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Overview
Sex and Gender: A Reference Handbook is a single-volume book that introduces a variety of personal, social, political, and ethical issues of concern to every young adult in the United States today. Written in a style that is accessible and engaging for student readers and researchers, this book examines subjects that are rarely discussed for readers of this age group, providing authoritative information on topics such as gender roles, gender development, and gender inequality; body image; sexual differentiation in humans; the range of human affectional expression; sex education; and LGBT discrimination.
Readers of this reference book will examine a number of important current issues relating to sex and gender, such as transgenderism, gender dysphoria, same-sex attraction, the development of gender roles, the changing perspectives on these topics, and other controversial and unresolved issues in American society today. The book also includes a Data and Documents chapter that contains laws, courts cases, and other primary documents that relate to current issues involving sex and gender.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9781440854798 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Bloomsbury Academic |
| Publication date: | 05/12/2017 |
| Series: | Contemporary World Issues |
| Pages: | 384 |
| Product dimensions: | 6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.88(d) |
About the Author
Table of Contents
Preface xv
1 Background and History 3
Introduction 3
Basic Definitions 5
Sex 5
Gender 6
Sexual Differentiation in Humans 9
Disorders of Sexual Development 11
Intersex in History 16
Puberty 19
Gender Development 21
Transgenderism 25
Normal and Natural 25
Transgenderism in History 26
Transgenderism Today 34
Gender Roles 35
Gender Roles in Human Civilization 38
The Rise of Feminism 41
Gender Inequality Today 47
Affectional Orientation 49
Legal Prohibitions on Same-Sex Acts in the United States 52
Civil Rights for LGBT Individuals 53
Attitudes toward Same-Sex Behaviors in the United States 54
The Range of Human Affectional Expression 54
Conclusion 56
References 56
2 Problems, Issues, and Solutions 75
Introduction 75
Transgender Discrimination 76
LGBT Discrimination 80
Sex Education 86
Gender Dysphoria 89
Gender Testing in Athletics 94
Gender Inequality 98
Politics 98
Employment 100
Body Image 108
Conclusion 115
References 116
3 Perspectives 133
Introduction 133
"Come Out! Come Out!": A Battle Cry for Change Philip Bockman Paul Feiler 133
Intersex Human Rights Abuse Veronica Drantz Avery Capaldi Alex McCorry Alexis Mickler Crixs Haligowski 136
Feminisms Coming and Going Mel Ferrara 140
Bringing Feelings to the Diagnostic Criteria of Gender Dysphoria Dean A. Haycock 144
Intersex: Beyond the Sex Binary Axel Keating 147
Living with Gender Dysphoria Whitney McKnight 153
Feminism: Where We've Been and Where We're Going Martha Rampton 156
Sexual Reassignment Surgery: History and Controversy John Galbraith Simmons 161
Gender on a Faceless Internet Katherine Tutt 165
4 Profiles 171
Introduction 171
Accord Alliance 171
American Association of University Women 173
Harry Benjamin (1885-1986) 175
Mary Calderone (1904-1998) 177
Roberta Cowell (1918-2011) 180
Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986) 182
Dsdfamilies 185
Elagabalus (203/204-222) 186
Gender Spectrum 188
GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders 190
Magnus Hirschfeld (1868-1935) 192
Joan of Arc (1412-1431) 194
Franklin Kameny (1925-2011) 197
Alfred Kinsey (1894-1956) 198
Phyllis Lyon (1924-) 201
Del Martin (1921-2008) 202
National Center for Transgender Equality 203
National Eating Disorders Association 205
National Organization for Women 206
Virginia Prince (1912-2009) 208
Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States 210
Shi Pei Pu (1938-2009) 212
Society for the Scientific Study of Sex 214
Tri-Ess 215
Sojourner Truth (ca. 1797-1883) 217
Ella Flagg Young (1845-1918) 219
5 Data and Documents 223
Introduction 223
Data 223
Table 5.1 Partial List of Gender Options Available on Facebook UK 223
Table 5.2 Median Usual Weekly Earnings of Full-time Wage and Salary Workers, by Selected Characteristics, 2014 225
Table 5.3 Sex-Based Charges Filed under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, FY1997-FY2015 228
Table 5.4 Prevalence of 30-day Steroid Use by American Youth, 1991-2015 (percentage of respondents) 230
Table 5.5 Disapproval of Steroid Use by 12th Graders, American Youth, 1990-2015 (percentage of respondents) 231
Documents 232
Civil Rights Act (1964) 232
Federal Regulations for Equal Participation in Sports (1972) 233
City of Chicago v. Wilson (1978) 239
Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. 550 U.S. 618 (2007) 240
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act (2009) 242
Wisconsin Act 219 (2011) 244
Arcadia Resolution Agreement (2013) 245
Treatment of Transgender Employment Discrimination Claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (2014) 248
Truth in Advertising Act (2014) 249
National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India, No. 400 of 2012 (2014) 251
Interim Arbitral Award (2015) 253
North Carolina House Bill 2 (2016) 255
State of Texas, et al. v. United States of America, et al. (2016) 257
Protecting Freedom of Conscience from Government Discrimination Act (Mississippi) (2016) 259
Select Task Force on the Study of Harassment in the Workplace (2016) 261
State Nondiscrimination Laws Based on Sexual Orientation 264
6 Resources 269
Introduction 269
Books 269
Articles 282
Reports 292
Internet 297
7 Chronology 313
Glossary 331
Index 337
About the Author 361