Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Action
219Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Action
219(New Edition)
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Overview
For those engaged in a struggle against this modern-day epidemic, Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes provides cutting-edge research to energize current efforts in diabetes prevention, management, and treatment. The most in-depth and up-to-date book on the topic, Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes presents a series of independent but related chapters authored by the foremost researchers of insulin resistance examining topics such as these:
-Physical inactivity as a primary cause for the rising incidence of insulin resistance
-The emergence of an “exercise-deficient” phenotype
-The effects of exercise training on selected aspects of substrate metabolism
-The role of endurance and resistance training programs for the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance
-The identification of new molecular targets and pathways useful for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes provides a four-part, in-depth examination of the relational nature of diabetes and physical activity. Part I begins with a description of the scope and extent of the “diabesity” epidemic. The risk factors for diabetes, the underlying causes of the epidemic, and its potential consequences are outlined as well as the role of physical inactivity in the pathogenesis of diabetes and plans for preventive exercise biology.
Part II continues with an examination of some of the major defects of substrate metabolism in individuals with insulin resistance, while in part III the authors discuss the impact of exercise interventions in the prevention, management, and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Part IV presents recent developments in molecular and cellular biology that may provide treatment therapies for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Based on extensive research, Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes presents a wealth of information to assist the biomedical and research community in creating prescriptive therapeutic tools for type 2 diabetes intervention—and offers hope for the alleviation of the global epidemic of insulin resistance.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9780736064798 |
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Publisher: | Human Kinetics Publishers |
Publication date: | 04/18/2008 |
Edition description: | New Edition |
Pages: | 219 |
Product dimensions: | 8.50(w) x 11.10(h) x 0.90(d) |
Age Range: | 18 Years |
About the Author
A fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine and a member of the American Physiological Society, Hawley serves as an editorial board member for the American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sports Medicine, the International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, the International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, and the Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation. Hawley is also a regular reviewer for many international journals.
In 1990, Hawley received the Medical Research Council (MRC) Scholarship for Outstanding Foreign Researcher from the South Africa MRC (1990-1992), which is awarded to assist doctoral studies in medical physiology. Hawley completed his PhD in physiology in 1993 while studying at the University of Cape Town Medical School, South Africa.
Hawley has published more than 150 papers in medical, biochemical, and sport science journals, three books, and 15 book chapters and has served as a visiting lecturer for the University of Otago, New Zealand; the African International Olympic Committee Sports Medicine Program; and the International Olympic Committee Sports Medicine Program. As an invited speaker at conferences and symposiums throughout Europe, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and Malaysia, Hawley speaks on a range of subjects, including exercise as a therapy for the prevention of metabolic syndrome, mechanisms for improvements in insulin resistance after physical activity, the relationship of exercise to insulin resistance and diabetes, and nutritional strategies and exercise performance.
Juleen R. Zierath, PhD, is professor of physiology and head of the section of integrative physiology in the department of surgical science, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, and an adjunct professor of biochemistry at Boston University School of Medicine.
Zierath leads an active research group consisting of members representing 10 countries. Through clinical and experimental research approaches, her group has unraveled the signaling mechanisms that mediate hormone action to promote glucose and lipid metabolism. In collaboration with a leading pharmaceutical company, she has contributed to the discovery of a nonprotein insulin receptor agonist that may offer a new type of oral treatment for people with diabetes. Her group collaborates with leading research groups from Scandinavia, Europe, Asia, and North America and is primarily funded by the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Strategic Research Foundation, and the European Union.
She has published more than 150 peer-reviewed scientific papers, including 35 review articles in journals focused on endocrinology, metabolism, diabetes mellitus, and exercise physiology. She has also coauthored a textbook with Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson on the subject of skeletal muscle metabolism.
Zierath is the recipient of numerous awards, including the Minkowski Award from the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, the Fernstrom Award from Karolinska Institutet, and a Future Research Leader Award from the Foundation for Strategic Research, Sweden.
Table of Contents
Part I: Aetiology of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: Prevalence and Consequences of the “Diabesity” EpidemicChapter 1: The Increasing Burden of Type 2 Diabetes: Magnitude, Causes, and Implications of the EpidemicEdward W. Gregg, PhD, and Andrea K. Kriska, PhDTrends in Prevalence and IncidenceRisk Factors for Diabetes and Causes of the EpidemicDeterminants of Recent Trends in the EpidemicAnticipated Consequences of Diabetes and the Outlook for PreventionConcluding Remarks
Chapter 2: Waging War on Type 2 Diabetes: Primary Prevention Through Exercise Biology Frank W. Booth, Manu V. Chakravarthy, and Matthew J. LayeScope of the ProblemRationale for actionPhysical Inactivity's Contributing Role in the Pathogenesis of DiabetesNew AmmunitionsFuture Battle PlansConcluding Remarks
Part II: Defects in Metabolism and Insulin Resistance
Chapter 3: Fatty Acid Uptake and Insulin ResistanceArend Bonen, Adrian Chabowski, Jan F.C. Glatz, and Joost J.F.P. LuikenLCFAS and Their Uptake Across the SarcolemmaFatty Acid TransportersFatty Acid Transport and Transporters in Human Obesity and Type 2 DiabetesConcluding Remarks
Chapter 4: Lipid Metabolism and Insulin SignalingJason R. Berggren, Leslie A. Consitt, and Joseph A. HoumardLipid Metabolism in Skeletal MuscleThe Insulin-Signaling PathwayDoes Lipid Exposure Impair Insulin Action?Perturbations in Lipid Metabolism, Insulin Signal Transduction, and Insulin Action With Type 2 Diabetes and ObesityThe Exercise ParadoxEffect of Weight Loss on Muscle Lipid Accumulation and Insulin SignalingConcluding Remarks
Chapter 5: Metabolic Inflexibility and Insulin ResistanceBret Goodpaster, PhD, and David E. Kelley, MDSubstrate Utilization During Resting Conditions in Lean, Healthy IndividualsSubstrate Utilization in Insulin-Resistant IndividualsPotential Cellular Mechanisms for Metabolic Flexibility in Fat OxidationEffects of Weight Loss on Metabolic Flexibility in Obesity and T2DMEffects of Exercise Training on Metabolic Flexibility in Obesity and T2DMConcluding Remarks
Chapter 6: Nutrient Sensor Links Obesity With Diabetes RiskSarah Crunkhorn and Mary Elizabeth PattiNutrient Sensing and Control of Food IntakeOvernutrition, Disruption of Homeostatic Control, and Insulin ResistanceCellular Nutrient SensingConcluding Remarks
Chapter 7: Inflammation-Induced Insulin Resistance in Obesity: When Immunity Affects Metabolic ControlPhillip James White and André MaretteObesity Is a Chronic Low-Grade Inflammatory StateEvolution of Inflammation in ObesityLipid MediatorsProtein Kinase MediatorsTranscriptional MediatorsConcluding Remarks
Part III: Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Through Exercise Training
Chapter 8: Transcription Factors Regulating Exercise AdaptationDavid Kitz Krémer and Anna KrookActivation of MAP Kinase SignalingFactor of Activated T Cells (NFAT)Regulation of GLUT4 ExpressionMitochondria Biogenesis and Increased Lipid OxidationExercise-Mediated Regulation of PPARsPeroxisome Proliferators Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator (PGC)-1Concluding Remarks
Chapter 9: Exercise and Calorie Restriction Use Different Mechanisms to Improve Insulin SensitivityGregory D. Cartee, PhDExercise and Calorie Restriction Effects on Skeletal Muscle Energy StatusExercise/Contraction-Stimulated Signaling Pathway for Glucose TransportExercise Training Effects on Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin SignalingEffects of Calorie Restriction Distinct From Weight LossEffects of Calorie Restriction on Insulin Signaling in Skeletal MuscleCombined Effects of Exercise and Calorie RestrictionConcluding Remarks
Chapter 10: Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity and Insulin ResistanceKevin R. ShortAn Overview of Mitochondrial Structure and FunctionEvidence for a Role for Mitochondria in Insulin Resistance and DiabetesEvidence That Mitochondria Are Not Responsible for Insulin ResistanceConcluding Remarks
Chapter 11: Effects of Acute Exercise and Exercise Training on Insulin Action in Skeletal MuscleErik A. Richter and Jorgen F.P. WojtaszewskiExercise and Contraction Signaling in MuscleInsulin Signaling: A WebEffect of a Single Bout of Exercise on Insulin SensitivityEffects of Exercise Training on Insulin ActionConcluding Remarks
Chapter 12: Resistance Exercise Training and the Management of DiabetesJorgen F.P Wojtaszewski, Henriette Pilegaard, and Flemming DelaResistance Training and Insulin SensitivityMechanisms Behind Resistance Training–Induced Improvements in Insulin SensitivityTraining-Induced Gene ExpressionConclusion and PerspectivesConcluding Remarks
Part IV: Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: Identification of Novel Molecular Targets and Pathways
Chapter 13: AMPK: The Master Switch for Type 2 Diabetes?W.W. Winder and D.M ThomsonDiscoveries Suggesting AMPK Could Be Important for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 DiabetesCould Type 2 Diabetes Be a Consequence of Deficiency in AMPK Signaling?How Can AMPK Activation Help Prevent Type 2 Diabetes?Can Chemical AMPK Activation Prevent Diabetes? Feasibility of Using AMPK ActivatorsFuture DirectionsConcluding Remarks
Chapter 14: Protein Kinase C and Insulin ResistanceCarsten Schmitz-PeifferThe PKC Family of Serine or Threonine KinasesRoles for PKC in Normal Glucose HomeostasisPKC and Defective Glucose DisposalConcluding Remarks
Chapter 15: Evidence for the Prescription of Exercise as a Therapy for the Treatment of Patients With Type 2 DiabetesSarah J. Lessard and John A. HawleyOptions for the Treatment of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 DiabetesMolecular Evidence for the Prescription of Exercise TrainingExercise and Drug Combination TherapyExercise-Like Effects of Current Antihyperglycemic DrugsPrescription of Exercise Training: Practical ConsiderationsConcluding Remarks
What People are Saying About This
“In all, this volume offers a valuable update on factors underlying the benefits of exercise in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.”
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A professional reference for clinical research scientists, research fellows, academic and pharmacological scientists, clinical investigators, governmental agencies, and health care clinicians in the areas of basic and applied research, wellness, and health care promotion; a research-based text for graduate-level courses and seminars.