Table of Contents
Foreword 10
Portfolio of Drawings 12
Acknowledgments 27
Preface 29
Introduction: The Martial Ethos
Definition of Bujutsu and Its Specializations 33
The Qualification "Martial" (Bu) and the Exponents of Bujutsu 36
The Qualification "Martial" (Bu) and the Art of War 38
The Military Tradition in the History of Japan 39
Origins of Bujutsu 45
Part I Exponents of Bujutsu: The Bujin
1 The Bushi
The Rise of the Military Class 53
The Military Structure of Tokugawa Society: The Shogun 63
The Daimyo 73
The Military Retainer: The Samurai 80
Education and Status of the Buke 90
The Samurai Woman 103
The Masterless Warrior: The Ronin 107
2 The Heimin
The Farmers 114
The Militant Clergy 118
Artisans and Merchants 125
The Police Forces and the Underworld 129
3 The Centers of Martial Instruction
The Ryu 136
The Sensei 147
Part II Outer Factors of Bujutsu
Weapons and Techniques 159
4 Armed Bujutsu
The Armor 160
Evolution of Japanese Armor 160
Elements of Japanese Armor 169
The Major Martial Arts 195
The Art of Archery 195
The Art of Spear Fighting 207
The Art of Swordsmanship 219
The Art of Military Horsemanship 248
The Art of Swimming in Armor 252
The Minor Martial Arts 255
The Art of the War Fan 255
The Art of the Staff 262
The Art of the Jitte 268
The Collateral Methods of Combat 271
The Art of the Chain and Other Weapons 272
Ninjutsu 279
5 Unarmed Bujutsu
Specializations, Instruments, and Techniques 286
The Art of Wrestling 288
The Military Specializations of Unarmed Bujutsu 294
The Schools of Jujutsu 298
The Schools of Aikijutsu 304
The Arts of Striking 308
The Art of Kiai 316
Part III Inner Factors of Bujutsu
The Invisible Range 321
6 Control and Power
The Foundation 322
The Concept of the Centre 323
The Concept of Intrinsic Energy 326
Applications of Haragei 328
Haragei in Ancient Specializations of Bujutsu 330
Kyujutsu 331
Kenjutsu 333
Sumo 342
Jujutsu 343
Kiaijutsu 346
Haragei in Modern Derivations of Bujutsu 346
Judo 347
Karate 349
Aikido 353
The Martial Synthesis 354
7 Strategic Principles
The Major Strategies 359
Principles of Application 360
The Bilateral Principle in Particular 364
The Attack and the Counterattack 370
The Defense 373
8 Morality of Bujutsu
The Way of the Warrior 376
The Value of Zen in Bujutsu 380
Conclusion: The Evolution of Bujutsu 387
Bibliography 391
Index 395
Charts
1 Bujutsu in Feudal Japan 34
2 Chronology of Japanese History 49-50
3 Class Structure of Tokugawa Society 65
4 The Central Government (bakufii) and Its Major Agencies in Edo 69
5 Classification of Daimyo Ranks According to the Audience Room at the Shogun's Court at Edo 75
6 Structure of the Yamanouchi Clan 76
7 Structure of the Okudaira Clan 77
8 Major Divisions within the Warrior Army in Feudal Japan 81
9 Chinese Classics (myakyo) 92
10 Program of Instruction in the Nisshinkan Institute 97
11 Major Schools of Bujutsu in Feudal Japan 137
12 Ranking System in Modern Derivations of Feudal Bujutsu 143
13 Methods of Unarmed Combat 287
14 Sumo Organization and Ranking System 291
15 Judo Program of Instruction (Kodokan style) 303
16 Major Outlines of Aikido Program of Instruction 307
17 Karate Program of Instruction (Shotokan style) 315
18 Action and Reaction in Judo and Aikido 371
