Heat Transfer in Process Engineering

by Eduardo Cao

Overview

Cutting-edge heat transfer principles and design applications

Apply advanced heat transfer concepts to your chemical, petrochemical, and refining equipment designs using the detailed information contained in this comprehensive volume. Filled with valuable graphs, tables, and charts, Heat Transfer in Process Engineering covers the latest analytical and empirical methods for use with current industry software. Select heat transfer equipment, make better use of design software, calculate heat transfer coefficients, troubleshoot your heat transfer process, and comply with design and construction standards.

Heat Transfer in Process Engineering allows you to:

• Review heat transfer principles with a direct focus on process equipment design
• Design, rate, and specify shell and tube, plate, and hairpin heat exchangers
• Design, rate, and specify air coolers with plain or finned tubes
• Design, rate, and specify different types of condensers with tube or shellside condensation for pure fluids or multicomponent mixtures
• Understand the principles and correlations of boiling heat transfer, with their limits on and applications to different types of reboiler design
• Apply correlations for fired heater ratings, for radiant and convective zones, and calculate fuel efficiency
• Obtain a set of useful Excel worksheets for process heat transfer calculations

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780071626132
Publisher:	McGraw Hill LLC
Publication date:	08/12/2009
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	736
File size:	28 MB
Note:	This product may take a few minutes to download.

About the Author

Dr. Eduardo Cao is a professor of Heat Transfer Unit Operation at the Chemical Engineering Departments of Buenos Aires University and ITBA (Instituto Tecnologico de Buenos Aires).

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Chapter 2 Heat Transfer Fundamentals 3

2-1 Concept of Unit Operations 3

2-2 Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics 3

2-3 Temperature and Internal Energy 5

2-4 Continuous and Steady-State Systems 5

2-5 Formulation of the First Law for Continuous Systems 6

2-6 Thermodynamic Variables 8

2-7 Heat Transfer Mechanisms 9

Glossary 13

Chapter 3 Heat Conduction in Solids 15

3-1 General Equation of Conduction in Solids 15

3-2 Heat Conduction Through a Wall 16

3-3 Steady-State Conduction Heat Transfer in Multidimensional Systems 26

3-4 Thermal Insulation 28

Glossary 34

References 34

Chapter 4 Convection 35

4-1 Forced Convection Over a Flat Plate 35

4-2 Forced Convection Inside Tubes 44

4-3 Forced Convection Around Submerged Objects 60

4-4 Natural Convection 66

Glossary 76

References 77

Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Heat Transfer Between Fluids 79

5-1 The Enthalpy Balance 79

5-2 Heat Transfer Area and Heat Transfer Coefficient 81

5-3 Expression of the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient as a Function of the Film Coefficients 82

5-4 Mean Temperature Difference Between Two Fluids 86

5-5 Calculation of the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient and Pressure Drop for Double-Tube Heat Exchangers 94

5-6 Heat Exchanger Process Specifications 98

5-7 Design Procedure for a Double-Tube Heat Exchanger 102

Glossary 111

References 113

Chapter 6 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 115

6-1 Design and Construction Standards 115

6-2 Principal Components of a Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger 116

6-3 Baffles 117

6-4 Tubes and Tube Distribution 122

6-5 Tubes to Tubesheets Joint 124

6-6 Multipass Heat Exchangers 127

6-7 HeatExchangers with Multiple Shell Passes 129

6-8 Front Heads (Inlet Heads) 132

6-9 Fixed-Tubesheet and Removable-Bundle Heat Exchangers 133

6-10 Tube Vibration 141

6-11 Specification Sheet 145

6-12 Design and Construction of Heat Exchangers 145

References 146

Chapter 7 Thermal Design of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 147

7-1 Basic Principles 147

7-2 LMTD Correction Factors for Other Flow Configurations 151

7-3 Basic Design Parameters of a Heat Exchanger 157

7-4 Convection Film Coefficient and Pressure Drop in the Tube Side 160

7-5 Heat Transfer Coefficient and Pressure Drop at the Shell Side 164

7-6 Design and Rating of Heat Exchangers 193

7-7 Heat Exchanger Effectiveness 205

Glossary 213

Glossary of the Heat Exchanger Geometry 214

References 215

Chapter 8 Finned Tubes 217

8-1 Double-Tube Heat Exchangers with Longitudinal Fins 217

8-2 Air Coolers 231

Glossary 251

References 253

Chapter 9 Plate Heat Exchangers 255

9-1 Operating Principles and General Description 255

9-2 Series-Parallel Combination 258

9-3 Components of a Gasketed Plate Heat Exchanger 260

9-4 Use and Limitations of Gasketed Plate Heat Exchangers 264

9-5 Welded and Semiwelded Plate Heat Exchangers 265

9-6 Plate Heat Exchangers versus Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers 265

9-7 Typical Heat Transfer Coefficients 266

9-8 Heat Transfer and Pressure-Drop Correlations for Plate Heat Exchangers 267

9-9 LMTD Correction Factor 269

9-10 Fouling Resistances 269

9-11 Number of Transfer Units and Specific Pressure Drop 272

Glossary 273

References 274

Chapter 10 Condensation of Vapors 275

10-1 Mechanisms of Condensation 275

10-2 Condensation of Single-Component Vapors 277

10-3 Single-Component Vapors Condensers 292

10-4 Desuperheater Condensers 303

10-5 Condensation of Vapor Mixtures 309

10-6 The Use of Steam as Process Heating Medium 318

Glossary 327

References 329

Chapter 11 Boiling 331

11-1 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer to Boiling Liquids 331

11-2 Pool Boiling 345

11-3 Flow Boiling in Tubes 352

11-4 Reboilers 367

Glossary 392

References 394

Chapter 12 Thermal Radiation 395

12-1 Heat Transfer by Radiation Through Transparent Media 395

12-2 Radiant Heat Transmission in Absorbing Media 426

Glossary 438

References 438

Chapter 13 Process Fired Heaters 439

13-1 Simplified Schematic 439

13-2 Combustion 439

13-3 Applications of Fired Heaters 446

13-4 Heater Types 448

13-5 Heater Components 452

13-6 Elements for the Design and Verification of the Capacity of a Fired Heater 458

Glossary 482

References 483

Appendix A Distillation 485

Control Scheme 487

Total and Partial Condenser 488

Simulation of Distillation Columns 488

Phase Equilibrium in a Multicomponent System 489

Mass and Energy Balances 490

Condensation and Boiling Curves 492

Appendix B LMTD Correction Factors for E-Shell Heat Exchangers 495

Appendix C LMTD Correction Factors for Air Coolers 501

Appendix D Tube Count Tables 505

Appendix E Tube Layout 509

Appendix F Fouling Factors 523

Appendix G Typical Heat Transfer Coefficients 527

Appendix H Dimensions of Tubes According to BWG Standard 529

Appendix I Physical Properties of Pure Substances 531

Appendix J Heat Exchanger Data Sheet 547

Appendix K Unit Conversions 551

Index 555