Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

by Umakanta Sahoo (Editor)

Overview

The energy scene in the world is a complex picture of a variety of energy sources being used to meet the world's growing energy needs. There is, however, a gap in the demand and supply. It is recognized that decentralized power generation based on the various renewable energy technologies can, to some extent, help in meeting the growing energy needs. The renewable energy landscape has witnessed tremendous changes in the policy framework with accelerated and ambitious plans to increase the contribution of renewable energy such as solar, wind, bio-power, and others.

Hybrid renewable energy systems are important for continuous operation and supplements each form of energy seasonally, offering several benefits over a stand-alone system. It can enhance capacity and lead to greater security of continuous electricity supply, among other applications. This book provides a platform for researchers, academics, industry professionals, consultants and designers to discover state-of-the-art developments and challenges in the field of hybrid renewable energy.

Written by a team of experts and edited by one of the top researchers in hybrid renewable systems, this volume is a must-have for any engineer, scientist, or student working in this field, providing a valuable reference and guide in a quickly emerging field.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781119555612
Publisher:	Wiley
Publication date:	02/25/2021
Sold by:	JOHN WILEY & SONS
Format:	eBook
Pages:	272
File size:	12 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

Umakanta Sahoo, PhD, is research scientist at the National Institute of Solar Energy, India. He received his PhD in mechanical engineering at Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India. He has vast research experience in the field of solar energy and biomass. He is the author of many research papers in international journals and books in the field of solar and biomass energy and six books in the field of mechanical engineering. He has vast experience in the design, operation and maintenance of solar energy systems

Table of Contents

1 Resource Assessment and Implementation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Food Preservation in Agro-Tropical Areas: A Techno-Economic Approach 1
M. Edwin, M. Saranya Nair and S. Joseph Sekhar

1.1 Introduction 2

1.1.1 Objectives 4

1.2 Materials and Methods 5

1.2.1 Resource Assessment 6

1.2.1.1 Definition of the Study Region 6

1.2.1.2 Field Survey from Households 6

1.2.1.3 Existing Collection and Preservation Methods for Milk 7

1.2.1.4 Potential of Renewable Energy Sources 8

1.2.1.5 Identification of Influential Parameters 10

1.2.1.6 Load/Demand Assessment 10

1.2.2 Modelling and Simulation of a Hybrid Renewable Energy–Based Cooling System 13

1.2.2.1 System Description 13

1.2.2.2 Energy Modelling 14

1.2.2.3 Economic Modelling 15

1.2.2.4 Simulation and Performance Evaluation 15

1.3 Results and Discussion 19

1.3.1 Overall Efficiency of the System 19

1.3.2 Evaluation of Economic Parameters 22

1.3.3 Techno-Economic Study 29

1.3.4 Sensitivity Analysis 29

1.4 Conclusions 32

References 33

2 Implementation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Projects in Rural India—A Case Study 37
Utpal Goswami and Arvind Kumar

2.1 Introduction 37

2.2 Overview of Microgrid 40

2.3 Basic Structure of Hybrid System 40

2.4 Hybrid Microgrid Control 41

2.5 Project Location 42

2.6 Load Profile Study of Proposed Location 42

2.7 Operation of Hybrid Microgrid System Considered for Current Study 44

2.8 Technical Specification of Hybrid System 46

2.9 Modeling of Hybrid Microgrid System 46

2.10 Last One Year Output of Hybrid Microgrid Plant 53

2.11 Financial Analysis 55

2.12 Tariff Calculation 55

2.13 Conclusion 59

References 60

3 Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Energy Storage for Rural Electrification 63
Pradeep Kumar Sahu, Satyaranjan Jena and Umakanta Sahoo

3.1 Introduction 64

3.2 HES Components 65

3.3 Energy Storage Systems 66

3.3.1 Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS) 68

3.3.2 Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) 68

3.3.3 Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) 69

3.3.4 Chemical Energy Storage 70

3.3.4.1 Hydrogen-Based ESS 70

3.3.4.2 Battery Energy Storage (BESS) 71

3.3.5 Electromagnetic Energy Storage 72

3.3.5.1 Super Capacitors (SC) 72

3.3.5.2 Superconducting Magnet Energy Storage (SMES) 73

3.4 Hybrid Energy System Configuration 74

3.4.1 Integration Schemes 74

3.4.2 DC-Coupled Systems 76

3.4.3 AC-Coupled Systems 76

3.4.4 Hybrid-Coupled Systems 77

3.5 Component Sizing of Hybrid RE Systems 78

3.6 Techno-Economical Analysis 78

3.6.1 Selection of Study Area for the Proposed Study 81

3.6.2 Load Assessment of the Study Area 81

3.6.3 Resources Assessment 81

3.6.4 Economic Analysis 85

3.6.4.1 Net Present Cost (NPC) 86

3.6.4.2 Cost of Energy (COE) 87

3.6.5 Results and Discussion 87

3.7 Conclusion 91

References 91

4 Modeling and Energy Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage System 97
Hemavathi S.

4.1 Introduction 97

4.2 Modeling of Proposed Topology 98

4.2.1 Modeling of Photovoltaic System 99

4.2.2 Modeling of Li-Ion Battery Module 100

4.2.3 Modeling of Ultracapacitor Module 103

4.3 Control Strategies 104

4.3.1 PV-MPPT Technique and DC/DC Converter Model 105

4.3.2 Hybrid Active Power Control of Energy Storage Systems 107

4.4 Energy Optimization Strategy and Simulation Results 109

4.4.1 Energy Optimization Strategy 109

4.4.2 Simulation Results 110

4.5 Conclusion 112

Acknowledgment 112

References 113

5 Techno Commercial Study of Hybrid Systems for the Agriculture Farm Using Homer Software 115
Sanjay Kumar C, Karthikeyan M, Prasannakumaran K M and V. Kirubakaran

5.1 Introduction 116

5.2 Electricity Consumption by Agricultural Sector 117

5.3 Literature Review 117

5.4 Study Location 118

5.4.1 Solar Energy Potential in Dindigul District 118

5.5 Load Estimation of the Farm 120

5.5.1 Daily Power Consumption by the Farm 120

5.6 Renewable Energy Technology Used in the Hybrid System 121

5.6.1 Solar PV System 121

5.6.1.1 PV Module 121

5.6.1.2 Storage Batteries 121

5.6.1.3 Converter 122

5.6.2 Biogas Energy Potential in Farm 122

5.6.2.1 Volume Calculation of Digester 123

5.6.2.2 Volume of Gas Collecting Chamber (Vc) 123

5.6.2.3 Generator Sizing 124

5.6.3 Biomass Potential in the Particular Site 124

5.6.3.1 Syn Gas Generation Rate 125

5.6.3.2 Fuel Consumption Rate (FCR) 125

5.7 System Design and Analysis 125

5.7.1 Result Analysis 126

5.7.1.1 Case-1 PV/Biomass Hybrid System 127

5.7.1.2 Case 2 – Hybrid PV/Biogas System 128

5.8 Conclusion 131

References 132

6 Experimental Investigation of Solar Photovoltaic Cold Storage With Thermal Energy Storage 135
K. Sahoo, V. Yadav, N. Goyal, S. Kumar, Y. Singh, S. Mukhopadhyay, U. Sahoo, A.K. Tripathi and C. Banerjee

6.1 Introduction 136

6.2 Scope of Cold Storage in India 137

6.3 Materials and Method 138

6.3.1 Experimental Setup 138

6.4 Economic Analysis 141

6.4.1 Payback Period 149

6.5 Different Business Models for SPV Cold Storage With Thermal Energy Storage 149

6.6 Result and Discussions 153

6.7 Conclusions 164

Acknowledgements 165

Abbreviations 165

References 166

7 Estimation of Fault Voltages in Renewable Energy–Based Microgrid 169
Golla Anand, Chinmoy Basak, Rishabh Anand, Sourav Sahoo and Prof. Sarita Nanda

7.1 Introduction 170

7.2 Problem Formulation 173

7.2.1 Taylor Series Based Voltage Signal Formulation 173

7.2.2 Recursive Least Square (RLS) Algorithm 175

7.3 Pseudo Code/Algorithm for Taylor-RLS 176

7.4 Experimental Validation 177

7.5 Conclusion 181

References 181

8 Optimization of PV-Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Health Care Buildings in Smart City 183

A. Karthick, V. Kumar Chinnaiyan, J. Karpagam, V.S. Chandrika and P. Ravi Kumar

8.1 Introduction 184

8.2 Objectives and Methodology 186

8.3 Description of the HE 188

8.4 Results and Discussion 189

8.5 Conclusion 195

Nomenclatures 196

References 196

9 Hybrid Solar-Biomass Gasifier System for Electricity and Cold Storage Applications for Rural Areas of India 199
Nasir ul Rasheed Rather and Umakanta Sahoo

9.1 Introduction 200

9.2 Literature Review 202

9.2.1 Gasification of Biomass 202

9.2.2 Solar Energy Cooling and Heating 203

9.2.3 Engine Exhaust and Waste Heat Recovery 204

9.3 Materials and Methods 205

9.3.1 System Components 205

9.3.1.1 Biomass Gasifier 207

9.3.1.2 Gas-Engine Generator 209

9.3.1.3 Waste Heat Recovery Unit 210

9.3.1.4 Scheffler Dish Collector 213

9.3.1.5 Vapor Absorption Machine (VAM) 224

9.3.1.6 Cold Storage Unit 230

9.4 Performance Evaluation 233

9.4.1 Thermodynamic Analysis 234

9.5 Results and Discussion 235

9.6 Conclusion & Suggestions for Future Work 244

Suggestions for Future Work 244

References 245

Index 247