The Man Who Stalked Einstein: How Nazi Scientist Philipp Lenard Changed the Course of History

by Bruce J. Hillman, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Bernd C. Wagner

Overview

By the end of World War I, Albert Einstein had become the face of the new science of theoretical physics and had made some powerful enemies. One of those enemies, Nobel Prize winner Philipp Lenard, spent a career trying to discredit him. Their story of conflict, pitting Germany’s most widely celebrated Jew against the Nazi scientist who was to become Hitler’s chief advisor on physics, had an impact far exceeding what the scientific community felt at the time. Indeed, their mutual antagonism affected the direction of science long after 1933, when Einstein took flight to America and changed the history of two nations. The Man Who Stalked Einstein details the tense relationship between Einstein and Lenard, their ideas and actions, during the eventful period between World War I and World War II.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781493010011
Publisher:	Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Publication date:	04/14/2015
Pages:	228
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

Bruce J. Hillman, MD has distinguished himself as a health services researcher, clinical trialist, and author of both medical articles and short stories published in elite magazines and journals. He is Professor and former Chair of Radiology at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. He has published over 300 medical articles, book chapters, and editorials, including his 2010 book for the lay public, The Sorcerer’s Apprentice – How Medical Imaging is Changing Health Care (Oxford University Press). Dr. Hillman has served as Editor-in-Chief of three medical journals, including his current position with the Journal of the American College of Radiology. He was Deputy Editor of the online literary and humanities journal, Hospital Drive, and has published eight short stories in such journals as The Connecticut Review, Compass Rose, and Aethlon, the Journal of Sports Literature.

Table of Contents

Introduction ix

A Note on the Differences between Lenard's and Einstein's Science xiii

1 Pyrrhic Victory 1

2 The Heart of the Matter 13

3 Familiarity Breeds Contempt 23

4 An Interesting Evening Out 41

5 A Disagreement between Gentlemen 53

6 A Missed Opportunity 65

7 Lenard in Stockholm 79

8 Einstein versus the Small Popes in Uppsala 91

9 Dangerous Choices 109

10 Lenard and Hitler 119

11 Deutsche Physik 135

12 Academic Impurities 149

13 Some Say by Fire, Others Ice 169

Epilogue: Unapologetic Lives 181

Bibliography 191

Acknowledgments 201

Index 203

About the Authors 211

Editorial Reviews

In 1905 Albert Einstein, then a relatively unknown German theoretical physicist, published the paper that introduced his theory of relativity; that same year Philipp Lenard, an older and well-respected experimental physicist, won the Nobel Prize. Einstein, of course, went on to iconic status, but outside the scientific community, Lenard is pretty much unknown these days. What happened? In simple terms, hatred, paranoia, and bigotry are what happened. This is a portrait of a man of indisputable talents who allowed himself to become obsessed with bringing down another brilliant man, who, Lenard believed, was passing off wild speculation as science. But this was more than professional rivalry; Einstein was Jewish, and Lenard was an anti-Semite who would become one of Hitler’s advisors. Was Lenard’s campaign part of a larger effort to rid the scientific community of Jews? Evidence suggests so, though this account also suggests that Lenard seemed honestly to believe in a conspiracy to deprive him of credit for discoveries made by other scientists. A deeply fascinating, deeply sad book that will be appeal to anyone with an interest in the history of modern science.

Booklist

In 1905 Albert Einstein, then a relatively unknown German theoretical physicist, published the paper that introduced his theory of relativity; that same year Philipp Lenard, an older and well-respected experimental physicist, won the Nobel Prize. Einstein, of course, went on to iconic status, but outside the scientific community, Lenard is pretty much unknown these days. What happened? In simple terms, hatred, paranoia, and bigotry are what happened. This is a portrait of a man of indisputable talents who allowed himself to become obsessed with bringing down another brilliant man, who, Lenard believed, was passing off wild speculation as science. But this was more than professional rivalry; Einstein was Jewish, and Lenard was an anti-Semite who would become one of Hitler’s advisors. Was Lenard’s campaign part of a larger effort to rid the scientific community of Jews? Evidence suggests so, though this account also suggests that Lenard seemed honestly to believe in a conspiracy to deprive him of credit for discoveries made by other scientists. A deeply fascinating, deeply sad book that will be appeal to anyone with an interest in the history of modern science.

Booklist

04/01/2015
In this title, the differences between theoretical and experimental physics are embodied respectively by Einstein and Philipp Lenard, a virulently anti-Semitic German physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1905. Hillman (radiology, Univ. of Virginia Sch. of Medicine) describes how, unable to prove the existence of the long-popular notion of "ether," in debt, and jealous of the attention paid Einstein, Lenard abandoned his early admiration of the younger man and escalated his ad hominem attacks on his fellow Nobel winner for more than 20 years. The book relies in part on original works in German, thanks to Birgit Ertl-Wagner and Bernd C. Wagner's translations for Hillman, adding a new perspective to the study of Einstein. It includes fascinating biographical information on both men, though those passages suffer a bit from current pop references and dramatic personifications (e.g. "fevered imaginings"). VERDICT Hillman has succeeded in his goal to "write a history…that read(s) like a novel," opening at the scene of a Nazi book burning. This very accessible popular science book will engage readers interested in physics, World War II, history, and biography.—Sara R. Tompson, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lib., Archives & Records Section, Pasadena, CA

Library Journal

2015-02-18
History of the clash between "German" and "Jewish" physics in the early decades of the last century. That clash explains why Albert Einstein ended up at Princeton and why his self-appointed nemesis, Philipp Lenard, ended his years stripped of academic rank but worshipping Adolf Hitler to the end. In what former University of Virginia School of Medicine chief of radiology Hillman (co-author: The Sorcerer's Apprentice—How Medical Imaging is Changing Health Care, 2010) calls "a memorable, character-driven story," Lenard emerges as a kind of furious, single-minded Javert whose particular branch of experimental physics relied on studies of more or less observable phenomena, much removed from the theoretical physics in which Einstein traded. That divide, Hillman writes, had its origin in World War I and the virtual blockade of German scientists, cut off from the international community and defiantly nationalistic as a result. Einstein's refusal to play along and his more independent path of inquiry earned him widespread antipathy. That, coupled with Lenard's growing anti-Semitism and general ire over Einstein's popularity, set a pattern of persecution that would last for as long as Einstein worked within the sphere of German influence—and Lenard bore more than his share of the burden of making Einstein's life miserable. The writing is mostly serviceable, if sometimes infelicitous, but the storytelling is too often clunky and digressive. Einstein is given the sobriquet "the relativity Jew," and Max Planck spends "an uncomfortable minute" with Hitler, while Lenard imagines him wondering, "how had he become so old?" and straining "against the constricting dark tie and starch-stiff collar that bit into his thin, old man's skin." Well, that's what he gets for tangling with the quantum, one might think, but his larger punishment lies in being mostly forgotten today. A footnote to modern theoretical physics and the history of science. Readers may prefer the bigger picture provided by John Cornwell's Hitler's Scientists (2003) and the better-written works on Einstein by Walter Isaacson and Alan Lightman, among others.

Kirkus Reviews

Narrator Arthur Morey injects a hint of Einstein's real-life persona into the famous scientist's voice in this audiobook. Philipp Lenard, a rival and doubter of Einstein, rose to power in Nazi Germany as Hitler's science advisor. Their story is told dramatically, with Morey capturing the essence of the battle between pacifism and the Nazi regime. Here is science, of course, including discussions of quantum physics, as well as personal drama, including details of Einstein's marital problems. The story also covers the atmosphere in Germany's scientific community at that time and touches on Edward Teller's interest in developing a hydrogen bomb for the U.S. The authors thoroughly cover the intersections of science with politics and war. J.A.S. © AudioFile 2016, Portland, Maine

MAY 2016 - AudioFile