The Mask Carver's Son

The Mask Carver's Son

by Alyson Richman
The Mask Carver's Son

The Mask Carver's Son

by Alyson Richman

Paperback

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Overview

Set in turn of the century Japan in the world of the Noh theater, and in Paris during the heady days when French Impressionism was the avant-garde, this heartbreaking, beautifully written novel tells of a young Japanese artist who sacrifices everything: family, love and wealth for his art. A Master Noh mask carver dedicates his life to his art, turning his back on love after a series of tragic events leaves him devastated. Kiyoki, his only son, defies his father and the demands of cultural tradition to follow his dream of becoming a painter in the western style. Kiyoki journeys to Paris, where he lives the life of an exile, unable to break the bonds of tradition, until he finds his heart leads him back to Japan, where he at last discovers himself as an artist.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781582341293
Publisher: Bloomsbury USA
Publication date: 02/10/2001
Pages: 377
Product dimensions: 6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.79(d)

About the Author

While at college, Alyson Richman won a fellowship which enabled her to research four Japanese Meiji artists who studied Western painting in Europe. Kiyoki is based on the experiences of these men. The Mask Carver's Son is her first novel. She lives in Long Island City with her husband.

Read an Excerpt



Chapter One


My memories of Paris are never too distant, the colors never too far removed. My palette runs with the blue of violets, the burnt red of sienna, and the saffron yellow of cadmium, yet I remain chalked in a gray-walled studio on the outskirts of Tokyo. Here, every surface is tacked with newsprint sketches and unfinished canvases, and every floorboard blackened by the dust of crushed charcoal. My mind is captured by a fingernail memory, caged by the fractured glass of a prism that refracts time and reflects only the past.

     Burdened by my vision and displaced by my experience, I am bound. My journey prevented me from being Japanese; my face prevented me from being French. I am an artist who cannot belong to the tapestry of either country. But my misery becomes me. I exist with few friends and even fewer followers. I suppose I must be proud of this: like my father's craft, my world remains appreciated by few.

My father was a mask carver. As a young boy I saw his craft overtake his face. While other boys see their fathers' faces become a feathered maze of wrinkles, my father's became a smooth sheet of stone. My father had a broad, flat face and skin stretched so thin that he appeared blue. He, a man who carried with him the faint green smell of cypress and the cool sting of steel, could stammer only a few words to me, yet could stare for hours from behind a pair of bottomless, black eyes.

    Father was a lonely and famous man, and I his lonely and confused son. He widowed, I motherless, we lived quietly near the Daigo Mountain, within the walls of Kyoto. This mountain,the ancient tomb for the emperor Daigo's spirit, served as the shrine of my childhood. As I crossed its earthen path each day, with the sand and rock dust beneath my sandals and the flaming orange gateway above my head, I knew that something was here in this burial ground of my ancestors and their rulers that breathed a rhythm into my own minor existence. It was also here that, as a young schoolboy dressed in my coarsely woven hakama, I first noticed the extraordinary beauty of the seasons.

    I marked the seasons by the change in the mountain; perhaps this was the first palette I ever owned. From below the belly of the mountain, the fabric of autumn stretched high into the horizon. The colors, loomed by the threads of interwoven leaves, beamed yellow to screaming scarlet, then humbled to a fading brown. Winter ushered the dying leaves to the sepulcher of the earth's frozen floor, and blanketed the city and empty branches with a soft cotton rain. It was in those cold, dark months, with the color drained from the landscape, that I was most miserable. The brightest things I saw between late December and early February were my frostbitten ankles, which shot nakedly from underneath the cloth of my uniform, their skin always splashed crimson from suffering the bite of the bitter snow.

    Every night my father and I raised a sliver of my mother's dowry to our lips as we sipped fish broth from her dark lacquer bowls. Her ghost most often visited me on icy winter nights. She always came in silence, careful not to disturb my father's solitude, arriving and then dissolving in the cloudlike formations of my soup.

    She appeared and she was beautiful. She, my fleeting companion who encouraged me, who I sensed always understood.

    Her death had prevented me from knowing her voice, yet her image was revealed to me when I was alone at night. She would come to me as I lay sleeping and lead me through what appeared to be just a dream, but in reality was the story that preceded my life.


Father's arrival into the Yamamoto family was as strange and mysterious as our family itself. His arrival was unannounced. He carried with him no letter of introduction, no ceremonial gift reserved for first meetings. He simply arrived at the Kanze theater carrying with him nothing more than a furoshiki filled with masks.

    Grandfather's reputation, however, preceded him. Yamamoto Yuji. He was the most famous and most revered Noh actor in the Kansai region, the patriarch of the Kanze Noh family. People came to see him whether he performed by torchlight or within the walls of the Kanze theater. Having played the distinguished roles of both God and Spirit for nearly a half a century, his position had gone unrivaled. To many in that community, he was the closest thing to a living God.

    His entrance on the stage was marked by the beating of the otsuzumi, the high-pitched cries of the chorus, and the nokan whistling its shrill staccato. I can still envision the richly embroidered karaori hanging from his broad shoulders and the tresses of the massive wig tumbling down his back.

    Most vivid in my memory is the mask, the haunting mask: its hollowed-out eyes and a face that changed with every turn. The mask with a life of its own.

    That day in the theater, the first time my grandfather laid eyes on one of my father's masks, he felt his face drain white. Holding the mask between his thick, pulpy hands, he shivered, and his eyes widened with wonder. There was something different about my father's masks. And after Grandfather held each one in the cup of his hands, he swore he could feel each unique spirit seeping into the creases of his palms.

    He felt his eyes being drawn into the masks. Their eyes penetrated his own gaze. To my grandfather, my father's masks were just like those carved by the masters over a hundred years before. In particular, the young man's masks reminded him of those of the great Mitsuzane; they were subtle, refined, and possessed a haunting intensity that stirred his soul.

    My grandfather looked into the eyes of this quiet young carver and saw nothing. He then looked to Father's hands; he saw genius.

    He asked my father about his family. Where had he been born? Who was his father? To whom had he served his apprenticeship?

    My father's voice was soft. His response to Grandfather's inquiry was barely a whisper: 'I no longer have a family.'

    If it had not been for the silence of the room, Grandfather would have been unable to hear. He could see that my father's lips were still moving, and because he felt a strange interest in the man, he craned his thickly veined neck toward the young carver.

    Father's words were barely audible, but Grandfather found himself entranced. He had, for perhaps the first time in his life, relinquished his role as performer and become the sole member of an awestruck audience.

    Within the sanctuary of Grandfather's dressing room, my father relayed his story. A strange and sad story, one of ghosts and plum trees, of an old man and a young boy. A story so unique it could have been a play of Noh.


When Father had finished telling his story, his body echoed his exhaustion. His shoulders sloped under the folds of his kimono and his eyelids weighed heavily, veiled pupils gazing at the ground.

    Grandfather was rendered speechless. He had never heard such an outrageous story. Nor had he seen such a young and talented carver in his lifetime. His mind raced. If what my father said was true, he possessed a skill that could rival that of Mitsuzane, one of Noh's most revered carvers.

    Truly, the masks before him were unlike any he had seen before. The edges were whittled down to paper-thin proportions, and the features were perfectly formed. But even more impressive was their incredible sense of unearthliness. These masks were not bound to a single expression. Rather, the strokes of the carver had freed their spirit instead of binding them to a single earthbound existence. They refused to be captured; they evaded his eyes like coquettish, young girls masked in an innate world of mystery. They existed like blank white ghosts until he manipulated his hands under their backside.

    Grandfather held the Komachi Rojo mask in his palms. His eyes traced the thin curl of her ruby-painted lips, the razor-sharp incisions of her eyes; in her blankness she seemed almost haughty, defiant, all-knowing. But when he tilted his palms forward, he saw her face cast in an entirely different shadow. Suddenly she appeared sadder, older, and lonelier. He jerked forward. Startled by his abrupt movement, he focused his gaze once more. He could not believe his eyes; it was as if the spirit of the aged poet Komachi was transforming there before him.

    Grandfather knew this carver was empowered with a gift far greater than even his own acting ability. He pondered the young man before him and then found his concentration shifting to his daughter. With no heir to carry on the Yamamoto name, he marveled at the idea of a possible family union.

    Grandfather surmised that because the young carver had no family of his own, he would be proud to be brought into the Yamamoto family and to inherit the prestigious name. He poured sake for the young man and, with great elegance, thanked him for his visit. He commissioned three masks from him and then, before my father fade him farewell, Grandfather slyly inquired if he was married.

    'No?' My grandfather repeated my father's answer. 'Well, I am not sure of your schedule, but next Thursday my wife Chieko is planning to teach our daughter to prepare chawanmushi. Should you have the time, we would be delighted to have you join us.'

    My father, understanding that this was the old man's way of initiating an introduction to his unmarried daughter, offered a deep and reverent bow to my grandfather. He bade the great patriarch farewell with the promise to visit his home the following Thursday.

Reading Group Guide

INTRODUCTION

At the turn of 20th century, Yamamoto Kiyoki is a Japanese art student, dreaming of studying in Paris with the inspiring and vibrant Impressionist painters. Yamamoto Ryusei is Kiyoki’s father. Ryusei’s art, carving intricate masks for traditional Japanese theater, has been his refuge from loneliness since the death of his beloved wife, and he is revered as the most inspired artist of his kind. He expects his only son to honor the traditions of his family and his country, not to be seduced by Western ideas of what is beautiful. Ryusei hopes Kiyoki will follow his own distinguished career, but Kiyoki struggles under the weight of his duty to his father to fulfill his own destiny and travel West.



ABOUT ALYSON RICHMAN

Alyson Richman is the author of The Lost Wife, The Mask Carver’s Son, The Rhythm of Memory, and The Last Van Gogh. She lives in Long Island with her husband and two children.



DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
  • The first part of the book, narrated by Kiyoki, describes events that happened before he was born. Why is this background information important for Kiyoki’s own story? How do you think Kiyoki learned so many details about his family’s history? Does history repeat itself through the generations?
  • Shattered by the death of his parents, his mentor, and his wife, Ryusei becomes silent, believing he should shut out emotion in favor of the wood. Kiyoki says, “I firmly believe that my father began carving only because he knew that whatever he created with the chisel could never die” (p. 52). Does carving prevent Ryusei from feeling the pain of loss, or does it only cause more heartache by dividing him from the rest of the world?
  • Does Ryusei blame Kiyoki for his wife’s death? Does he resent Kiyoki? Do you think he truly loves his son? What passages in the book indicate his feelings?
  • Kiyoki discovers his late mother shared the same passion for art. How would Kiyoki’s life have been different if his mother had lived?
  • Is the concept of wearing—and creating—masks symbolic to Kiyoki’s struggle to identify his own self? Is he ever able to rid himself of the identity of “the mask carver’s son”?
  • Do you sympathize with Kiyoki’s struggle to carve his own path in life, separate from the duty and obligation he feels to his family? Or do you think he betrayed his father? Was selling his father’s masks a selfish act, or a necessary one?
  • Compare and contrast Kiyoki and Ryusei. Does Kiyoki think he is similar to his father?
  • When Kiyoki meets Norobu, he is surprised to feel romantic feelings for the first time in his life. Describe Kiyoki’s interpretation of his own sexuality.
  • What role does each of Kiyoki’s acquaintances in Paris—Takada, Hashimoto, Isabelle, Collin—play in his development as an artist and as a person? Does he allow himself to get close to anyone there? Why or why not?
  • What are the main differences in the art world in Japan and France as described by Kiyoki’s narrative? What are the differences in the culture of both places? How does the Westernization of Japan during this time period affect the story? Does Kiyoki “fit” into one better than the other?
  • After returning from France, Kiyoki’s first Japanese art exhibition is widely criticized. Do you think Kiyoki considers himself a failure?
  • Kiyoki returns to his hometown of Kyoto and offers to repaint the Yogo Pine at the ancient Noh theater. Why does he do this, and what is the significance of this act? How does it make him feel?
  • As Kiyoki grows older, do you think he regrets the choices he made as a younger man, or feel guilt over his actions?
  • Just like his father, Kiyoki dies alone. However, his obituary describes the artwork he left behind will be acquired and possibly exhibited by a museum in Tokyo. Does the acclaim for their art justify both Kiyoki and his father’s solitude and sacrifice in dedication to their craft? Do they both ultimately achieve the life they wanted?
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