The Digitizing Family: An Ethnography of Melanesian Smartphones

by Geoffrey Hobbis

Overview

At once a digital ethnography of smartphones and a classically conceived village-based ethnography, this book relocates the study of digital technologies to rural Melanesia, with a focus on the Lau of Malaita, Soloman Islands. In this ‘technography’, Geoffrey Hobbis studies the materiality and functional attributes of smartphones and their object biographies—modes of acquisition, maintenance, uses, limitations and the problems specific to this region in adopting and adapting smartphones in everyday life. As he examines the various uses of smartphones, as both telephone and multimedia device, Hobbis also explores the social and cultural transformations, the hopes and uncertainties, with which they are associated. Ultimately, in bringing together a study of digital technologies with classical anthropological theory, The Digitizing Family develops a theory of smartphones as kinship technologies and supercompositional objects.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9783030349288
Publisher:	Springer International Publishing
Publication date:	02/08/2020
Edition description:	1st ed. 2020
Pages:	225
Product dimensions:	5.83(w) x 8.27(h) x 0.00(d)

About the Author

Geoffrey Hobbis is an Assistant Professor at the Centre for Media and Journalism Studies, University of Groningen, the Netherlands. Previously, he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Centre de Recherche et de Documentation sur l'Océanie, France, and lectured at the University of British Columbia, Canada.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction: Digitizing the Melanesian Family

1.1 Leapfrogging Technology

1.1 An Anthropology of Digital Technologies

1.3 The Diffusion of Contagious Ideas

1.4 An Ethnography of Digital Technology

1.5 Structure of the Book

Chapter 2: Methodological Notes

2.1 Becoming Familiar in Gwou'ulu

2.2 The Ethnographer and the Mobile Phone Research Prool

2.3 A Different Sort of Kinship Chart

Part I: The Many Lives and Deaths of the Melanesian Smartphone

Chapter 3: A Sketch of Many Births, Lives and Deaths of Smartphones

3.1 Getting a Smartphone

3.2 Losing a Smartphone

3.3 Using a Smartphone

3.4 Gendered Divisions

3.5 Generational Divide

3.6 Educational Differences

Chapter 4: A Digital Swiss Army Knife

4.1 The Main Functions of a Popular Smartphone

4.2 The 1TOK and Jenny TV as "smarter mobile phones"

4.3 A Communication Technolgoy

4.3a Telephones

4.3b Texting

4.3c Internet

4.4 Multimedia and Entertainment

4.4a Music Player

4.4b Camera, visual display and movie player

4.4c Television

4.5 Back to the Basics

4.5a Flashlights

4.5b Watches and Calendars

4.5c Calculator

4.6 Beyond Universals

Part 2

Chapter 5: Digitizing Social Networks

5.1 A Brief Sketch of the Central Technological Properties of Mobile Telephone

5.2 Villagers' Smartphones and Phone Books

5.2a Emily

5.2b Victoria

5.2c Philip

5.2d Florian

5.3 Telephony, Kin Networks and the Urban-Rural Divide

5.4 Digitizing Kin Connections

5.4a Access to Biomedical Care

5.4b Gender-based Violence and Women's Support Networks

5.4c Funeral Arrangements

5.4d Conflict Management

5.4e Remittance Requests

5.5 Transforming Distant Relations Through Telephony?

Chapter 6: Telephonic Immorality and Uncertainty

6.1 Sexually Promiscuous Telephony

6.2 Smartphone Magic

6.2a Agalo and Malevolent Sorcery

6.2b Contagious Magic

6.2c Telephonic Contagion

6.2d Love Magic

6.3 Cautionary Tales

6.4 Telephonic Anxieties in Accelerated Socialities

Part 3: MicroSD Culture and Digital Parenting

Chapter 7: The Muvi Haos

7.1 The Muvi Haos

7.2 The Demise of the Muvi Haos and the Rise of Private Viewing

7.3 From Public to Private Viewing

Chapter 8: The Babysitting Smartphone

8.1 Pikinini Tumas

8.2 Raising Children: An Issue of Relevant Social Groups

8.3 A Different Kind of Sunday School?

8.4 Educational Conundrums

8.5 Fathers as Babysitters

8.5a Ramo and Rambo

8.5b Kissing Movies

8.5c Sources of friction

8.6 Mothers as Babysitters

8.6a Nemo not Rambo

8.6b Dancing not Kissing

8.7 Guiding Visions and Competing Futures

Part 4: Towards a Theory of Smartphones as Kinship Tools

Chapter 9: The Sociotechnical System of Melanesian Smartphones

9.1 The Materials upon which Technologies Act

9.2 The Forces that Move Objects and Transform Matter

9.3 The Objects that Operate on the Materials Themselves

9.4 The Gestures People Use to Make the Objects Work

9.5 Knowledge that Puts Objects to Work

Chapter 10: Conclusion: The Supercompositional Object\

10.1 Family Life in Digital Perils

10.2 Beyond Universalities: Smartphones as Rural Kinship Technologies

10.3 Moral Anxieties in Medias Res

10.4 Smartphones as Supercompositional Objects

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

“By coming to grips with digital technology in a Melanesian community, Geoffrey Hobbis tackles key interrogations of Technologie Culturelle, the one strain of material culture studies that does not push the physical dimension of objects under the carpet. His meticulous and vivid ‘technography’ documents and analyses how high-tech devices mingle with old as well as new aspects of a fast-changing village way of life. The Digitizing Family gives a neat and vivid description of the compelling attraction of small and secret screens that are both a means to soften the numerous straightjackets invented by the local church and elders, and a necessity to sneak inside the outside and far away urban life.” (Pierre Lemonnier, Honorary Director of Research at CNRS-CREDO (Centre de Recherche et de Documentation sur l Oceanie, Aix-Marseille-Universite, France) and author of Mundane Objects: Materiality and Non-verbal Communication (2013))

“Hobbis offers readers the first comprehensive ethnographic account of how a globalized digital artifact—the smartphone—has become embedded in the everyday life of rural Melanesians, even when people lack financial means to make frequent calls and the infrastructural capacity to go online. His insightful discussion of smartphones as versatile tools for making and unmaking kinship and personhood registers the profound moral ambivalence surrounding these devices. The Digitizing Family is a well composed snapshot of a fast-evolving technological system that blends digital anthropology and material culture studies in thought-provoking ways.” (Robert J. Foster, Professor of Anthropology and Visual & Cultural Studies and Richard L. Turner Professor of Humanities, University of Rochester, USA, and co-editor of The Moral Economy of Mobile Phones: Pacific Islands Perspectives (2018)).

“The rather astonishingly rapid spread of mobile phones and related technology to all parts of the globe since the millenium presents anthropologists with a unique challenge. Such technology infuses many aspects of people’s lives and has ramifications throughout entire social systems. The way it affects and is affected by varying cultural regimes provides a great opportunity for producing controlled comparisons, which are the hallmark of anthropology’s finest accomplishments. However, it will take an array of detailed ethnographies, such as that provided by Geoffrey Hobbis, to get the job done. In this superb, comprehensive account of the ramifications of cellphone use in a village in the Solomon Islands, Hobbis has set a high standard indeed; his work serves as a model for how anthropologists should approach the issues involved at local levels anywhere in the world.” (Alan Howard, Professor Emeritus in Anthropology at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, USA)

“The Digitizing Family makes fascinating reading—and a significant contribution to media anthropology. Hobbis shows that smartphones have offered major benefits in the Solomon Islands despite many barriers faced by users. Nevertheless, rural people’s smartphone use builds on their symbolic practices in unexpected ways, eluding any generalizations about the developmental role of mobile technology. Hobbis gives a nuanced description of how smartphone movie watching has emerged as a particularly transformative activity for families. As elsewhere, a close relationship has evolved between the body and mobile phone, but, in the case of Solomon Islands, this closeness enables contagious magic, sending ancestral spirits through smartphones to inflict harm on others. Theoretically, the book bridges digital anthropology with technology studies, analyzing the complexity of smartphones' compositional elements.” (Sirpa Tenhunen, Professor of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Helsinki, Finland, and author of A Village Goes Mobile: Telephony, Mediation, and Social Change in Rural India)

“The Digitizing Family is the first ethnography of life with smartphones in rural Solomon Islands. Bringing into dialogue different theoretical and linguistic traditions of the study of digital media and technologies, Hobbis creatively integrates classic anthropological studies of Melanesian self and personhood with the latest scholarship in digital anthropology. Illustrating both the ordinary and extraordinary use of the smartphone in the rural Pacific, Hobbis presents both a surprising account of everyday smartphone usage outside of the West, and highlights the continued importance of long-term fieldwork and anthropological analysis for the study of new communication technologies.” (Heather A. Horst, Professor and Director of the Institute for Culture and Society at Western Sydney University, Australia)