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Overview
In the midst of boomtown Chicago, two Jewish families have suffered terrible blows. The Lehrmans, who run a small hat factory, lost their beloved son Harold in a blizzard. The Chimbrovas, who run a saloon, lost three of their boys on the SS Eastland when it sank in 1915. Each family holds out hope that one of their remaining children will rise to carry on the family business. But Benny Lehrman has no interest in making hats. His true passion is piano—especially jazz.
At night he sneaks down to the South Side, slipping into predominantly black clubs to hear jazz groups play. Along the way he meets a black trumpeter, a man named Napoleon who becomes Benny’s close friend and musical collaborator. Their adventures together take Benny far from the life he knew as a delivery boy. Pearl Chimbrova recognizes their talent and invites them to start playing at her family’s saloon, which Napoleon dubs “The Jazz Palace.”
Even as the novel charts the story of its characters, it also tells the tale of the city where they live. It is a world of gangsters, musicians, and clubs, in which black musicians are no freer than they were before the Civil War, white youths head down to the South Side to “slum,” and Al Capone and Louis Armstrong become legends. As The Jazz Palace steams through the 1920s, Benny, Pearl, and Napoleon forge a bond that is as memorable as it is lasting.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9780385539746 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group |
| Publication date: | 04/07/2015 |
| Sold by: | Random House |
| Format: | eBook |
| Pages: | 256 |
| File size: | 3 MB |
About the Author
Read an Excerpt
One
It was a hot July morning and the green river stank. The Onion River, the French called it. The Potawatomi named this place Chicagoua after the garlic that grew along its banks. As Benny walked to the bridge, he had to hold his nose. A light rain fell, but he didn’t care. He heard the music before he saw the big ships, and it made him pick up his pace. Pausing on the Clark Street Bridge, Benny took his time. A parcel, wrapped in brown paper, dangled from his hands. Though he was short for his age, he had a sturdy chest and arms that seemed to reach the ground. His hands were big as catcher’s mitts, and he swung his parcel to the beat.
He was late, but it was Saturday. Time to be in the vacant lot, playing ball. “Time to make deliveries,” was what his father said. Benny stared into the churning waters, which flowed west toward the Mississippi, not into Lake Michigan as nature had intended. In l900, the year he was born, engineers reversed the current to make Chicago’s drinking water safe. It was the feat of the century, sending the city’s polluted waters downriver to St. Louis. Cholera and typhoid would follow.
Thousands milled on the docks. Western Electric had invited its employees on this mandatory picnic across the lake to Michigan City. They made the receivers, amplifiers, and vacuum tubes for Bell Telephone. In the twine room they sat on benches, wrapping wires. That winter Alexander Graham Bell dialed from his phone in New York, and his assistant, Thomas Watson, answered in San Francisco. These workers had woven the cables.
They came in droves. Wives in creamy linen paraded with their husbands in Panama hats. Rows of siblings in matching dresses and suits walked hand in hand. Little girls in pigtails wore satin ribbons in their hair, and budding young women who worked on the assembly lines hung on the arms of their beaus. Grandmothers chased after toddlers, and a Hungarian man had brought all of his friends. Whiskey flasks were tucked into pockets. A sea of parasols floated by. It would require five ships to take them, and the Eastland was boarding first.
Benny marveled at the state-of-the-art steamship with its white-and-gray hull and sparkling deck. The crew in navy jackets and sailor caps dazzled him. The Eastland was outfitted with the latest in life-saving equipment. Three years before, the Titanic went down with lifeboats for fewer than half on board. Afterward Woodrow Wilson signed the Seamen’s Act. Lifeboats had to accommodate every man, woman, and child. Earlier that summer, extra rafts, weighing fourteen tons, were added to the Eastland’s upper deck. The crew knew she was top heavy. The first officer just shook his head.
Because of the rain many had gone below. Others stayed on top and danced. On the bridge above, Benny swayed to the rhythm of Bradfield’s Orchestra. The piano player was pounding out a tune on a shiny Kimball upright. Couples glided along the promenade deck. They leaped to a polka, then to a daring fox-trot, their smiles bright under broad-rimmed hats. The hats made Benny remember his errand. He glanced at the parcel in his hand. His father manufactured crisp white or heavy blue uniform caps that his sons distributed throughout the city. Every butcher and motorman in Chicago wore one of these. When he delivered to the stockyards, Benny heard the shrieks from the Bridge of Sighs. Guts and animal hair coated his shoes.
Today he had only one delivery on the North Side, then he could play ball. He’d meet up with his pal Moe. In the afternoon they’d sneak into Comiskey Park to see the White Sox wallop the Yanks. Faber was pitching and Benny wanted to be there. Now he lingered as young Bohemian and Polish men and women boarded. He shuffled his feet to the tune of “Alexander’s Ragtime Band.” When the orchestra switched to “The Girl I Left Behind,” Benny rocked in the morning rain. He thought about the girl who sat in front of him in history class. She had a long black braid and a Polish name. Perhaps he’d see her on one of these boats. In class he pictured himself caught up in the strands of her hair. He’d climbed into its darkness until all of history was lost to him. He envisioned her in his arms, black braid swishing across his face, her hips pressing into his.
Off the bridge a street vendor was selling sausage smothered in sauerkraut. If he had a nickel, Benny would buy one, even though it was trafe, but he didn’t. He was mad at his father for not giving him more than one-way carfare when he set out on his errands. “You’ll do a better job,” his father reasoned, “if you’re working for tips.” Benny had walked home many times from the South Side or hitched a ride on the back of a trolley, cursing his father all the way.
His mouth watered as Bohemian women passed with baskets, tucked under their arms, filled with creamy potato salad, deviled eggs, chickens that had been slow roasting for days, pickled beets, sweet-smelling breads. He was tempted to tag along so he could sample what they had. Instead he tipped his cap as the women sauntered by and men in gray jackets and starched shirts tipped their straw hats back. Benny’s hands clasped the railing, and his package swung by the string. He tapped out the music his fingers heard as he went along--not the Chopin and Beethoven his mother wanted him to play, but the tunes that were caught in his head.
He heard his own music everywhere. It was in the movement of his feet on wooden sidewalks, in the clomp of horses’ hooves, in the clatter of the “el.” He banged it out on garbage-can lids and on his desk at school. In the morning he hummed in the tub. At dinner he held the beat with a knife and fork until his father ordered him to stop. Then he played on his sheets at night as he drifted to sleep. The music that came from his hands was different from the ragtime he listened to now. He heard his music on the deliveries he made to the neighborhoods where the black people lived. It came from behind closed doors or out lonely windows where men in white undershirts played horn on summer evenings.
Before he began running deliveries for Lehrman’s Caps, Benny didn’t know much of the world beyond the neighborhood where he lived, the White Sox for whom he rooted, and the piano he played. He had seen the first cars rumble down Chicago streets and heard that airplanes could fly. He knew the Great War had begun in Europe and that Wilson was president. That spring the Lusitania sank in eighteen minutes, killing most of the passengers aboard. Anti-German sentiment spread throughout Chicago. In western suburbs dachshunds were poisoned. But his deliveries took him in a different direction, down an old fur trader’s trail called State Street by some, Satan’s Mile by most. People claimed the devil lived downtown, but Benny wanted to go to the South Side where the rail workers and meat-packers lived.
In the back alleys the city was starting to roar. Hot music, he heard it called. In February Joe “King” Oliver and his New Orleans band had caused an uproar on the South Side. They had all those horns, playing at once. Joe Oliver was a big man with a wandering eye. Behind his back the musicians called him Cockeye. But he had a sixth sense. Everything was about to change. Blacks and their music were moving north. They were building shacks along the tracks where the trains let them off.
After school Benny raced through his deliveries. Then he lingered on the smoky streets. A few nights before he’d stood at a door where a cornet played beside an out-of-tune piano. It wasn’t off by much, but it grated on his nerves. Still Benny stayed. There was something in that alleyway music he’d never heard. He couldn’t see where it was taking him. It was as if it had no rules, except for the ones it was making up. It had no beginning, no end. No one to scold him or tell him what to do. No one to be mad if he was late or his homework was due. This music just went on, the piano talking and the cornet listening, then the cornet talking back, the piano laughing as if two strangers, bent over drinks, were having a conversation into the night. Eavesdropping, Benny caught what he could.
As the ballast tanks were emptied, he was tapping out a tune. He hummed, trying to remember a refrain he’d heard. Water poured from the hull of the ship. Soon the gangplank was level with the river. Now the crowds climbed more easily aboard. The boat’s horn gave a deep, harsh honk. He dallied as any child would, waving from the bridge as if he were about to leave. The passengers rushed to starboard, raising up their children and flicking their kerchiefs in the wind. A nearby tug sounded its horn and they ran to port. Benny heard the laughter as the ship pitched beneath their weight, then back again. Shouts of good-bye rose from the crowd. They would only be gone for the day, but they acted as if this were a journey across the sea.
It was 1915. The city was safe. Except for the accidents that happened in the streets because children had nowhere else to play, there was little to fear. Doors were never locked. There were no thieves. Big Bill Thompson would soon be mayor, and George Wellington Streeter was selling home brew from a sandbar he claimed to rule as the District of Lake Michigan. Except for Sundays, liquor was legal. Gangsters, bootleggers, and pimps hadn’t begun their rule. On hot summer nights people slept on the beaches and in the parks.
Benny’s eyes caught those of a woman, standing beside him. Her hair was the color of burning leaves and her body round as a plum. She had come up on the Clark Street Bridge as he had for a better view. The woman held a girl by each hand. The youngest was pale and fragile as a porcelain doll, and at first Benny mistook her for one. The older girl was dark with olive skin and looked grown‑up for her years. They were dressed in creamy linen with matching hats. “It’s a beautiful sight, isn’t it?” the woman said, turning to him.
“Yes, ma’am, it is,” Benny replied, resting his arms on the railing.
“I bet you wish you were going with.”
He nodded. “Yes, I do.”
“My boys are.” She pointed to three young men who were scampering up the gangplank as a crew member motioned for them to hurry. It was ten minutes after seven, and the gangplank was raised. The crew began turning others away and sending them over to the Theodore Roosevelt, which was ready to receive them. The young men raised their fists in victory as their mother waved back. They were the last to board.
The older girl looked up, and her brown eyes caught his. “Jonah was supposed to come, too, but he wouldn’t get up,” the girl said. She spoke as if he knew about whom she was speaking. “That’s why we’re late.”
Benny smiled, not quite listening as his fingers kept time. “Who’s Jonah?”
“He’s my deaf brother’s twin. His name is Wren.” Her eyes scanned the water as she pointed to the boat. “Four of my brothers work for the company, but only Robin, Wren and Jay are going. Not Jonah. He overslept.”
“You have a lot of brothers,” Benny replied. She looked warm in her high-collar dress with the cinched waist. She kept tugging at the neck. Beads of sweat formed on her forehead and on the forehead of the little blond girl as well as they clasped the railing, looking down.
“They’re named after birds,” the girl said, waving to her brothers on the deck. “We’re named after gems.” She pointed to the blond child who held her mother’s hand.
“Pearl, leave the young man alone. Is she bothering you?” the mother asked.
“Oh, no,” Benny said. “Not at all.” He was just talking, not really paying her much heed.
The dark-haired girl spoke rapidly as if she could never get a word in. “Jonah wouldn’t get out of bed. I tried to wake him, but he wouldn’t budge.”
“Well, he must have been very tired,” Benny said, amused by her chatter. “I wouldn’t get up if I didn’t have to. Why don’t you join them?” He pointed to the boats, five of them now, ready to sail.
“Oh, I can’t. It’s my birthday,” the girl went on, her voice filled with anticipation. She gestured to her mother and her golden-haired sister. “We’re going to Buffalo’s for ice cream.”
Raising his face to the wind, Benny kept his eyes ahead. He was worried that the Sox game would be called off because of the rain. The wetness glazed his cheeks. He was glad to be standing there with the ship before him and the music pouring from its deck. He decided to humor the girl. “I bet you’ll have strawberry,” he said.
Her eyes widened. “How did you know?”
He smiled, shaking his head, not looking her way. “Oh, you seem like a strawberry kind of girl.” The horn sounded three long honks as the ship’s lines were released.
The girl blew kisses to her brothers as they vanished below. She kept waving long after they were gone. She turned to Benny once more. “They’ll have a wonderful time.”
“I’m sure they will,” he replied.
Suddenly the mother pointed. “Look,” she said, “there’s Wren.” They followed her finger to the promenade deck where the deaf boy, dressed in a snappy blue jacket and beige linen pants, signaled with the flapping motions of his arms. He fanned his face at the wet, warm air. He walked in circles, doing an imitation of Charlie Chaplin who was in Chicago that summer, making a movie about a vagabond who falls in love with a farmer’s daughter.
In the midst of the dancing passengers Wren performed a jig. He waltzed with an invisible partner, twirling her with one hand. Dipping toward the floor, he put his hands on the deck to feel the beat. He teetered back and forth like a balance, and his mother and the girls laughed. He made a clown face and they laughed some more. Then he stopped and frowned. He sniffed the air like a hunting dog. Looking up at his mother, the boy shook his head. He held his empty palms up to the sky. Then raced toward the stairwell to warn his brothers. “Something is wrong,” his mother said as he disappeared below.
The ship was unmoored. It listed to starboard, then over to port. Dancers glided from side to side. Passengers braced themselves, clasping their hats to their heads. On the wharves a watchman shouted to a crew member, "You’re leaning." A deep, harsh horn sounded again as the boat pitched. Nervous laughter rose. Deckhands noticed the sway beneath their feet, the little skips they had to do to keep from falling.
The chief engineer ordered the refilling of the ballast tanks. In the hull salt and pepper shakers rolled off tables. A cabinet toppled over, and beer bottles crashed to the floor. A player piano in the dance hall smashed into the wall. Two crew members looked at each other, then scrambled topside. The music stopped. Dancers paused in mid-step, waiting for it to begin again. On deck laughter ceased. A strange silence hung in the air. All Benny could hear was water slapping the hull.
He was still waving when the Eastland, just feet from the wharf, tilted ever so slightly, and then more, until the ship pitched under the weight of its lifeboats. It made a gurgling sound as if someone had pulled an enormous plug. Benny’s hand froze in midair as the ship turned on her side and sank in twenty feet of water onto the river’s bottom. Sheet music flew like aquatic birds. Musicians clung to the railing. A bass fiddle careened into the river, taking an infant in its wake. Mothers clutched children as they toppled over the side. Men were hurtled off the deck like torpedoes. Below passengers were tossed right, then left, from one end of the hull to the other. They raced for stairwells, men shoving women and children aside as the water rushed down upon them.
The screams did not resemble any Benny had ever heard. His mouth was open, his arms raised as if he could somehow stop this behemoth as it settled into the silty bottom. His package of uniform caps slipped from his hands and fell into the river, bobbing for an instant before sinking out of sight. He barely noticed it go. People were caught in the cloudy waters. Others had been hurled from the deck. One woman seemed to reach toward him, then vanished, and only her hat with its straw brim, its green and blue feathers, remained. Picnic hampers, derbies, thermos bottles drifted by.
As Benny raced to the dock, his eyes met those of the woman who’d stood on the bridge beside him. Her mouth was opened wide as a continuous shriek came from somewhere deeper inside of her than the water in which the Eastland sank. The younger, blond girl wailed as the dark child pressed her hands over her ears, pleading with her mother to stop. But the woman seemed to be drowning as if one could drown not only from water but from air as well. The woman uttered one endless cry that ceased only when she saw Benny on the dock. She stared into his gray eyes as if there was something she needed to tell him. Instead she clutched her two girls. "Go," she shouted at him. "Dive." And Benny ripped off his shirt, his shoes, and his trousers.
As he hit the water, he was startled by how cold the river was and how quiet. He could see nothing in the darkness, only a silhouette of limbs. He swam in the direction of arms and legs, but they eluded him. Surfacing, he grasped a piece of wood. Egg crates, chicken coops, ropes from other vessels, were hurled from the wharves. Benny shoved a crate at a flailing boy, then dove again. He reached his hands around the hips of a little girl who fluttered like a fish as she slipped away.
Gasping, he pulled himself onto the hull. He coughed up water as he tried to catch his breath. Then he heard the muffled cries. Beneath his feet he felt the pounding of fists. People were trapped inside. The hull was slick, and twice he almost fell. Ironworkers, welding on a nearby bridge, rushed to help as a tugboat coated the slick hull in ash. With his hands and feet Benny helped spread the ash, and his skin turned black. Then the ironworkers set to work. The flames of their torches seared the hull. Captain Pederson tried to stop them. "You’re ruining her hull," he shouted as passengers wrestled him away. As a hole was carved, a welder took Benny by the arm.
Benny, who was small but strong for his age, bent and reached into the dark pit. Arms groped up for his. Like a midwife he pulled out a boy, howling a newborn’s cry. He reached in once more and this time took a girl from her father’s clasp. He raised her easily into his. She wore a linen dress, covered in soot, and he caught her by her narrow waist. She was lithe and moved as if she was waltzing.
He had never held a girl before. He had only imagined what desire would be. To have a girl in his arms, her body close to his. He had envisioned the softness of skin, the smell of freshly washed hair. Now her breasts, which were round and full, pressed into his chest, and he grew aroused. He was stunned by the pulsing in his loins. He longed to see her grateful eyes. Perhaps she would tell him her name. But as Benny dragged her onto the hull, her legs dangled against his thighs. There was no warmth in her breath. Her arms hung limp around his neck.
Easing her down, Benny saw the fixed stare in her eyes, her blue lips. As he handed her to the next man, he began to weep. Standing on the hull, tears poured down his face. He could not bear the fact that his first embrace was in the arms of a dead girl. He found himself growing afraid of things he could not name. Somewhere above him Benny still heard that woman screaming on the bridge, and he dove back into the water to escape her.
As her eyes scanned the river, Anna Chimbrova wasn’t sure where her screaming came from. Her bird children were on board—the boys she’d named Robin, Jay, Wren. She had broken the Sabbath by letting them go. She carried money to buy ice cream for Pearl. She hadn’t heeded the warning signs when her deaf son, Wren, pointed to the sky and on their way to the river said he heard crows. Now she watched as bodies were pulled from the hull and placed in a neat row on the dock.
It wasn’t long before a boy in the blue jacket and beige pants was laid out beside them. Wren had been the last to go down. It made sense he’d be one of the first to leave. Her sons were dead. She despised herself for even thinking this, but how, without them, would they survive? It was as if she’d looked into one of those mirrors her first husband, Samuel Malkov, used to bring in from the street and found herself face-to-face with what she’d always feared—a person she didn’t know.
As she dragged her girls from the bridge, she thought that she hadn’t always been afraid of mirrors. At one time she’d even admired herself in them. But as she made her way through the Shadows, a desolate place of brothels and saloons, that seemed like long ago. Anna staggered by the noisy bars of Clark Street, ignoring the women, their faces painted like clowns, who called out from the window above. She passed the grim iron gates of the county jail. Turning east, she crossed against traffic. Horse-drawn carriages came to a halt. A newly minted Model T sputtered and honked while a trolley slammed on its brakes. At Pine Street a policeman shouted, "Lady, watch where you’re going!"
Pearl chased after her mother, clutching Opal by the hand. Her mother kept moving. The ocher sky threatened a worsening storm, but Anna had to tell Samuel that his sons had drowned. He had circumcised those boys himself with a sharp razor and his own careful hands. Though he’d been gone for years, she’d look for him in the waters that had frightened her when she was a child.
They boarded a trolley. Soon the soap factories and tenements of the Shadows slipped away. There were no shops, no Hebrew letters written above the stores. No women stood on corners haggling over fish. No pushcarts lined the streets. The houses got bigger. They were made of granite and redbrick. They were more like castles with turrets and walls. Black cars were parked in circular driveways. Anna didn’t notice. It was Samuel she was looking for as the bus carried them north. She missed him on summer evenings when the sound of cicadas filled the air. Before they were married, he took her for walks to the park where a calliope played. In a dense grove he pulled her to him, and for the first time she felt the heat and hardness of a man. Anna rubbed the spot where tree roots had pressed into her spine and stones had left their mark.
The trolley stopped near the lake, and Anna led the girls off. "Where are we going?" Pearl cried, but her mother ignored her pleas. Pedestrians looked at Anna and shook their heads. News of the Eastland hasn’t spread across town. Some asked if she was all right. Others assumed she was drunk. Or old and dotty—perhaps even the grandmother of those children. In fact she had just turned thirty-eight and she was their mother, widowed for the third time with nine children left in her care. She’d struggled to keep her family intact. A Bohemian neighbor had taken pity on them and gotten the oldest boys their jobs at Western Electric. "Don’t tell anyone you are Jews," the neighbor had warned. "We’ll all get fired." They said they were Czechs. They had been desperate for work. It was a sin and Anna knew it—to pretend you were something you were not.
The lake was a steely gray, the color of humid days and stormy skies. The shades of pavement and impoverished walls. Its surface imitated the sky and it was difficult to tell where one ended and the other began. But Anna wasn’t frightened. As she led her girls to the shore, the water beckoned.
Reading Group Guide
The introduction, discussion questions, and suggested reading that follow are designed to enhance your group’s discussion of The Jazz Palace, a novel gangsters, musicians, and intrigue by Mary Morris, set in 1920s Chicago.
1. When the SS Eastland capsized in 1915, 844 passengers and 4 crew members lost their lives. What did you think about the author’s decision to begin the novel with this event?
2. Did you find Benny’s attempts to save passengers admirable or foolish?
3. Why doesn’t Benny tell his father about the Eastland when he returns to the factory? What does it say about their relationship?
4. Hannah and Leo Lehrman have lofty ambitions for their son, Benny, and they are unable to accept his passion for jazz. Do you think they would have been more open to Benny’s love of jazz had they not already lost one son?
5. Is Benny rejecting his family and his faith with is music? Or is he “coming closer to God” as his music teacher Mr. Marcopolis tells him?
6. Chicago is the author’s hometown. The sights, smells, and sounds of the city are beautifully described in detail. Did reading the novel inspire you to visit? If you live there or if you’ve already visited, does the novel enable to see the city with fresh eyes?
7. The author breathes new life into historical figures such as Al Capone, Louis Armstrong and Rudolph Valentino. How do these celebrities contribute to narrative of the novel?
8. Napoleon’s grandmother tells him “Everyone needs a trickster in this world.” Do you agree?
9. Discuss the significance of Pearl’s discovery of the “absence of sound” beneath the waters of Lake Michigan.
10. Do you think that Pearl is the wise, quiet strength of the novel?
11. Benny and Napoleon experience anti-Semitism and racism at different points in the novel. Do these injustices provide a bond between them that is even stronger than their love of music?
12. Did the scene in which Benny rushes Napoleon to Marta’s surprise you? Discuss the author’s skill in setting up this fictive moment, and how that scene made you feel.
13. Discuss Opal and how she embodies the novel’s central them of the freedom to pursue one’s passion in a very powerful and poignant way.
14. Does Benny’s return to a more traditional way of life—work, family, and marriage—seem like a failure or a new beginning?
15. What do you think the future holds for Benny and Pearl as we leave them bathed in the glow of “The Century of Progress”?