The New Music Therapist's Handbook / Edition 2

by Suzanne B. Hanser

Overview

(Berklee Guide). This completely updated and revised edition reflects the latest developments in the field of music therapy. Includes an introduction to the profession, guidelines for setting up a practice, new clinical applications, and helpful case studies a must for students and professionals alike.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780634006456
Publisher:	Berklee Press Publications
Publication date:	03/01/2000
Series:	Classroom Methods Series: College Textbooks / Materials
Edition description:	REV
Pages:	280
Product dimensions:	8.94(w) x 6.02(h) x 0.67(d)

About the Author

Dr. Suzanne B. Hanser, EdD, MT-BC, is chair emerita and professor of music therapy at Berklee College of Music, and past president of the World Federation of Music Therapy and National Association for Music Therapy. Her other books include Integrative Health through Music Therapy: Accompanying the Journal from Illness to Wellness and Manage Your Stress and Pain (book and audio) with Dr. Susan Mandel.

Table of Contents

Foreword Eric Waldon, PH.D., MT-BC ix

Preface xii

Acknowledgments xiv

Chapter 1 A Context for Music Therapy 1

Companions on the Journey to Wellness 2

Integrating Music Therapy into Healthcare 3

Music Therapy Definitions 5

Cultural Humility 6

Music Therapy Applications 7

Music Therapy for Infants 8

Music Therapy for Children 8

Communication 11

Sensory Needs 12

Physical Challenges 12

Inclusion Classrooms 13

Special Applications to Adolescents 13

Children on the Autism Spectrum 14

Pediatrics 14

Music Therapy Resources 14

Music Therapy with Adults 14

Medical Conditions 15

Mental Health Conditions 16

Corrections 17

Neurologic Rehabilitation 17

Community Music Therapy 18

Music Therapy in Health and Wellness 18

Music Therapy with Older Adults 19

Music Therapy at the End of Life 20

Music Therapy for All Abilities 20

Access to Music Therapy in the Schools 21

The Inner Workings of Music Therapy 23

Challenges to Music Therapy Practice 25

Conclusions 27

Summary 27

Key Words 28

References 34

For Further Reading 40

Chapter 2 A Data-Based Model for Music Therapy 42

A Data Base for Music Therapy 43

Stages of a Data-Based Model 44

1 Referral to Music Therapy 45

2 A First Session: Building the Therapeutic Relationship 45

3 Assessment 45

4 Goals, Objectives, and Target Responses 46

5 Observation 46

6 Music Therapy Protocols 46

7 The Music Therapy Treatment Plan 47

8 Implementation 47

9 Evaluation 47

10 Termination 47

Rationale for a Data-Based Model 48

Summary 52

Keywords 53

References 54

For Further Reading 54

Chapter 3 Referral to Music Therapy 55

Standards for Referral 56

Candidates for Music Therapy 56

Referral Criteria 57

Possible Contraindications 61

Educating Referral Sources 62

Presenting Problems and Goals 64

Sample Music Therapy Goals 66

Summary 68

Keywords 68

References 69

For Further Reading 69

Chapter 4 A First Session: Building the Therapeutic Relationship 71

First Encounters 72

Aims of a First Session 77

Developing the Therapeutic Relationship 78

Guidelines for Developing Rapport 79

Gaining Information 80

The Most Effective Music 82

Observing 86

What to Observe 86

Outlining Responsibilities 89

Summary 90

Keywords 90

References 91

For Further Reading 92

Chapter 5 Assessment 93

The Requirements for Assessment 94

A Assessment 94

B Interpret Assessment Information and Communicate Results 95

Psychometric Properties of Assessment 97

Music-Based Assessments 97

Advantages of Music-Based Assessments 99

Other Assessments 101

Self-Assessment 103

Electronic Assessments and Applications 106

Initial Assessments 107

A Comprehensive Assessment of Functioning 109

Assessment Over Time 110

A Clinical Example Based on a First Session Narrative: Ralph 111

A Clinical Example of a Comprehensive Assessment: Laura 113

An Original Assessment Tool for Finger Dexterity 117

An Original Pretest-Post test Assessment for Socialization and Agitation 118

An Original Assessment Tool for Responsiveness to Music 120

Rating 122

The Music Therapist's Assessment Checklist 123

Summary 124

Key Words 125

References 126

Journals Focused on Assessment 127

For Further Reading 128

Chapter 6 Goals, Objectives, and Target Responses 131

Identifying Problems, Behaviors, and Goals 132

The Real Problem 133

Identifying Target Responses 134

Setting Goals 135

Criteria for Selecting Goals and Target Responses 136

Defining Target Responses 136

Setting Objectives 139

Guidelines for Setting Objectives 140

Case Examples 142

Joshua 142

Ann 143

Michael 144

Ralph 145

Conclusions 146

Summary 147

Key Words 147

References 148

For Further Reading 148

Chapter 7 Observation 149

Methods of Recording 150

Frequency Recording 150

Duration Recording 150

Interval Recording 151

Planned Activity Check 151

To Observe or to Do Therapy 151

Reliable Recording 152

Clinical Examples of Recording 153

Baseline Observations 154

Functional Analysis 157

Subjective Observation 159

Conclusions 160

Summary 160

Key Words 161

References 161

For Further Reading 162

Chapter 8 Music Therapy Protocols 163

A Vision for Your Music Therapy Practice 163

Protocols for Music Therapy Practice 165

Evidence-Based Music Therapy Practices 166

The Cochrane Library and Systematic Reviews 170

The Therapeutic Function of Music 171

Special Conditions 173

Teaching Music to Teach Other Skills 173

Special Case: A Behavioral Approach to Music Involvement 177

Musk in Insight Therapy 178

Single Session Only 179

Clinical Examples of Music Therapy Sessions 182

Organization of a Music Therapy Session 184

Maintenance and Generalization 186

Fading 188

Other Generalization Techniques 189

A Music Therapy Protocol for a Family Medicine Unit 190

Music Therapy Protocol 190

A Music Therapy Protocol for Depressed Older Adults 192

Conclusions 193

Summary 194

Key Words 194

References 196

Chapter 9 The Music Therapy Treatment Plan 199

Beginning to Plan 200

Assessing the Assessment 201

Response Hierarchies and Objectives 202

Developmental Sequence of Objectives 202

Clinical Example 203

Developmental Sequence in Group Music Psychotherapy 204

Task Analysis 205

Social Hierarchies 206

Functions of Response Hierarchies 207

Individual vs. Group Music Therapy 207

Individualizing Group Music Therapy 209

Design 211

Reflexive Practice 212

Participatory Action Research 213

Case Studies 214

Experimental Group Designs 214

Random Groups 215

Correlated Groups 216

Single-Subject Designs 217

Reversal 217

Multiple Baseline 218

The Formal Music Therapy Treatment Plan 219

Individualized Treatment Proposal 220

Music Therapy Proposal Guidelines 220

Sample Individualized Music Therapy Proposal 222

Music Therapy Group Proposal 226

Introducing a Music Therapy Group for Individuals Who Have a Life-Threatening Condition 226

Summary 227

Key Words 228

References 229

For Further Reading 230

Chapter 10 Implementation 231

Contracting 232

Tables and Graphs 233

Session Log 234

Progress Notes 237

Progress Note Format 239

Sample Progress Note 240

Clinical Writing 240

Clinical Supervision 241

The Evolving Therapeutic Relationship 242

Revision of Procedures 244

Summary 244

Key Words 245

References 245

For Further Reading 246

Chapter 11 Evaluation 247

Defining Success 247

The Evaluation Plan 248

The Purpose 248

Other Considerations 250

Additional Data 250

External Evaluation and Research 251

Recommendations for Future Action 251

Music Therapy Program Evaluations in the Literature 252

Sample Music Therapy Evaluations 252

A Music Therapy Program to Manage Everyday Stress 252

A Music Therapy Program for a Child with a Behavioral Disorder 257

Music Therapy in a Correctional Facility 263

An Unsolicited Evaluation 265

Analysis of Clinical Examples 266

Summary 267

Key Words 267

References 267

For Further Heading 268

Chapter 12 Termination 269

Guidelines for Termination 269

Should Music Therapy Be Terminated? 269

When Should Music Therapy Be Terminated? 271

How Does the Music Therapist Prepare for Termination? 272

What Happens with an Unplanned Termination? 273

Musical Termination 274

Clinical Example 274

Summary 275

References 275

For Further Reading 276

Chapter 13 Self-Care 277

Noticing 279

Taking a Moment 280

Noticing through Music 282

Coping 283

Coping through Music 284

Comforting 285

Comforting through Music 285

Awakening 286

Awakening through Music 288

Peace 288

Seeking Peace through Music 289

Your Self-Care Practice 290

Conclusions 294

Summary 294

Key Words 295

References 296

For Further Reading 297

Postscript: The Contemplative Music Therapist's Journal 298

Index 304

About the Author 320