Site Fights: Divisive Facilities and Civil Society in Japan and the West

by Daniel P. Aldrich

Overview

One of the most vexing problems for governments is building controversial facilities that serve the needs of all citizens but have adverse consequences for host communities. Policymakers must decide not only where to locate often unwanted projects but also what methods to use when interacting with opposition groups. In Site Fights, Daniel P. Aldrich gathers quantitative evidence from close to five hundred municipalities across Japan to show that planners deliberately seek out acquiescent and unorganized communities for such facilities in order to minimize conflict. When protests arise over nuclear power plants, dams, and airports, agencies regularly rely on the coercive powers of the modern state, such as land expropriation and police repression. Only under pressure from civil society do policymakers move toward financial incentives and public relations campaigns. Through fieldwork and interviews with bureaucrats and activists, Aldrich illustrates these dynamics with case studies from Japan, France, and the United States. The incidents highlighted in Site Fights stress the importance of developing engaged civil society even in the absence of crisis, thereby making communities both less attractive to planners of controversial projects and more effective at resisting future threats.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780801457012
Publisher:	Cornell University Press
Publication date:	03/15/2011
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	272
File size:	1 MB
Age Range:	18 Years

About the Author

Daniel P. Aldrich is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Purdue University.

Table of Contents

Introduction: Site Fights and Policy Tools
1 Picking Sites
2 A Logic of Tool Choice
3 Occasional Turbulence: Airport Siting in Japan and France
4 Dam the Rivers: Siting Water Projects in Japan and France
5 Trying to Change Hearts and Minds: Japanese Nuclear Power Plant Siting
6 David versus Goliath: French Nuclear Power Plant Siting
Conclusion: Areas for Future Investigation

What People are Saying About This

Barry G. Rabe

Daniel P. Aldrich provides a fresh look at a familiar and enduring arena of political stalemate. His comparative approach cuts across multiple siting venues and offers important insights that can serve to guide contentious land use decisions.

Wesley Sasaki-Uemura

In Site Fights, Daniel P. Aldrich looks at frictions between state bureaucracies and elements of civil society and posits a model for their interactions and mutual influences over time. He argues that states worry primarily about the strength of civil society in the areas they target for their projects. Therefore, civil societies play a crucial role in the development of a country and its democracy.

Hayden Lesbirel

Daniel P. Aldrich has produced a fascinating book that investigates how states approach the siting of public nasties comparatively. Integrating the social capital and facility siting literatures, it qualifies the dominant paradigm that states seek to develop controversial projects through open, noncoercive, and participatory strategies. Site Fights will generate a lively scholarly and policy debate about the relationship between the state and civil society in the management of contentious siting politics.

Ezra Suleiman

Daniel P. Aldrich has written an important book that analyzes the ways in which national bureaucracies interact with anti-project social movements. He explains with impressive empirical evidence why in highly charged policy areas governments sometimes use coercion, whereas in other cases they adopt softer policy instruments.

Editorial Reviews

The popular slogan NIMBY—Not in My Back Yard—captures a classic dilemma that confronts policymakers: Although society as a whole requires certain basic public goods, such as energy supplies, improved infrastructure, and transportation hubs, individual communities are often unwilling to bear the localized costs and externalities of hosting these installations. In this fresh, insightful, and creative study, Daniel Aldrich explores the ways in which states decide to site controversial facilities and the types of instruments that public agencies employ to respond to societal opposition against these siting decisions.

Alexander Cooley

The unique contribution of this book lies in its nature as an exercise in comparative public policy. The case studies, which include Japan and France, are very well done and provide empirical evidence for the universal nature of the human reaction to siting dilemmas. They suggest that the strategic interaction between democratic state policy processes and the organizational structure of the civic society involved—including its conventions, values, and legal background—can indeed predict the success or failure of facility siting.

Political Science Quarterly

Although the study is largely a chronicle of failed efforts by civil-society groups to stop public projects in their communities, Aldrich emphasizes that when civil society mobilizes broadly and strongly, it can force the state to use milder tactics and can sometimes even prevail.

Patricia G. Steinhoffn Journal of Sociology

Site Fights makes a very important contribution to both the civil society and comparative politics literatures relating to Japan. It will serve as an excellent text in a graduate-level seminar on Japanese domestic politics and should be of interest to scholars and policymakers interested in environmental issues, state-society relations, and the challenges faced by modern states in their quest to secure expanded sources of energy. Finally, citizen activists in advanced democracies would do well to take heed of one of this book's implied lessons: in order to force state compliance with democratic standards of behavior, you must gaman (persevere).

Journal of Japanese Studies - Patricia L. Maclachlan

Daniel Aldrich's book should be read by anyone interested in Japanese politics in general and those who want to have a deeper understanding of the politics behind the siting of what Aldrich calls 'public bads’: facilities that impose costs directly upon a community.

Journal of Asian Studies - Linda Hasunuma

Site Fights is an impressive book that pushes the reader to reconsider the role of civil society in state policymaking. It is of great interest to scholars in comparative politics and civil society research, activists, and policymakers alike.

Japanese Journal of Political Science

Site Fights is an impressive book that pushes the reader to reconsider the role of civil society in state policymaking. It is of great interest to scholars in comparative politics and civil society research, activists, and policymakers alike.

-- "Japanese Journal of Political Science"

Site Fights makes a very important contribution to both the civil society and comparative politics literatures relating to Japan. It will serve as an excellent text in a graduate-level seminar on Japanese domestic politics and should be of interest to scholars and policymakers interested in environmental issues, state-society relations, and the challenges faced by modern states in their quest to secure expanded sources of energy. Finally, citizen activists in advanced democracies would do well to take heed of one of this book's implied lessons: in order to force state compliance with democratic standards of behavior, you must gaman (persevere).

--Patricia L. Maclachlan "Journal of Japanese Studies"

Although the study is largely a chronicle of failed efforts by civil-society groups to stop public projects in their communities, Aldrich emphasizes that when civil society mobilizes broadly and strongly, it can force the state to use milder tactics and can sometimes even prevail.

--Patricia G. Steinhoff "American Journal of Sociology"

Daniel Aldrich's book should be read by anyone interested in Japanese politics in general and those who want to have a deeper understanding of the politics behind the siting of what Aldrich calls 'public bads' facilities that impose costs directly upon a community.

--Linda Hasunuma "Journal of Asian Studies"

The popular slogan NIMBY--Not in My Back Yard--captures a classic dilemma that confronts policymakers: Although society as a whole requires certain basic public goods, such as energy supplies, improved infrastructure, and transportation hubs, individual communities are often unwilling to bear the localized costs and externalities of hosting these installations. In this fresh, insightful, and creative study, Daniel Aldrich explores the ways in which states decide to site controversial facilities and the types of instruments that public agencies employ to respond to societal opposition against these siting decisions.

--Alexander Cooley "Perspectives on Politics"

The unique contribution of this book lies in its nature as an exercise in comparative public policy. The case studies, which include Japan and France, are very well done and provide empirical evidence for the universal nature of the human reaction to siting dilemmas. They suggest that the strategic interaction between democratic state policy processes and the organizational structure of the civic society involved--including its conventions, values, and legal background--can indeed predict the success or failure of facility siting.

-- "Political Science Quarterly"

From the Publisher

Although the study is largely a chronicle of failed efforts by civil-society groups to stop public projects in their communities, Aldrich emphasizes that when civil society mobilizes broadly and strongly, it can force the state to use milder tactics and can sometimes even prevail.

American Journal of Sociology - Patricia G. Steinhoff