Reputations

by Juan Gabriel Vásquez, Anne McLean (Translator)

Overview

From the author of The Sound of Things Falling, a powerful novel about a legendary political cartoonist.

Javier Mallarino is a living legend. He is his country’s most influential political cartoonist, the conscience of a nation. A man capable of repealing laws, overturning judges’ decisions, and destroying politicians’ careers with his art. His weapons are pen and ink. Those in power fear him and pay him homage.

After four decades of a brilliant career, he’s at the height of his powers. But this all changes when he’s paid an unexpected visit by a young woman who upends his personal history and forces him to reconsider his life and work, questioning his position in the world.

In Reputations, Juan Gabriel Vásquez examines the weight of the past, how a public persona intersects with private histories, the burdens and surprises of memory. In this intimate novel, Vásquez once again brilliantly plumbs universal experiences to create a masterly story, one that reverberates long after you turn the final page.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780698179042
Publisher:	Penguin Publishing Group
Publication date:	09/20/2016
Sold by:	Penguin Group
Format:	eBook
Pages:	208
File size:	625 KB

About the Author

Juan Gabriel Vásquez’s previous books include the 2014 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award winner and national bestseller, The Sound of Things Falling, as well as the award-winning The Informers, The Secret History of Costaguana, and the story collection Lovers on All Saints’ Day. Vásquez’s novels have been published in twenty-five languages worldwide. After sixteen years in France, Belgium, and Spain, he now lives in Bogotá.
 
Anne McLean translates Latin American and Spanish novels, short stories, memoirs, and other writings. She has twice won the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize, and received the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award with Juan Gabriel Vásquez for The Sound of Things Falling. She lives in Toronto.

Editorial Reviews

Juan Gabriel Vásquez is a cold-case novelist, a writer whose characters — though not detectives — investigate the long lost and almost forgotten. In The Sound of Things Falling, the 2013 novel with which the Colombian Vásquez broke through to a large and appreciative North American audience, a law professor looks into the life of his murdered billiards partner, an inquiry that leads back to the death of the man's wife years earlier and to the violence of drug cartels in the 1980s. In Reputations, the protagonist thinks of Colombia as an "amnesiac country obsessed with the present," a "narcissistic country where not even the dead are capable of burying their dead. Forgetfulness was the only democratic thing in Colombia: it covered them all, the good and the bad, the murderers and heroes." Vásquez doesn't forget. The narrator of his first novel, The Informers, attempts to understand why his father contributed to the detention of immigrants in Colombia during World War II. Vásquez's second novel, The Secret History of Costaguana, goes further back in history to imagine the protagonist's relation to Joseph Conrad, his Nostromo, and the creation of the Panama Canal.

The three earlier novels had the leisurely sprawl of oral storytelling, digressions and inventions, historical facts and temporal gaps. At 187 large-print pages, Reputations is shorter and tighter. It takes place in two settings over three days and resembles a closet drama, a play about closeting the past. The protagonist, the sixty-five-year-old newspaper caricaturist Javier Mallarino, is being officially celebrated in Bogotá as a national hero for his forty years of fearless political cartoons. The next day, a young woman named Samanta comes up to his mountain home, ostensibly to interview Mallarino for a blog — in fact, she wants access to his house. At the celebration she recognized slide-show images of the interior and remembered that she had been there once twenty-eight years before to play with Mallarino's daughter, Beatriz.

Samanta wants to know what Mallarino remembers of that night, so Part Two is a detailed but inconclusive flashback to the visit and its aftermath. During a housewarming party, the seven-year-old girls drained the dregs of drinks and were put to bed unconscious. Something happened (I'm being purposely vague here) that caused Mallarino to draw the next day a caricature that ruined the life of a politician attending the party — and perhaps eventually caused his death. Pressed to recall by Samanta, Mallarino, rather self- servingly, thinks of the "past as a watery creature with imprecise contours, a sort of deceitful, dishonest amoeba that can't be investigated because, looking for it again under the microscope, we find that it's not there, and we suspect that it's gone, but we soon realize it has changed shape and is now impossible to recognize."

Because only one person can resolve the uncertainties of that night, in Part Three Samanta and Mallarino come down from the mountain intending to interview this informant, though both are ambivalent about knowing the truth — Samanta because she was happy before memory intruded on her present, Mallarino because he may have defamed an innocent man in the past and may have his artistic reputation in the future soiled should the interview be made public.

The visit by Samanta seems like a recipe for a familiar sort of confrontation, but the appeal of Reputations is not its quickly concatenating plot but the questions about the motives for and the effects of events. Looking back at three days and twenty- eight years, Mallarino and readers have to consider if his prideful certitude about the accuracy of his physical intuitions and about the gadfly effects of his art may have fractured three families: his own, because his wife and he split years before over the threat of reprisals from the powers he mocked; the family of the politician, who left behind two young sons; and Samanta's family, abandoned by her father when she was fifteen, perhaps because of that evening at Mallarino's house. Though his caricatures serve the public by speaking presumed truth to power in dangerous times, we discover that Mallarino enjoys his subjects' "humiliation," a much-repeated word rhyming with the title. Whether or not he achieves a saving humility at the end readers will decide.

Vásquez's first historical inquiries were humble in their engagement with history, raiding archives but also proposing counterfactuals, playfully calling attention to their own fictionality, more surprised and bemused than enraged at the past unearthed. Their versions of history entertain and instruct but do not insist. The investigation of history becomes more serious for the protagonist of The Sound of Things Falling, who ultimately recognizes his obsession with the past has endangered relations with his wife and daughter. Reputations extends the danger of remembering, for Samanta, Mallarino, the newspaper for which he works, and the public that believes in him as the national conscience may all be affected if a disturbing secret is exposed.

"Life turns us into caricatures of ourselves," Mallarino says at the celebration of his career. Vásquez's characters are not exactly caricatures but are given little space to develop. The novel, though, is like a mathematical gnomon, adding to and caricaturing Vásquez's earlier works, presenting a small sketch in black and white of their complex amplitude. When Mallarino can't think of a contemporary political subject to satirize, he sends his editor a caricature of himself. Perhaps Reputations is a self- examination, Vásquez's second — or fourth — thought about his cold case orientation and earlier narrative methods. Mallarino wonders if his amusing caricatures have served only to defuse political discontent. Maybe Vásquez wonders if his entertaining stories could have more efficaciously attacked the Colombian "forgetfulness" Mallarino diagnoses. At sixty-five, Mallarino has difficulty imagining his future. At forty-three and recently returned from many years in Europe to live in Colombia, Vásquez may be imagining in Reputations his possible future as an artist, creating a self-cautioning tale about the temptation of artistic and cultural pride. Most probable, though, is that Reputations intends to comment on tendentiously political artists, novelists, and others who are, like Mallarino, cocksure about their representations of and interventions in public life. Vásquez's plural title refers to his protagonist's repute, to the reputations of others whom he may have sullied, and possibly to artists who achieve their reputations through ideological affinities in the politicized literary landscapes of Latin America.

Vásquez's first three novels have first-person narrators with distinctive voices. Vásquez uses limited omniscience in Reputations, and I think it an unhappy choice. Vásquez has a remarkable lightness of touch given his subjects. Though briskly paced, Reputations is sometimes heavy with the kind of ponderousness that omniscience seems to encourage, as in the following passage about couples:

They too were worn down by the diverse strategies that life has to wear lovers down, too many trips or too much togetherness, the accumulated weight of lies or stupidity or lack of tact or mistakes, the things said at the wrong time, with immoderate or inappropriate words, or those that, the appropriate words not having been found, were never said; or worn down too by a bad memory, yes, by the inability to remember what's essential and live within it (to remember what once made the other happy: How many lovers had succumbed to that negligent forgetting?), and by the inability, as well, to get ahead of all that wearing down and deterioration, to get ahead of the lies, the stupidity, the lack of tact, the mistakes, the things that shouldn't be said, and the silences that should be avoided . . .

Because the passage doesn't really sound like Mallarino, its repetitiveness leaves the impression that Vásquez is trying to add weight, as well as length, with generalizations about situations that have been only minimally dramatized in the novel. While Vásquez's other three novels seem to have been selected from a large stock of materials outside the works' frames, Reputations appears to have been expanded from limited material to novel length. Mallarino paraphrases Michelangelo when the caricaturist thinks about "trying to extract the sculpture from the stone." It's difficult to imagine what Vásquez may have chipped away from Reputations.

Vásquez has said Reputations "was written in the spirit of the short novels I love, those concentrated studies of one character in his predicament." Although he doesn't specify those novels, in interviews he often mentions American writers — such as DeLillo and Roth — as influences, and has said Reputations seems to him more like an American novel than his other books. The context here remains political, but the past to be investigated is highly personal and, as Vásquez has said, "intimate." Both DeLillo and Roth have written short novels about old male writers reconsidering their personal failures — Point Omega and Exit Ghost — but Reputations is closest in its outlines to a novel that Vásquez has specifically referred to: Bellow's Mr. Sammler's Planet, in which an elderly, isolated, and proud commentator on contemporary politics and sexuality learns humility at the end of the novel.

An admirer of Vásquez's wider and larger novels, I'm both disappointed by and fascinated with Reputations. I can say that for those who don't know his earlier work, this new novel may be a good place to begin, a Vásquez primer in cold-case forensics and unsolved mysteries, an introduction with American echoes. Reputations also shouldn't diminish his faithful readers' respect, for Vásquez is an artist who experiments with the form, narration, and tone of his work — unlike the artist he puts at the center of his novel. For those familiar with his fiction, Reputations is a provocative coda to what's come so far, a work that again solicits reexamination of the past — this time Vásquez's own.

Tom LeClair is the author of five novels, two critical books, and hundreds of essays and reviews in nationally circulated periodicals. He can be reached at [e-mail].

Reviewer: Tom LeClair

The Barnes & Noble Review

The novel's brilliance is that we, wanting to know what happened to that sleeping girl, become Mallarino's accomplices; the novel's genius is that we, greedy for certainty, become Mallarino's prey. Like Samanta we are left with something unforgettable. In our case, it's the chill and the pleasure in recognizing the impossibility and the inevitability of living with undefined memory…Reputations can be read and enjoyed on many levels: for its reflections on art, memory and fate; for its account of recent Colombian history at a slant, which is Vásquez's trademark approach; for its Jungian exploration of lives intersecting…Anne McLean's translation is elegant. Reading a text not in its original language, one still shivers when encountering sentences written and rendered with precision and beauty.

The New York Times Book Review - Yiyun Li

07/04/2016
Javier Mallarino, renowned political cartoonist, has reached the apex of his career. He’s feted at a ceremony with speeches and a commemorative stamp while his estranged wife (whom he loves) watches from the audience. But a film tribute shown during the program triggers something in the memory of another woman in the audience, unraveling several lives as the past is revisited. Mallarino is forced to reexamine, through the eyes of this woman, the very basis of his reputation, an accusation of sexual misconduct he implied in a caricature that destroyed the career of a politician and eventually led to his death. Colombia’s violent past has receded in this Bogotá-set novel; instead the author seeks to distill the nation’s collective experience into universal truths that transcend history. In McLean’s translation, Vásquez’s prose is luminous, the spooling and unspooling of his characters’ thoughts convincing and powerful. One of Vásquez’s greatest conundrums is the confluence of the public and private—how little control the individual has, how easily a life is made or ruined by events or the will of others. (Sept.)

Publishers Weekly

"The novel’s brilliance is that we, wanting to know what happened to that sleeping girl, become Mallarino’s accomplices; the novel’s genius is that we, greedy for certainty, become Mallarino’s prey. Like Samanta we are left with something unforgettable... Masterly." —Yiyun Li, New York Times Book Review

"Reputations is a profound, exquisitely observed, suspenseful and deeply moving novel. It confirms his status as one of the very finest writers of our time." —San Francisco Chronicle

"[A]n account of an old cartoonist eyeing his past and the shifting forms of perception, memory and truth. Brilliant." —Financial Times

"Vásquez is a penetrating force, and the most pressing Colombian writer today… Reputations is a powerful, concentrated achievement. It makes clear that our memories, and even the things we've forgotten, can come back to haunt us and make us question the true cost of our actions.” —NPR

"[S]pare but powerful.... A brisk and sophisticated study of a conscience in crisis." —Kirkus (STARRED)

"[A] captivating and thought-provoking experience." —Library Journal (STARRED)

“In this quick, disquieting read, internationally acclaimed Colombian writer Vásquez explores the reaches of the power employed almost casually by a famous and influential political cartoonist…Vásquez has crafted an effective indictment of sacred cows, no matter how well-meaning and clever.” —Booklist

“Vásquez's prose is luminous, the spooling and unspooling of his characters’ thoughts convincing and powerful.” —Publishers Weekly

“The passing of Gabriel García Márquez certainly left a void in the literary world, but if there is a contemporary author capable of redirecting readers’ attention back to Colombian fiction it is Juan Gabriel Vásquez… Apart from the inventive plot and Vásquez’s knack for colorful similes, the writer’s mastery of tense shines throughout the novel, which dances from the present to the past to the future… The reader is left with plenty to ponder regarding morality and intention, the business of exposing hypocrisy, the dangers of fame, and the malleability of memory.” —Nylon

"Vásquez, who likely came to your attention with 2010’s scathing The Informers and certainly made your reading list with The Sound of Things Falling, the 2014 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award winner, returns with a reverberant new work about a life suddenly challenged... [The] response has been ecstatic." —Library Journal


Praise for Juan Gabriel Vásquez

"The narrative escalates, the mystery deepens, and the scope of the story widens with each page. This terrific novel draws on Colombia's tragic history and cycles of violence to tell the story of a troubled man trying to come to grips with the distant forces and events that have shaped his life."
—Khaled Hosseini

"A fine and frightening study of how the past preys upon the present..."
—John Banville

"I felt myself under the spell of a masterful writer. Juan Gabriel Vásquez has many gifts—intelligence, wit, energy, a deep vein of feeling—but he uses them so naturally that soon enough one forgets one's amazement at his talents, and then the strange, beautiful sorcery of his tale takes hold."
—Nicole Krauss

"Juan Gabriel Vásquez is one of the most original new voices of Latin American literature."
—Mario Vargas Llosa

"For anyone who has read the entire works of Gabriel García Márquez and is in search of a new Colombian novelist... a thrilling new discovery."
—Colm Tóibín


Praise for The Sound of Things Falling
 
"[A] Brilliant new novel...gripping...absorbing right to the end. The Sound of Things Falling may be a page turner, but it's also a deep meditation on fate and death." —Edmund White, The New York Times Book Review

"Deeply affecting and closely observed." —Hector Tobar, Los Angeles Times

"Like Bolaño, [Vásquez] is a master stylist and a virtuoso of patient pacing and intricate structure, and he uses the novel for much the same purpose that Bolaño did: to map the deep, cascading damage done to our world by greed and violence and to concede that even love can’t repair it." —Lev Grossman, Time Magazine

"Juan Gabriel Vasquez is a considerable writer. The Sound of Things Falling is an artful, ruminative mystery... And the reader comes away haunted by its strong playing out of an irreversible fate." —E. L. Doctorow

"Razor-sharp" —O, the Oprah Magazine
 
“An undoubted talent… Introspective and personal.” —The Wall Street Journal

“Vásquez creates characters whose memories resonate powerfully across an ingeniously interlocking structure…Vásquez creates a compelling literary work—one where an engaging narrative envelops poignant memories of a fraught historical period.” —The New Republic

“The Sound of Things Falling is a masterful chronicle of how the violence between the cartels and government forces spilled out to affect and corrode ordinary lives. It is also Vásquez's finest work to date….  His stark realism — the flip side of the magical variation of his compatriot Gabriel Garcia Marquez — together with his lyrical treatment of memory produces both an electrifying and a sobering read.” —Malcolm Forbes, San Francisco Chronicle

“Haunting… Vásquez brilliantly and sensitively illuminates the intimate effects and whispers of life under siege, and the moral ambiguities that inform survival.” –Cleveland Plain Dealer

From the Publisher

★ 08/01/2016
Political cartoonist Javier Mallarino has earned a fearsome reputation; his powerful and effective caricatures are more influential than politicians themselves in ruining people's lives, rescinding laws, and toppling ministries. At a reception after a celebration honoring his 40-year career, he unexpectedly meets Samanta Leal, who reminds him of an incident that occurred 28 years earlier when an unpopular legislator, Adolfo Cuéllar, may have molested her. Javier didn't wait for an investigation but instead assumed him guilty and the next day exposed the perpetrator in a cartoon, precipitating the legislator's resignation and eventual suicide. Now, looking back, he questions the veracity of the accusation and the ethics of his vocation. Vásquez explores both the environment that permits the creation of all-powerful reputations and the amoral ease with which they can be destroyed. In that fine thin line between satire and slander, are individuals responsible, or are they just pawns of the influence wielded by the media? Vásquez also uses one of his favorite themes—the power of memory—that proved so effective in his celebrated The Sound of Things Falling. VERDICT This fourth novel by one of the newest generation of Colombian writers will appeal to readers seeking a captivating and thought-provoking experience. [See Prepub Alert, 3/7/16.]—Lawrence Olszewski, North Central State Coll., Mansfield, OH

Library Journal

Capturing a cast of characters in Colombia, narrator Robert Fass brings a quiet subtlety to this story of a man facing crisis at the end of his career. This short novel considers the life of Javier Mallinaro, a revered political cartoonist who is about to receive public recognition for his life’s work. However, this affirmation of his career is dampened when he discovers that having depicted a public figure in his work years ago may have led to tragic consequences. Javier, a principled man, must consider the ramifications of this possibility at this late stage of his life and career. Listeners will appreciate Fass’s erudite yet powerful performance. S.P.C. © AudioFile 2016, Portland, Maine

OCTOBER 2016 - AudioFile

Capturing a cast of characters in Colombia, narrator Robert Fass brings a quiet subtlety to this story of a man facing crisis at the end of his career. This short novel considers the life of Javier Mallinaro, a revered political cartoonist who is about to receive public recognition for his life’s work. However, this affirmation of his career is dampened when he discovers that having depicted a public figure in his work years ago may have led to tragic consequences. Javier, a principled man, must consider the ramifications of this possibility at this late stage of his life and career. Listeners will appreciate Fass’s erudite yet powerful performance. S.P.C. © AudioFile 2016, Portland, Maine

OCTOBER 2016 - AudioFile

★ 2016-07-03
A Colombian political cartoonist has second thoughts about a takedown he delivered decades earlier.As Vásquez’s spare but powerful novel opens, Javier is comfortably settled into a long career as an acclaimed satirist: luminaries pack a theater for an event celebrating his life, culminating with the announcement of a postage stamp bearing his likeness. (Even his estranged wife is in attendance.) The good feelings are wrecked the next day, however, with the arrival in his remote home of Samanta, who wants to discuss some history. Twenty-eight years earlier she was a friend of Javier’s daughter, Beatriz, and one evening the pair of 7-year-olds accidentally got drunk on the dregs of the glasses at a party. The next day Javier, projecting his anxieties, drew a cartoon suggesting a congressman who attended the party was a pedophile, though he wasn’t near the girls. From there, Vásquez (The Sound of Things Falling, 2014, etc.) contemplates the fickle nature of reputations and how callowness and selfishness can engineer their destruction. “Life turns us into caricatures of ourselves,” Javier bemusedly observes during the celebration of his career, but as the story progresses it’s clear he’s spent little time thinking that he himself might be affected by a lifetime of exaggerating flaws and mocking foibles—and ignoring his own anger and neglectfulness. Samanta and Javier’s investigation of the fate of the ruined congressman and his family troubles those around him: “The last thing you want to do is start asking questions,” his editor tells him, a peculiar utterance from a newspaperman. Though the scope is less broad than Vásquez’s other novels, it has plenty of philosophical bite, and he’s savvy about our private urges to preen and elevate ourselves. A brisk and sophisticated study of a conscience in crisis.

Kirkus Reviews