Table of Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction: The Equality of Believers 1
Part I The Missionaries, Their Converts, and Their Enemies
1 The Missionaries: From Egalitarianism to Paternalism 13
2 The Africans: Embracing the Gospel of Equality 26
3 The Dutch Settlers: Confining the Gospel of Equality 39
4 The Political Missionaries: "Our Religion Must Embody Itself in Action" 52
5 The Missionary Critique of the African: Witchcraft, Marriage, and Sexuality 65
6 The Revolt of the Black Clergy: "We Can't Be Brothers" 82
Part II The Benevolent Empire and the Social Gospel
7 The "Native Question" and the Benevolent Empire 103
8 A Christian Coalition of Paternal Elites 116
9 The Social Gospel: The Ideology of the Benevolent Empire 132
10 High Point of the Christian Alliance: A South African Locarno 149
11 The Enemies of the Benevolent Empire: Gelykstelling Condemned 163
Part III The Parting of the Ways
12 A Special Education for Africans? 181
13 The Abolition of the Cape Franchise: A "Door of Citizenship" Closed 202
14 The Evangelical Invention of Apartheid 222
15 Neo-Calvinism: A Worldview for a Missionary Volk 238
16 The Stagnation of the Social Gospel 258
17 The Abolition of the Mission Schools: A Second "Door of Citizenship" Closed 279
18 A Divided Missionary Impulse and Its Political Heirs 297
Conclusion 319
Notes 327
Bibliography 387
Index 417