Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China
A history of how Chinese officials used statistics to define a new society in the early years of the People’s Republic of China

In 1949, at the end of a long period of wars, one of the biggest challenges facing leaders of the new People’s Republic of China was how much they did not know. The government of one of the world’s largest nations was committed to fundamentally reengineering its society and economy via socialist planning while having almost no reliable statistical data about their own country. Making It Count is the history of efforts to resolve this “crisis in counting.” Drawing on a wealth of sources culled from China, India, and the United States, Arunabh Ghosh explores the choices made by political leaders, statisticians, academics, statistical workers, and even literary figures in attempts to know the nation through numbers.

Ghosh shows that early reliance on Soviet-inspired methods of exhaustive enumeration became increasingly untenable in China by the mid-1950s. Unprecedented and unexpected exchanges with Indian statisticians followed, as the Chinese sought to learn about the then-exciting new technology of random sampling. These developments were overtaken by the tumult of the Great Leap Forward (1958–61), when probabilistic and exhaustive methods were rejected and statistics was refashioned into an ethnographic enterprise. By acknowledging Soviet and Indian influences, Ghosh not only revises existing models of Cold War science but also globalizes wider developments in the history of statistics and data.

Anchored in debates about statistics and its relationship to state building, Making It Count offers fresh perspectives on China’s transition to socialism.

"1133448056"
Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China
A history of how Chinese officials used statistics to define a new society in the early years of the People’s Republic of China

In 1949, at the end of a long period of wars, one of the biggest challenges facing leaders of the new People’s Republic of China was how much they did not know. The government of one of the world’s largest nations was committed to fundamentally reengineering its society and economy via socialist planning while having almost no reliable statistical data about their own country. Making It Count is the history of efforts to resolve this “crisis in counting.” Drawing on a wealth of sources culled from China, India, and the United States, Arunabh Ghosh explores the choices made by political leaders, statisticians, academics, statistical workers, and even literary figures in attempts to know the nation through numbers.

Ghosh shows that early reliance on Soviet-inspired methods of exhaustive enumeration became increasingly untenable in China by the mid-1950s. Unprecedented and unexpected exchanges with Indian statisticians followed, as the Chinese sought to learn about the then-exciting new technology of random sampling. These developments were overtaken by the tumult of the Great Leap Forward (1958–61), when probabilistic and exhaustive methods were rejected and statistics was refashioned into an ethnographic enterprise. By acknowledging Soviet and Indian influences, Ghosh not only revises existing models of Cold War science but also globalizes wider developments in the history of statistics and data.

Anchored in debates about statistics and its relationship to state building, Making It Count offers fresh perspectives on China’s transition to socialism.

55.0 In Stock
Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China

Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China

by Arunabh Ghosh
Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China

Making It Count: Statistics and Statecraft in the Early People's Republic of China

by Arunabh Ghosh

Hardcover

$55.00 
  • SHIP THIS ITEM
    Qualifies for Free Shipping
  • PICK UP IN STORE
    Check Availability at Nearby Stores

Related collections and offers


Overview

A history of how Chinese officials used statistics to define a new society in the early years of the People’s Republic of China

In 1949, at the end of a long period of wars, one of the biggest challenges facing leaders of the new People’s Republic of China was how much they did not know. The government of one of the world’s largest nations was committed to fundamentally reengineering its society and economy via socialist planning while having almost no reliable statistical data about their own country. Making It Count is the history of efforts to resolve this “crisis in counting.” Drawing on a wealth of sources culled from China, India, and the United States, Arunabh Ghosh explores the choices made by political leaders, statisticians, academics, statistical workers, and even literary figures in attempts to know the nation through numbers.

Ghosh shows that early reliance on Soviet-inspired methods of exhaustive enumeration became increasingly untenable in China by the mid-1950s. Unprecedented and unexpected exchanges with Indian statisticians followed, as the Chinese sought to learn about the then-exciting new technology of random sampling. These developments were overtaken by the tumult of the Great Leap Forward (1958–61), when probabilistic and exhaustive methods were rejected and statistics was refashioned into an ethnographic enterprise. By acknowledging Soviet and Indian influences, Ghosh not only revises existing models of Cold War science but also globalizes wider developments in the history of statistics and data.

Anchored in debates about statistics and its relationship to state building, Making It Count offers fresh perspectives on China’s transition to socialism.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780691179476
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 03/31/2020
Series: Histories of Economic Life , #10
Pages: 360
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.00(d)

About the Author

Arunabh Ghosh is associate professor of history at Harvard University.

Table of Contents

Illustrations and Tables ix

Abbreviations xi

Acknowledgements xiii

1 Introduction 1

Part I A Statistical Revolution

2 A New Type of Standardized Statistical Work 25

3 Ascertaining Social Fact 55

4 No "Mean" Solution: Reformulating Statistics, Disciplining Scientists 89

Part II Seeing Like a Socialist State

5 The Nature of Statistical Work 127

6 To "Ardently Love Our Statistical Work": State (In)Capacity, Professionalization, and their Discontents 176

Part III Alternatives

7 Seeking Common Ground Amidst Differences: The Turn to India 213

8 A "Great Leap" in Statistics 249

Conclusion 281

Chinese Character Glossary 289

Bibliography 297

Index 331

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

"Focusing on the development of statistics in the 1950s, Making It Count is an uncommon contribution to the history of the People’s Republic of China. Drawing from documents, letters, institutional archives, memoirs, oral histories, and newspaper reports, this is essential reading for students of history, sociology, economics, and politics, as well as scholars and policymakers."—Wang Hui, Tsinghua University

"Making It Count offers a deeply absorbing and inventively researched account of the making of China's statistical system, and a riveting look at the intersections between knowledge and state formation in the 1950s. By deftly weaving in comparisons with Russia and India, this book tells a story of how intellectual influences traveled but were then modified by the contexts of the states where they were embedded."—Pratap Bhanu Mehta, Ashoka University

"This is one of the most original histories of modern China to appear in recent years. Exploring transnational links between postwar China and India, Making It Count shows how the two nations exchanged ideas of social development, and how mathematics became one of the most potent and damaging political tools of a modernizing nation. Based on intense research, this groundbreaking work will stimulate debates for a long time to come."—Rana Mitter, author of Forgotten Ally

"A fascinating, original look at the role of statistics in the formation of the early socialist state in China, Making It Count makes an insightful, important contribution to early PRC studies. With impeccable scholarship and access to archives in China, India, and the West, this valuable book not only tells us much about China, but also contributes to our understanding of the history of global science in the twentieth century."—Peter C. Perdue, Yale University

"This detailed and fact-filled book explores the practice of statistics in the People’s Republic of China between the founding of the regime and the launching of the Great Leap Forward. With superior writing and organizational skills, Ghosh has written the first full study that places at its center the formal institutionalization of statistics as a governing technology in socialist China."—Wen-hsin Yeh, University of California, Berkeley

From the B&N Reads Blog

Customer Reviews