Making Open Development Inclusive: Lessons from IDRC Research

by Matthew L. Smith (Editor), Ruhiya Kristine Seward (Editor), Robin Mansell (Foreword by)

Overview

Drawing on ten years of empirical work and research, analyses of how open development has played out in practice.

A decade ago, a significant trend toward openness emerged in international development. “Open development” can describe initiatives as disparate as open government, open health data, open science, open education, and open innovation. The theory was that open systems related to data, science, and innovation would enable more inclusive processes of human development. This volume, drawing on ten years of empirical work and research, analyzes how open development has played out in practice

Focusing on development practices in the Global South, the contributors explore the crucial questions of who is allowed to participate when an initiative is “open” and who benefits—or not—from them, finding that processes characterized as open can sometimes be exclusionary in their implementation. Examining a wide range of cases, they consider the governance of open development ecosystems and the implementation of a variety of applications, including open educational resources, collaborative science, and the uses of crowdsourcing.

Contributors

Denisse Albornoz, Chris Armstrong, Savita Bailur, Roxana Barrantes, Carla Bonina, Michael Cañares, Leslie Chan, Laura Czerniewicz, Jeremy de Beer, Stefano De Sabbata, Shirin Elahi, Alison Gillwald, Mark Graham, Rebecca Hillyer, Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams, Dick Kawooya, Erika Kramer-Mbula, Paulo Matos, Caroline Ncube, Chidi Oguamanam, Angela Okune, Alejandro Posada, Nagla Rizk, Isaac Rutenberg, Tobias Schonwetter, Fabrizio Scrollini, Ruhiya Kristine Seward, Raed Sharif, Matthew Smith, William Randall Spence, Henry Trotter, François van Schalkwyk, Sonal Zavaeri

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780262539111
Publisher:	MIT Press
Publication date:	08/25/2020
Series:	International Development Research Centre
Pages:	512
Product dimensions:	7.06(w) x 9.06(h) x 0.88(d)

About the Author

Matthew L. Smith is Senior Program Specialist at the International Development Research Centre in Ottawa. He is coeditor of Open Development: Networked Innovation in International Development (MIT Press and IDRC).

Ruhiya Kristine Seward is Senior Program Officer at the International Development Research Centre.

Matthew L. Smith is Senior Program Specialist at the International Development Research Centre in Ottawa. He is coeditor of Open Development: Networked Innovation in International Development (MIT Press and IDRC).

Ruhiya Kristine Seward is Senior Program Officer at the International Development Research Centre.

Matthew L. Smith is Senior Program Specialist at the International Development Research Centre in Ottawa. He is coeditor of Open Development: Networked Innovation in International Development (MIT Press and IDRC).

Ruhiya Kristine Seward is Senior Program Officer at the International Development Research Centre.

Mark Graham is Professor of Internet Geography at the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford the editor (with William H. Dutton) of Society and the Internet: How Networks of Information and Communication Are Changing Our Lives.

Matthew L. Smith is Senior Program Specialist at the International Development Research Centre in Ottawa. He is coeditor of Open Development: Networked Innovation in International Development (MIT Press and IDRC).

Ruhiya Kristine Seward is Senior Program Officer at the International Development Research Centre.

Table of Contents

Preface vii

Acknowledgments ix

Foreword Robin Mansell xi

1 Introduction: Governing Openness in an Unequal World Matthew L. Smith Ruhiya Kristine Seward 1

I Defining Open Development

2 Updating Open Development: Open Practices in Inclusive Development Matthew L. Smith Ruhiya Kristine Seward 23

3 Open Innovation in Development: Integrating Theory and Practice across Open Science, Open Access, and Open Data Jeremy de Beer 51

II Governing the Open Development Ecosystem

4 Gender and Equity in Openness: Forgotten Spaces Sonal Zaveri 87

5 The Geographic Contours of Openness Mark Graham Stefano De Sabbata 119

6 Ecologies of (Open) Access: Toward a Knowledge Society Laura Czerniewicz 143

7 Open Provision: Changing Economic and Human Development Perspectives William Randall Spence Matthew L. Smith 157

8 Openness in Telecommunications Reform and Practice: The Case of Open Access Broadband Networks, Public Wi-Fi, and Zero-Rating Alison Gillwald 183

9 Who Benefits from Open Models? The Role of ICT Access in the Consumption of Open Activities Roxana Barrantes Paulo Matos 219

III Governing Open Development Applications

10 Open Government Data for Inclusive Development François van Schalkwyk Michael Cañares 251

11 Governing Open Health Data in Latin America Carla Bonina Fabrizio Scrollini 291

12 Open Educational Resources and Practices in the Global South: Degrees of Social Inclusion Henry Trotter Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams 317

13 Toward an Inclusive, Open, and Collaborative Science: Lessons from OCSDNet Rebecca Hillyer Denisse Albornoz Alejandro Posada Angela Okune Leslie Chan 357

14 The Inclusivity of Crowdsourcing and Implications for Development Savita Bailur Raed Sharif 381

15 Open Innovation in Africa: Current Realities, Future Scenarios, and Scalable Solutions Jeremy de Beer Chris Armstrong Shirin Elahi Dick Kawooya Erika Kramer-Mbula Caroline Ncube Chidi Oguamanam Nagla Rizk Isaac Rutenberg Tobias Schonwetter 403

16 Conclusion: Understanding the Inclusive Potential of Open Development Ruhiya Kristine Seward 431

Contributors 447

Index 459