Psychology: 50 Essential Ideas

Psychology: 50 Essential Ideas

Psychology: 50 Essential Ideas

Psychology: 50 Essential Ideas

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Overview

How do we learn? What is memory? How do we know how to behave?

The formal study of psychology as a scientific enterprise began in Germany in the late 19th century but the observation of human behaviour dates back to Ancient Greece. Defined as the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes, psychology has attained a range of branches including clinical, cognitive, developmental, evolutionary, forensic, health and neuropsychology. In a wide ranging, highly illustrated book, readers are introduced to the world of psychology and those who formed the science as we know it.

With discussion of a number of key ideas including prejudice and discrimination, social cognition, how we develop attitudes and why and how we fall in love, as well as reference to the people who developed these ideas, the book is an accessible guide to this fascinating subject.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781398821446
Publisher: Arcturus Publishing
Publication date: 07/01/2022
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Sales rank: 289,044
File size: 8 MB

About the Author

Emily Ralls studied Psychology at the University of Portsmouth, specialising in evolutionary psychology and primate communication. She is now a college lecturer in West Sussex. She is the author with Caroline Riggs of The Little Book of Psychology.

Tom Collins studied at the Institute of Education (UCL) and has worked as a lecturer of social science. He is particularly interested in the psychological demands of extreme environments and sport psychology.

Table of Contents

Introduction 6

1 Introspection 7

2 Structuralism 11

3 Gestalt Psychology 14

4 Perception 18

5 Psychodynamic Theory 25

6 Psychosexual Stages 27

7 The Tripartite Mind 30

8 Dream Analysis 32

9 Humanistic Psychology 35

10 The Behavioural Approach 40

11 Classical Conditioning 42

12 Operant Conditioning 47

13 Social Psychology 50

14 Conformity 53

15 Minority Influence 56

16 Obedience 59

17 Social Roles 62

18 Groupthink 65

19 The Bystander Effect 69

20 Biological Approach 72

21 Localization of Function in the Brain 74

22 Brain Scanning Techniques 78

23 Neurotransmission 82

24 Neuroplasticity 85

25 Cognitive Psychology 89

26 Memory Models 94

27 Coding and Short-term Memory 97

28 Developmental Psychology and Learning 100

29 Social Learning Theory 104

30 Cognitive Development and Schemas 107

31 Zone of Proximal Development 110

32 Moral Development 115

33 Intelligence Theories 120

34 Human Intelligence 125

35 Animal Intelligence 130

36 Attachment 136

37 Language Development 141

38 Positive Psychology 146

39 Mindfulness 149

40 Applications 152

41 Stress 156

42 Isolation 163

43 Sleep 168

44 Personality 173

45 Fear 177

46 Aggression 183

47 Deindividuation 188

48 Criminal Psychology 192

49 Psychology as a Science 197

50 Controversies in Psychology 201

Index 206

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