Music: A Subversive History

by Ted Gioia, Jamie Renell (Read by)

Overview

"A dauntingly ambitious, obsessively researched" (Los Angeles Times) global history of music that reveals how songs have shifted societies and sparked revolutions.

Histories of music overwhelmingly suppress stories of the outsiders and rebels who created musical revolutions and instead celebrate the mainstream assimilators who borrowed innovations, diluted their impact, and disguised their sources. In Music: A Subversive History, Ted Gioia reclaims the story of music for the riffraff, insurgents, and provocateurs.

Gioia tells a four-thousand-year history of music as a global source of power, change, and upheaval. He shows how outcasts, immigrants, slaves, and others at the margins of society have repeatedly served as trailblazers of musical expression, reinventing our most cherished songs from ancient times all the way to the jazz, reggae, and hip-hop sounds of the current day.

Music: A Subversive History is essential reading for anyone interested in the meaning of music, from Sappho to the Sex Pistols to Spotify.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781549154911
Publisher:	Basic Books
Publication date:	10/15/2019
Edition description:	Unabridged
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 7.00(h) x 2.00(d)

About the Author

Ted Gioia is a music historian and the author of eleven books, including How to Listen to Jazz. His three previous books on the social history of music—Work Songs, Healing Songs, and Love Songs—have each been honored with the ASCAP Deems Taylor/Virgil Thomson Award. Gioia's wide-ranging activities as a critic, scholar, performer, and educator have established him as a leading global guide to music past, present, and future.

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

1 The Origin of Music as a Force of Creative Destruction 9

2 Carnivores at the Philharmonic 21

3 In Search of a Universal Music 39

4 Music History as a Battle Between Magic and Mathematics 48

5 Bulls and Sex Toys 64

6 The Storyteller 76

7 The Invention of the Singer 91

8 The Shame of Music 102

9 Unmanly Music 114

10 The Devil's Songs 129

11 Oppression and Musical Innovation 151

12 Not All Wizards Carry Wands 165

13 The Invention of the Audience 177

14 Musicians Behaving Badly 194

15 The Origins of the Music Business 209

16 Culture Wars 222

17 Subversives in Wigs 240

18 You Say You Want a Revolution? 257

19 The Great Flip-Flop 281

20 The Aesthetics of Diaspora 302

21 Black Music and the Great American Lifestyle Crisis 322

22 Rebellion Goes Mainstream 334

23 Funky Butt 347

24 The Origins of Country Music in the Neolithic Era 368

25 Where Did Our Love Go? 382

26 The Sacrificial Ritual 399

27 Rappers and Technocrats 421

28 Welcome Our New Overlords 442

Epilogue: This Is Not a Manifesto 463

Acknowledgments 471

Notes 473

Index 488

Editorial Reviews

★ 08/12/2019

In this excellent history, music critic Gioia (How to Listen to Jazz) dazzles with tales of how music grew out of violence, sex, and rebellion. Gioia opens with humans fashioning musical instruments from animal bones, such as a Neanderthal flute made with a bear’s femur, and writes, “When the instruments didn’t come from the dead animal, they evolved from the weapons used to kill it,” such as a hunter’s bow, which became the “earliest stringed instrument.” He then explores the roots of eroticism in music in Sumerian songs and myths, and the divide between the sacred and the vulgar in music. Gioia explains how the early Catholic church elevated the human voice as the only instrument above reproach, since other instruments, drums in particular, were tainted by their pagan associations. In the Middle Ages, passionate secular songs were being performed by roaming troubadours whose new way of singing expressed a deep sensitivity to the inner romantic life. Crisply written with surprising insights, Gioia’s history ranges from Beethoven’s outsider status, due to what was considered to be his mysterious and gloomy music, to the execution and murder ballads in 20th-century folk music, and ending with the rise of rock and roll and hip-hop. Gioia’s richly told narrative provides fresh insights into the history of music. (Oct.)

Publishers Weekly

[Gioia] uses the familiar scheme of cyclical rejuvenation through transformation as a mechanism to consider the whole history of music, from the sounds of the primordial world to electronic dance music today, in his latest and most ambitious book. . . . Smart but readable.”

—New York Times Book Review

“[A] sweeping study. . . . The author aims to subvert our ideas about music history. . . . Gioia challenges notions of progress based solely on aesthetic or stylistic innovation . . . characteriz[ing] music history as a cyclical power struggle with shifting battle lines.”—Larry Blumenfeld, Wall Street Journal

“I can’t speak highly enough about Music: A Subversive History. . . . [Gioia] is always fun to read. . . . Gioia remains something of an outsider critic, convinced that the passion for destruction can be a creative passion.”—Michael Dirda, Washington Post

“An entirely new way to look at how music evolved.”
 —Rosa Inocencio Smith, The Atlantic

"A dauntingly ambitious, obsessively researched labor of cultural provocation."—Robert Christgau, Los Angeles Times

“In the past, [Gioia has] written a series of acclaimed books about jazz, but Music: A Subversive History is by some distance the most wide-ranging and provocative thing he’s come up with.”
 —Alexis Petridis, Guardian

“In carefully examining its ‘subversive’ side . . . Ted Gioia does much to convince us that music, far from being incidental to deeper political purposes or a convenient index of popular taste, is a profound ‘force of transformation and enchantment,’ intrinsic to human society.”

—New Criterion

“This book feels like the summation of a lifetime’s avid musical exploration and reading. It has an epic sweep and passionate engagement with the topic that carries one along irresistibly.”—Telegraph

“Gioia asserts that music history generally shares the whitewashed stories of the assimilators. . . . Exhaustively researched.”

—Christian Science Monitor

“In the space of a sentence, Gioia has let even the most cautious prospective reader know he has a lovely light touch, a mischievous sense of humour, and a determinedly skewed take on how music has been chronicled over the past 2,000-odd years. The highlights are too many to list. . . . He knows how to tell a story in a way that will keep people reading.”—Times Literary Supplement

“Mr. Gioia’s alternative history of music is extraordinary, groundbreaking, and bone-chillingly real.”

—Washington Times

“Ted Gioia’s Music: A Subversive History is one of the most important and welcome books I’ve encountered in the last decade. If ever there were a book the world sorely needed, it’s Gioia’s.”—Buffalo News

“Scintillating. . . . Gioia is writing about evolution and magic—this is a music history that synthesizes both Darwin and Frazer, and, at least in terms of writing for a general audience, is the first to do so. We need this story.”—Brooklyn Rail

“Music is Gioia’s magnum opus, an inventive and original work that spans 4,000 years. . . . Throughout this vital book, Gioia shows that music is still a disruptive force.”

—DownBeat

“There is so much rich history in this book; so many interesting and startling facts and stories.”

—Syncopated Times

“Invigorating.”

—Pop Matters

“Marvelous.”

—Marc Myers, Jazz Wax

“Essential.”

—Jacksonville Journal-Courier

“In describing the kinds of music that existed throughout history, [Gioia] treats topics that have long been suppressed or ignored by historians who crave respectability, topics such as magic, sexuality, and violence. . . . As a writer and thinker he is compelling and thought provoking.”

—Choice

“Gioia takes a look at the underside of music history, teasing out the episodes of sex, violence, and rebellion out of which music developed.”

—No Depression

“In this excellent history, music critic Gioia (How to Listen to Jazz) dazzles with tales of how music grew out of violence, sex, and rebellion. . . . Gioia’s richly told narrative provides fresh insights into the history of music."—Publishers Weekly, starred review

"Gioia draws on social science research into the past and present to forge a sweeping and enthralling account of music as an agency of human change."—Booklist, starred review

“Gioia’s argument is persuasive and offers a wealth of possibilities for further exploration.”—Library Journal

“A revisionist history highlights music’s connections to violence, disruption, and power. In a sweeping survey that begins in ‘pre-human natural soundscapes,’ music historian Gioia (How To Listen to Jazz, 2016, etc.) examines changes and innovation in music, arguing vigorously that the music produced by ‘peasants and plebeians, slaves and bohemians, renegades and outcasts’ reflected and influenced social, cultural, and political life. . . . A bold, fresh, and informative chronicle of music’s evolution and cultural meaning.”—Kirkus

"Gioia's sprawling and deeply interesting history of music defies all stereotypes of music scholarship. This is rich work that provokes many fascinating questions. Scientists and humanists alike will find plenty to disagree with, but isn't that the point? 'A subversive history,' indeed."—Samuel Mehr, Director, The Music Lab, Harvard University

“In this meticulously researched yet thoroughly page-turning book, Gioia argues for the universality of music from all cultures and eras. Subversives from Sappho to Mozart and Charlie Parker are given new perspective—as is the role of the church and other arts-shaping institutions. Music of emotion is looked at alongside the music of political power in a fascinating way by a master writer and critical thinker. This is a must-read for those of us for whom music has a central role in our daily lives.”—Fred Hersch, pianist and composer, and author of Good Things Happen Slowly: A Life In and Out of Jazz

“As a fan of ‘big histories’ that sweep through space and time, I gobbled this one like candy as I found myself astounded by some idea, some fact, some source, some dots connected into a fast-reading big picture that takes in Roman pantomime riots, Occitan troubadours, churchbells, blues, Afrofuturism, surveillance capitalism, and much more. A must for music heads.”—Ned Sublette, author of Cuba and Its Music and The World That Made New Orleans

"One of the most perceptive writers on music has cut a wide swath down the path of history, illuminating details often left in the shadows and broadening our understanding of all things sonic. Gioia vividly points out that the wheels of cultural advancement are often turned by the countless unsung heroes of inventiveness. A mind opening and totally engaging read!"—Terry Riley

From the Publisher

Jamie Renell’s narration of Ted Gioia’s sprawling work is confident and fast paced, which is just what this serious tome needs. The author argues that for all of human history, the most important music starts out as subversive and only later is embraced by the establishment. The first several hours are tough going (less so thanks to Renell’s narrative drive) as they cover ancient historical periods for which no one has any musical touchstones: These sections often seem aimed at a more academic audience. But the work begins its crescendo as it moves into the Classical era and reaches its climax in its discussion of the twentieth-century jazz, blues, and rock musicians who have touched our own lives. D.B. © AudioFile 2019, Portland, Maine

DECEMBER 2019 - AudioFile

Jamie Renell’s narration of Ted Gioia’s sprawling work is confident and fast paced, which is just what this serious tome needs. The author argues that for all of human history, the most important music starts out as subversive and only later is embraced by the establishment. The first several hours are tough going (less so thanks to Renell’s narrative drive) as they cover ancient historical periods for which no one has any musical touchstones: These sections often seem aimed at a more academic audience. But the work begins its crescendo as it moves into the Classical era and reaches its climax in its discussion of the twentieth-century jazz, blues, and rock musicians who have touched our own lives. D.B. © AudioFile 2019, Portland, Maine

DECEMBER 2019 - AudioFile

2019-07-28
A revisionist history highlights music's connections to violence, disruption, and power.

In a sweeping survey that begins in "pre-human natural soundscapes," music historian Gioia (How To Listen to Jazz, 2016, etc.) examines changes and innovation in music, arguing vigorously that the music produced by "peasants and plebeians, slaves and bohemians, renegades and outcasts" reflected and influenced social, cultural, and political life. For the earliest humans, writes the author, music-making was far more important than simply entertainment: Songs "served as a source of transformation and enchantment for individuals and communities," embodying myth and cultural lore. Music also was indelibly connected to violence, from troops' drums and horns to rousing anthems. "Every violent group in history," Gioia notes, "has its motivating songs," evidence that music "is a mighty force" for change. Disruption, however, was not limited to martial music. Once the audience emerged "as the judge of aesthetic merit during the late medieval period and Renaissance," music changed from an art sanctioned by aristocracy and the church to one that pleased "the untutored crowd." Popular musicians presented themselves as dramatic, artistic personalities; when they offered works celebrating "love and glory, the singer emerged as the focal point of the lyrics, the real subject of every song." Gioia aims to overturn long-held images of many composers: Beethoven, for example, was hardly "the ultimate classical music insider, the bedrock of the symphonic tradition," but rather a passionate personality whose "strange, peculiar, arbitrary, bizarre, mysterious, gloomy and laborious" music caused him, early in his career, to be considered "a volatile outsider whose impulses needed to be held in check." With Beethoven, writes the author, "everything gets viewed through a prism of revolution, upheaval, and clashing value systems." That desire to upend the status quo has invigorated music, whether it is jazz, folk music, hip-hop, or electrified bands. Despite efforts to quash innovation, "in the long term, songs tend to prevail over even the most authoritarian leaders."

A bold, fresh, and informative chronicle of music's evolution and cultural meaning.

Kirkus Reviews