Professing Criticism: Essays on the Organization of Literary Study

by John Guillory

Overview

A sociological history of literary study—both as a discipline and as a profession.
 
As the humanities in higher education struggle with a labor crisis and with declining enrollments, the travails of literary study are especially profound. No scholar has analyzed the discipline’s contradictions as authoritatively as John Guillory. In this much-anticipated new book, Guillory shows how the study of literature has been organized, both historically and in the modern era, both before and after its professionalization. The traces of this volatile history, he reveals, have solidified into permanent features of the university. Literary study continues to be troubled by the relation between discipline and profession, both in its ambivalence about the literary object and in its anxious embrace of a professionalism that betrays the discipline’s relation to its amateur precursor: criticism. 

In a series of timely essays, Professing Criticism offers an incisive explanation for the perennial churn in literary study, the constant revolutionizing of its methods and objects, and the permanent crisis of its professional identification. It closes with a robust outline of five key rationales for literary study, offering a credible account of the aims of the discipline and a reminder to the professoriate of what they already do, and often do well.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780226821306
Publisher:	University of Chicago Press
Publication date:	12/30/2022
Pages:	464
Sales rank:	322,226
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 8.90(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

John Guillory is the Julius Silver Professor of English at New York University. He is coeditor of What’s Left of Theory? New Work on the Politics of Theory and the author of Cultural Capital: The Problem of Literary Canon Formation and Poetic Authority: Spenser, Milton, and Literary History.

Table of Contents

Preface

Part One: The Formation and Deformation of Literary Study
Chapter 1 Institution of Professions
Chapter 2 Professing Criticism
Chapter 3 Critique of Critical Criticism

Part Two: Organizing Literature: Foundations, Antecedents, Consequences
Chapter 4 Monuments and Documents: On the Object of Study in the Humanities
Chapter 5 The Postrhetorical Condition
Chapter 6 Two Failed Disciplines: Belles Lettres and Philology
Chapter 7 The Location of Literature
Chapter 8 The Contradictions of Global English

Part Three: Professionalization and Its Discontents
Chapter 9 On the Permanent Crisis of Graduate Education
Chapter 10 Evaluating Scholarship in the Humanities
Chapter 11 Composition and the Demand for Writing
Chapter 12 The Question of Lay Reading
Conclusion: Ratio Studiorum
Acknowledgments
Index

Editorial Reviews

"Professing Criticism offers a rigorous assessment of the major tendencies in contemporary literary studies and a strong argument for the continuing relevance of English in the 21st-century university."

Literary Review

"Professing Criticism is so comprehensive an analysis of the field of criticism that it even contains an argument in defense of scholarly projects that are thirty years (or thereabouts) in the making. This is a book that aspires to see the profession of literary study steadily and see it whole: from the origins of academic literary study to the 'method wars' of the past two decades, from the difficulties besetting the evaluation of scholarship in the humanities to the collapse of the academic job market and the consequences of that collapse for graduate programs, from the place of composition in English departments to the rise of global English, Professing Criticism has an argument for you."

Cultural Critique - Michael Bérubé

Professing Criticism is the distillation of a lifetime’s quest by one of our most deeply learned, searching, and principled literary scholars to understand literary studies in its long history of changing extrinsic relations with society, internal tectonic shifts as a discipline, and current structural diminishment. Guillory’s grand argument about literary studies as part of the sociology of knowledge is sweeping, and his analyses of the perennial confusions about the objects and modes of literary criticism are acute. ‘These conditions must be acknowledged if the professoriate is ever to overcome its tendency to construct literary study as something more than it can be and less than it should be,’ he writes—a sentence that captures the poised essence of his challenge to, yet affirmation of, literary study as a diminished, but not therefore to be relinquished, discipline.

Alan Liu

"Professing Criticism is ambitious and impressively learned, an extraordinarily deep and illuminating immersion in the history and sociology of professionalism, European literature, and critical theory."

The American Prospect - Michael Stern

"An exhaustive and careful history of the institutional study of literature that contextualizes its roots from ancient Greece to the modern American multiversity."

Law & Liberty

"Three decades ago, Guillory’s influential Cultural Capital attacked the whole premise of the canon wars. The combatants assumed that it mattered meaningfully for creation of an inclusive social world what people read in literature classrooms. They mistook or substituted the exclusionary classroom for a possibly inclusive social world. These arguments are revisited and deepened in Professing Criticism, which warns against examining 'the school' in isolation from the total world."

Public Books - Sarah Brouillette

"For those of us who value not only literature but the idiosyncratic legacy of academic literary studies, Guillory does not bring good or welcome news. Of course, that doesn’t mean he’s wrong."

New York Review of Books - Evan Kindley

"John Guillory's Professing Criticism is in every way an admirable book. It is deeply learned, sharp in its observations, unquestionably sincere in its effort to rehabilitate and reorganize the study of literature, and above all correct: literary study has indeed lost sight of its original, underlying purpose, has become too dispersed in its curricular organization, and has become helplessly caught in the shifting winds of every new and passing critical trend that comes along."

The Reading Experience

"It deserves to be read and pondered by everyone teaching in departments of English and modern languages."

Modern Language Review - Ritchie Robertson

"John Guillory has written a thoughtful and wide-ranging book in which he refuses to let the aura of crisis prompt him to blame literary colleagues who abandoned some supposedly perfect approach to chase critical fashions, or on students allegedly concerned only to prepare for lucrative professions."

Critical Inquiry

"Professing Criticism is a thorough and complex work of scholarship. It’s also a bracing call for literary scholars to significantly reform how they think about their profession and its relationship to their students and the reading public in general. At its core is a challenge that is simultaneously reasonable and radical: professors of literary study must be more modest in their aims and promises to suit the realities of their field in the twenty-first century."

Public Discourse

"[Guillory’s] goal is to understand how the practice of criticism, which flourished in the journalism of the 19th century, became a university discipline. . . . The questions Guillory poses have a long history but a new urgency before what seems like a precipice: Will literary studies continue as a professional activity, and if so, in what form? And might professionalism itself inhibit the changes that need to happen in the field?"

The Nation - Nicholas Dames

If there is a more thoughtful, penetrating, insightful, trenchant, acerbic, scathing or original analysis of a scholarly discipline than John Guillory’s Professing Criticism, I have yet to see it. Partly a history and in part a sociology of English as a profession, Professing Criticism is an extraordinary book, truly a landmark work of scholarship and interpretation.”
 

Inside Higher Ed

Professing Criticism promises to be a landmark in the study of higher education. . . . Professing Criticism will set the terms of discussion about the English department for a long time. But it will resonate outwards, too—historians of the humanities writ large will find in this book enormous resources, though they will need to be translated carefully from one disciplinary setting to others.

The Chronicle of Higher Education - Len Gutkin

"One of the most brilliant recent accounts of our subject. . . Guillory’s reading of the reciprocity of document and monument is genuinely illuminating and important when it comes to literary research."

Modern Philology

"A very knowledgeable and incisive analysis of the state of literary studies today."

Australian Book Review

"John Guillory has produced a virtuoso display of what scholarship at its most honest, self-aware best can accomplish."

College Literature

In Professing Criticism, [Guillory] takes on an even bigger question: What is literary criticism—specifically, the kind of highly specialized, theoretically sophisticated textual readings generated by academic critics—really for?"

The New York Times - Jennifer Schuessler

"Professing Criticism will set the terms of discussion about the English department for a long time. But it will resonate outwards, too — historians of the humanities writ large will find in this book enormous resources, though they will need to be translated carefully from one disciplinary setting to others."

The Chronicle of Higher Education

"Professing Criticism is a sociology of criticism, an argument about how, during the twentieth century, the practice evolved from a wide-ranging amateur pursuit, requiring no specialist training or qualifications, into a profession and a discipline housed within the academy. . . . The profession of literary study as it is currently institutionalized in the university may not be the place from which the journey toward a future criticism begins. To sit alongside Guillory on his high perch, or maybe a branch or two higher, is not to dream of the past or to mourn the present. It is to scan new horizons for the second coming of the critic."

The New Yorker - Merve Emre

Professing Criticism offers a brilliantly exacting, politically confronting analysis of why the study of literature is unlike other disciplines of the university and what its distinctive history means for its ability to serve a clear social purpose today. Fearless in his account of how and why we practitioners of criticism so often misplace and exaggerate our contributions to political life, Guillory defines the terms for the conversations we need to be having now: conversations about the scope and purposes of criticism in a public sphere where literature is no longer central; about the relation of print to unrestricted digital media platforms; about the diversity of the demand for writing today and our role in teaching it; and about the forms of knowledge we can offer a society in which interpretation of texts is a specialist way of making sense of the world.

University of Oxford Helen Small

"The most penetrating, and in some ways most original, study we have of the forces that have shaped the history of literary study, especially in the US. . . . Professing Criticism does not fit any familiar category: it is the work of an original intelligence taking seriously the various responsibilities involved in trying to understand how the present state of literary study emerged out of its history."

London Review of Books - Stefan Collini