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New Paths to Urbanization in China: Seeking More Balanced Patterns
243
New Paths to Urbanization in China: Seeking More Balanced Patterns
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Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9781560726814 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated |
| Publication date: | 09/28/1999 |
| Pages: | 243 |
| Product dimensions: | 6.53(w) x 9.93(h) x 0.77(d) |
Table of Contents
| List of Tables and Figures | XI | |
| Acknowledgments | XVII | |
| Chapter 1 | Introduction | 1 |
| 1.1 | Rationale for the Study | 1 |
| 1.1.1 | The Significance of Studies on Urbanization and its Patterns in Developing Countries | 1 |
| 1.1.2 | The Dilemma of Urbanization in Developing Countries: The Need to Seek New Urbanization Patterns | 2 |
| 1.1.3 | The Unknown Experiences of China: New Paths to Urbanization? | 4 |
| 1.2 | Research Background | 6 |
| 1.2.1 | Previous Research on the Causes of Urbanization in General | 6 |
| 1.2.2 | Previous Research on the Causes of Polarization in Large Cities | 9 |
| 1.2.3 | Previous Research on China's Urbanization since the 1980s | 11 |
| 1.3 | Research Objectives | 13 |
| 1.3.1 | To Reveal The Characteristics of the New Urbanization Patterns in China, Especially Fujian Province | 13 |
| 1.3.2 | To Analyze The Underlying Causes of the New Urbanization Patterns | 14 |
| 1.3.3 | To Examine The New Urbanization Patterns from an International and Historical Perspective | 14 |
| 1.3.4 | To Draw Some Theoretical and Policy Implications from the Study | 14 |
| 1.4 | General Research Design and Data Sources | 15 |
| 1.4.1 | The Definition of Urbanization and the Scope of this Study | 15 |
| 1.4.2 | General Research Strategy | 16 |
| 1.4.3 | Data Sources | 16 |
| 1.4.4 | Research Procedures and Analytical Methods | 17 |
| 1.5 | Chapter Outline | 18 |
| Chapter 2 | Regional and Historical Context of Urbanization | 21 |
| 2.1 | Geographical and Historical Backgrounds | 21 |
| 2.2 | Opening-Up to The Outside World Since 1978 | 27 |
| 2.3 | Economic Take-off From A Relatively Low Level | 29 |
| 2.4 | Demographic Changes and Urban Development | 30 |
| 2.4.1 | Population Growth and Distribution | 30 |
| 2.4.2 | Urban Development | 35 |
| 2.5 | Summary and Conclusions | 37 |
| Chapter 3 | Temporal Aspects of Urbanization Patterns | 39 |
| 3.1 | Urbanization Before 1978: A Single Track of "State-Sponsored Urbanization" | 39 |
| 3.2 | The Urbanization Process Since 1978: Two Different Tracks | 43 |
| 3.2.1 | Urbanization Trends Since 1978 Reflected in TPCT, NAPCT and Census Data | 45 |
| 3.2.2 | Different Tracks of Urbanization: The Realities Behind The Data | 50 |
| 3.3 | The Estimation of The Urbanization Trend: A Summary and An Illustration | 60 |
| Chapter 4 | Spatial Aspects of Urbanization Patterns | 67 |
| 4.1 | The Classification of Cities and Towns According to Their Population Sizes | 67 |
| 4.2 | Urban System in Terms of State-Sponsored Urbanization | 69 |
| 4.2.1 | Percentage Distribution of NAPCT in Cities and Towns of Different Sizes | 69 |
| 4.2.2 | Changes in Urban Population Concentration Measured by the Gini Concentration Ratio | 73 |
| 4.2.3 | Changes in Degree of Urban Population Concentration Measured by the Two-City and Four-City Primacy Indices | 76 |
| 4.2.4 | Summary | 79 |
| 4.3 | Spatial Effects of Spontaneous Urbanization | 80 |
| 4.3.1 | Spatial Effects of the Development of township and Village Enterprises | 80 |
| 4.3.2 | Spatial Effects of Temporary Residents | 86 |
| 4.3.3 | Summary and Some Additional Notes | 91 |
| 4.4 | Spatial Features of Urbanization Patterns Reflected in The Proximate Causes of Urbanization | 93 |
| 4.4.1 | Estimation of State-Sponsored and Spontaneous Urban Population Growth Through Natural Increase | 94 |
| 4.4.2 | Estimation of State-Sponsored and Spontaneous Urban Population Growth Through Migration Across County (City) Borders | 96 |
| 4.4.3 | The Role of Reclassification and Short-Distance Migration in Fujian's Urbanization | 98 |
| Chapter 5 | Major Policy Changes and Urbanization Patterns: Case Studies in Three Municipalities | 101 |
| 5.1 | The Changing Roles of The Household Registration System in China's Urbanization | 102 |
| 5.1.1 | Household Registration System Before 1978 | 102 |
| 5.1.2 | Household Registration System Since 1978 | 104 |
| 5.2 | Urban Management and Development: The Case of Fuzhou | 107 |
| 5.2.1 | The Role of National Urban Development Strategy | 108 |
| 5.2.2 | Household Registration Management | 110 |
| 5.2.3 | Regulating The Internal Distribution of Population | 112 |
| 5.2.4 | Summary | 115 |
| 5.3 | Township and Village Enterprises and the in Situ Transformation of Rural Areas: The Case of Jinjiang | 115 |
| 5.3.1 | Rural Surplus Labor and the Emergence of Township and Village Enterprises | 117 |
| 5.3.2 | Major Policy Changes towards TVE Development During 1978-1984 | 121 |
| 5.3.3 | Rapid Development of TVEs and Its Implications For Rural-Urban Transformation in Jinjiang After 1978 | 124 |
| 5.3.4 | Summary | 130 |
| 5.4 | Foreign Investment and Rural-Urban Transformation: The Case of Fuqing | 131 |
| 5.4.1 | Spatial Patterns of Foreign Investment and Land Development Zones in Fujian | 132 |
| 5.4.2 | Foreign Investment and Rural-Urban Transformation in Fuqing | 136 |
| 5.4.3 | Summary | 145 |
| 5.5 | Conclusions | 146 |
| Chapter 6 | Examining China's New Urbanization Patterns From an International and Historical Perspective | 149 |
| 6.1 | The Assessment of China's Urbanization in the Context of Developed Countries' Experiences | 149 |
| 6.1.1 | Proto-Industrialization in Developed Countries' Past, and Its Implications For The Assessment of TVEs | 150 |
| 6.1.2 | Relative Importance of Large and Small Cities in The Process of Urbanization in Developed Countries and Its Implications For China's Urbanization | 153 |
| 6.2 | Examining China's Urbanization in The Context of Developing Countries | 156 |
| 6.2.1 | Re-Examining The Effects of High Population Density On Urbanization Patterns | 158 |
| 6.2.2 | The Roles of Improved Transport and Communication Facilities in Developing Countries' Urbanization Process | 162 |
| 6.3 | The Effects of The "Chineseness Factor" On China's Rural-Urban Transformantion from an International and Historical Perspective | 166 |
| 6.3.1 | The Connections of Chinese Overseas to Their Ancestral Regions and the Spatial Patterns of Their Investment | 166 |
| 6.3.2 | Chinese Culture and the Dominance of Small and Medium-Sized Business Units in Chinese Communities | 170 |
| 6.4 | Conclusions | 174 |
| Chapter 7 | Theoretical and Policy Implications | 177 |
| 7.1 | Theoretical Implications | 177 |
| 7.1.1 | Conceptual Revision of Urbanization Studies and Elaboration of Relevant Theories | 177 |
| 7.1.2 | Incorporating Non-Polarized Spatial Patterns in a Broader Regional Development Paradigm | 181 |
| 7.2 | Policy Implications | 189 |
| 7.2.1 | Implications For Urban and Regional Development Policies | 189 |
| 7.2.2 | Implications For Urban Planning | 195 |
| Chapter 8 | Summary and Conclusions | 201 |
| 8.1 | The Transition From State-Sponsored to Spontaneous Urbanization and the New Urbanization Patterns | 202 |
| 8.2 | Spatial Effects of Spontaneous Urbanization | 203 |
| 8.3 | Policy Changes and the Roles of State, Local and Foreign Forces in The Urbanization Process | 204 |
| 8.4 | The Underlying Conditions For The Feasibility of The More Balanced Patterns of Urbanization | 205 |
| 8.5 | Theoretical Implications | 206 |
| 8.6 | Policy Implications | 207 |
| Appendix 1 | China's Administrative Hierarchy | 209 |
| Appendix 2 | Sources and Definitions of the Data on Urbanization in China | 211 |
| References | 219 | |
| Index | 239 |
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