The Animal Question: Why Nonhuman Animals Deserve Human Rights / Edition 1

by Paola Cavalieri, Catherine Woollard

Overview

How much do animals matter—morally? Can we keep considering them as second class beings, to be used merely for our benefit? Or, should we offer them some form of moral egalitarianism? Inserting itself into the passionate debate over animal rights, this fascinating, provocative work by renowned scholar Paola Cavalieri advances a radical proposal: that we extend basic human rights to the nonhuman animals we currently treat as "things."

Cavalieri first goes back in time, tracing the roots of the debate from the 1970s, then explores not only the ethical but also the scientific viewpoints, examining the debate's precedents in mainstream Western philosophy. She considers the main proposals of reform that recently have been advanced within the framework of today's prevailing ethical perspectives. Are these proposals satisfying? Cavalieri says no, claiming that it is necessary to go beyond the traditional opposition between utilitarianism and Kantianism and focus on the question of fundamental moral protection. In the case of human beings, such protection is granted within the widely shared moral doctrine of universal human rights' theory. Cavalieri argues that if we examine closely this theory, we will discover that its very logic extends to nonhuman animals as beings who are owed basic moral and legal rights and that, as a result, human rights are not human after all.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780195173659
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	01/15/2004
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	192
Product dimensions:	5.50(w) x 8.40(h) x 0.40(d)
Lexile:	1560L (what's this?)

About the Author

Paola Cavalieri is editor of the international philosophy journal Etica & Animali, and has published widely in the area of applied ethics. She co-edited, with Peter Singer, the award-winning 1993 book The Great Ape Project: Equality Beyond Humanity.

Table of Contents

1	The Cultural Premises	3
	A Problem for Political Philosophy: How to Establish Human Equality	4
	Bioethical Dilemmas: Who Is Human?	7
	After Behaviorism, or How Animal Minds Started to Exist Again	12
2	The Problem of Moral Status	23
	Moral Agents and Moral Patients	28
	In Search of the Criteria	31
	Inclusion in the Moral Community	32
3	The Traditional Accounts	41
	Absolute Dismissal, or Descartes and God's Clocks	41
	The Superiority of Rational Nature: How Kant Created Humanism	47
	Ethics Makes a Turn: Utilitarianism	59
	After the Inclusion	67
4	Speciesism	69
	Traditional Speciesism: Attributing Weight to Biological Characteristics	71
	The Correspondence Approach: Species as a Mark of the Morally Relevant Characteristics	73
	An Attempt to Grant Paradigmatic Status to Nonparadigmatic Humans	76
	Retreat: Comparable Status, Different Treatment	79
5	Welfare and the Value of Life	87
	Welfare	88
	When Killing Is Wrong	101
	The Value of Life: Qualitative Theories	105
	The Value of Life: Quantitative Theories	109
	Internal Perspectives on Prudential Value	113
	An Open Problem	116
	The Notion of Person as an Alternative Solution?	117
6	A Minimal Normative Proposal	125
	Human Rights: Sphere of Reference	125
	Human Rights: Essential Characteristics	128
	Human Rights: Justification	131
	For an Expanded Theory of Human Rights	137
	Notes	145
	Bibliography	165
	Index	175

Editorial Reviews

"A brilliant, concise statement of the argument for attributing basic rights to animals, and a significant new contribution to the current debate. Ms. Cavalieri shows that contemporary discussions in ethics and bioethics risk arbitrariness or incoherence because they have failed to tackle the issue of the status of animals. From now on, opponents of animal rights must try to answer Ms. Cavalieri's argument, and anyone writing in bioethics will have to meet her challenge."—Peter Singer, Princeton University

"This short, elegent, and well-focused book does exactly what it says on the jacket, both front and back, and puts the case for attributing basic human rights to animals. Unlike many who take this side, Cavalieri's argument, set firmly and openly within the analytic tradition, is austere and rigorous throughout, and has none of the hyperbole, the tugging at heart-strings, the harsh detailing that characterizes much that is written in defense of animals."—Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews

From the Publisher