The Malthusian Moment: Global Population Growth and the Birth of American Environmentalism

by T. J. Robertson

Overview

Although Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962) is often cited as the founding text of the U.S. environmental movement, in The Malthusian Moment Thomas Robertson locates the origins of modern American environmentalism in twentieth-century adaptations of Thomas Malthus’s concerns about population growth. For many environmentalists, managing population growth became the key to unlocking the most intractable problems facing Americans after World War II—everything from war and the spread of communism overseas to poverty, race riots, and suburban sprawl at home.

Weaving together the international and the domestic in creative new ways, The Malthusian Moment charts the explosion of Malthusian thinking in the United States from World War I to Earth Day 1970, then traces the just-as-surprising decline in concern beginning in the mid-1970s. In addition to offering an unconventional look at World War II and the Cold War through a balanced study of the environmental movement’s most contentious theory, the book sheds new light on some of the big stories of postwar American life: the rise of consumption, the growth of the federal government, urban and suburban problems, the civil rights and women’s movements, the role of scientists in a democracy, new attitudes about sex and sexuality, and the emergence of the “New Right.”

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780813552729
Publisher:	Rutgers University Press
Publication date:	05/07/2012
Series:	Studies in Modern Science, Technology, and the Environment
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	316
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 8.90(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

THOMAS ROBERTSON is an assistant professor in the department of humanities and arts at Worcester Polytechnic Institute where he teaches U.S., global, and environmental history.

 

Table of Contents

Malthusianism, eugenics, and carrying capacity in the interwar period
War and nature: Fairfield Osborn, William Vogt, and the birth of global ecology
Abundance in a sea of poverty : quality and quantity of life
"Feed 'em or fight 'em: population and resources on the global frontier during the Cold War
The "Chinification" of American cities, suburbs, and wilderness
Paul Ehrlich, the 1960s, and the population bomb
Strange bedfellows: population politics, 1968-1970
We're all in the same boat!?: The disuniting of spaceship earth
Ronald Reagan, the new right, and population growth

Editorial Reviews

"Robertson explores complex linkages among global population growth, the politics of population, food and hunger, and American environmental anxiety in the 20th century. His is the clearest, most incisive study of American thinking on population from 1945-75, the height of Malthusian fears in intellectual and official circles."

Georgetown University - J.R. McNeill

"Skillfully weaving together heightened concerns over rampant consumerism, accelerating population growth and environmental degradation, and their impact on American foreign policy, The Malthusian Moment is very likely to become obligatory reading for those interested in the tumultuous decades of the Vietnam era." 

Rutgers University - Michael Adas

"The Malthusian Moment is a valuable book that brings environmental history in touch with diplomatic and international history, helping to fill a gap in our understanding of the rise and fall of population politics."

University of New Hampshire - Kurk Dorsey

"This volume traces how the sociopolitically-based environmental movement of the post-WW II era embraced the siren calls of biologists warning of the global impact of overpopulation. Recommended."

Choice

"The great strength of this volume is the way the author teases out how ecological models and biological thinking shaped the population discussion in the 1960s, and how Ehrlich in particular rethought his formulations in light of the nuances of political matters, and re-emphasized his critiques to be more sensitive to his audience."

Canadian Studies in Population

"An excellent synthesis. The real strength of Robertson's work is his consideration of the dynamism and complexity of attitudes toward overpopulation. Writing a historical synthesis is never easy, but good environmental history demands it. Robertson has pulled the task off in spades."

Journal of American History

Whatever happened to overpopulation? Thomas Robertson’s thorough, lively, and superbly historicized account helps us think through this most pressing question."

Environmental History

"Skillfully weaving together heightened concerns over rampant consumerism, accelerating population growth and environmental degradation, and their impact on American foreign policy, The Malthusian Moment is very likely to become obligatory reading for those interested in the tumultuous decades of the Vietnam era." 

— Michael Adas

Rutgers University

"Robertson explores complex linkages among global population growth, the politics of population, food and hunger, and American environmental anxiety in the 20th century. His is the clearest, most incisive study of American thinking on population from 1945-75, the height of Malthusian fears in intellectual and official circles."

— J.R. McNeill

Georgetown University

"The Malthusian Moment is a valuable book that brings environmental history in touch with diplomatic and international history, helping to fill a gap in our understanding of the rise and fall of population politics."
— Kurk Dorsey

University of New Hampshire

"The great strength of this volume is the way the author teases out how ecological models and biological thinking shaped the population discussion in the 1960s, and how Ehrlich in particular rethought his formulations in light of the nuances of political matters, and re-emphasized his critiques to be more sensitive to his audience."

From the Publisher