Sharif Husayn ibn Ali, Desire for Arab Independence 113
b Sir Henry McMahon, Qualifying British Pledges 115
c The Sykes-Picot Agreement on Dividing up Arab Lands 116
14 Vahakn N. Dadrian, The Fate of the Armenians in World War I 119
15 Challenges to New Nations: Afghanistan, Turkey, and the Fertile Crescent 122
a Queen Soraya, The Liberation of Afghan Women 123
b Mustafa Kemal, Design for a Modern Secular Turkish State 125
c Halidé Edib [Adivar], Dictatorship and Reform in Turkey 127
d Michel Aflaq, Purifying the National Ideal: Baath Ideology 132
16 Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Divide India; Create Pakistan 135
17 Peter J. Sluglett and Marion Farouk-Sluglett, Divide and Rule in British-Controlled Iraq 138
Chapter V Arabs and Zionists Struggle Over Palestine
Introduction 147
18 Zionism and its Early Arab Opponents 165
a Theodor Herzl, Zionism: The Vision of an Eventual Jewish State 165
b Rashid Rida, Pay Attention to Zionist Encroachment 168
c "Tiberias," Warning of Zionist Colonization 169
19 The Balfour Declaration and the Mandate Period 170
a The Balfour Declaration: AJewish Home in Palestine 170
b The General Syrian Congress, Our Objections to Zionism and Western Imperialism 171
c James Ramsay MacDonald, Letter to Chaim Weizmann 173
d Vladimir Jabotinsky, Let Us Settle Palestine and Transjordan 174
20 Palestine on Eve of World War II 176
a Ted Swedenburg, The Palestinian Revolt, 1936-39 177
b The Arab Response to the Proposed Partition of Palestine 182
c The British Government's White Paper on Palestine 184
d The Biltmore Program 186
21 The Creation of the State of Israel 188
a UN General Assembly, the Partition Plan: Resolution #181 189
b UN General Assembly, Palestinian Right of Return: Resolution #194 191
c The Israeli Knesset, The Law of Return 192
22 Arab Assertions: Out of Despair Revived Nationalism 193
a Nizar Qabbani, The Catastrophe of Arab Defeat 194
b Palestinian National Council, The National Charter 198
23 Reaching for Peace: United Nations Security Council Resolutions 201
a UN Resolution #242: Withdrawal from Occupied Territory 201
b UN Resolution #338: End the Fighting 203
24 Transformation of Palestinian Politics 203
a Yasir Arafat, We Recognize Israel 204
b Hanan Mikhail-Ashrawi, The Meaning of the Intifada 205
c Charter of the Islamic Resistance Movement of Palestine (Hamas) 207
25 The Peace Process 211
a Principles of a Peace Agreement-Oslo, Norway 212
b Yitzhak Rabin, The Price of Occupation 214
c The Taba Negotiations 215
26 Impasse and New Intifada 221
a King Husayn I of Jordan, Eulogy of Yitzhak Rabin 221
b Ariel Sharon, Program for Dealing with the Palestinians 222
c Marwan Barghouti, Grassroots Leadership and the Second Intifada 225
d The Arab League, Ratification of the Peace Plan Proposed by Crown Prince Abdullah ibn Abd al-Aziz of Saudi Arabia 228
e Palestinian Intellectuals' Urgent Appeal to Stop Suicide Bombings 230
f George W. Bush, A New and Different Palestinian Leadership 232
Chapter VI Geopolitics of Oil and the Cold War Conflict
Introduction 237
27 U.S. Presidential Policies, 1947-2002 244
a The Truman Doctrine 245
b The Eisenhower Doctrine 247
c George H. W. Bush, The New World Order 248
d William J. Clinton, The Battle Against. Terrorism 250
e George W. Bush, Beyond Containment and Deterrence to Preemptive Action 251
28 Intervention and Revolution in Iran 253
a Muhammad Mossadeq, Nationalizing Iranian Oil 254
b Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini, Iran in Imperialism's Clutches 255
c Ervand Abrahamian, Democracy or Theocracy: Iran's Islamic Republic 257
29 OPEC and the World Economy 262
a Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries: Getting Our Share 262
b Crown Prince Fahd ibn Abd al-Aziz, Oil and the World Economy 263
30 Wars at the End of the Twentieth Century and the Beginning of the Twenty-First 266
a Joe Stork, The First Gulf War: Iran vs. Iraq, 1980-88 266
b The United Nations and the Second Gulf War: Security Council Resolution #687 269
c George H.W. Bush, The Second Gulf War and Kicking the Vietnam Syndrome 271
d Zbigniew Brzezinski, "Some Stirred-up Muslims": Reflections on Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan 273
Chapter VII Ideologies, Movements, and Social Trends
Introduction 277
31 Egypt and Lebanon: Secularism and Confessionalism 288
a Jamal Abd al-Nasser, Arab Socialism 289
b Anwar Sadat, Infitah: Opening to the West 291
c The Taif Agreement: Syrian Influence over Lebanon 293
32 Early Ideologues of Islamic Radicalism 296
a Taqi al-Din Ahmad ibn Taimiyya, Against Heretical Innovation 297
b Hasan al-Banna, Overcome Western Materialism 300
c Sayyid Qutb, Corruptions of the Modern World 303
33 Modern Islamic Radicalism 306
a Saad Eddin Ibrahim, Egypt's Islamic Militants 307
b Taliban Decrees about Women, Men's Beards, Children's Games and Music 310
Chapter VIII 9/11: Terrorism and Wars; Arab Citizens' Revolt
Introduction 317
34 The Threat of Osama bin Laden and American Responses 325
a Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders: The 1998 Fatwa 326
b George W. Bush, Hand Over Terrorists or Share Their Fate 328
c Congresswoman Barbara Lee, No Blank Check to President Bush 330
35 The Policy Debate 332
a George W. Bush, Battling the Axis of Evil 332
b Brent Scowcroft, Don't Attack Saddam 335
36 President Obama's Vision for New Beginnings in the Middle East: Cairo University, Egypt, June 4, 2009 337
37 WikiLeaks 344
a Saudi Royal Wealth: Where Do They Get All That Money? 346
b Corruption in Tunisia: What's Yours Is Mine 344
c Egypt Seen from the Inside 349
38 The Arab Citizens' Revolt 353
a Stuart Schaar, Arab Dictatorships Under Fire in the New Information Age 353
b Paul Amar, Why Mubarack Is Out 357
39 The Historical Context: The West and Islam 363
a Bernard Lewis, The Clash of Civilizations 363
b Edward W. Said, The Clash of Ignorance 367
c Stuart Schaar, Orientalism's Persistence in Mass Culture and Foreign Policy 372
Epilogue 377
Glossary 383
Select Bibliography 391
Index 399