Griswold v. Connecticut: Birth Control and the Constitutional Right of Privacy

by John W. Johnson

Overview

Langum Prize, Honorable Mention

Americans value privacy as one of their most cherished rights, yet the word "privacy" isn't even mentioned in the U.S. Constitution. It took the Supreme Court's ruling in Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) to bestow constitutional protection upon this right. That remains one of the Court's most hotly debated rulings and led directly to an even more controversial decision in Roe v. Wade (1973). John Johnson's masterly critique of the 1965 Griswold decision reminds us once again of its crucial impact on both American law and society.

Johnson explores Griswold's origins in a challenge to Connecticut's 1879 anti-contraception law, provides a detailed narrative of its progress, examines the unfolding of the newly secured right of privacy up to recent controversies over same-sex relations, and grounds the story in two key contexts: the struggle within one state to establish the right to birth control and the national debate over the right of privacy. He also provides important insights into the Supreme Court decision in Poe v. Ullman (1961), which rejected challenges to the Connecticut's law and was itself immediately challenged. In response to Poe, Planned Parenthood opened a clinic in New Haven to dispense birth control advice and devices to married women. Ten days later, a local prosecutor shut the clinic down and indicted executive director Estelle Griswold and her medical director, C. Lee Buxton.

Tracing the progress of Griswold's case, Johnson clarifies how privacy or "the right to be let alone" became a judicially constructed right. In one of the most idiosyncratic opinions in the Court's history, Justice William O. Douglas ruled that "emanations" from five constitutional amendments afforded protection to the right of privacy, while several other justices proposed competing rationales in support. As he unravels this fascinating tale, Johnson reveals a multifaceted decision that was not in fact the doctrinal novelty that many scholars have argued.

For two generations, Griswold has functioned as the legal basis for judicial rulings involving issues of sexual intimacy, reproductive rights, and family life. Even today, it continues to set the agenda for debates about privacy in American life and about how the Constitution itself should be interpreted. Johnson's deft and incisive analysis of the case will interest anyone concerned about the nature, scope, and future of privacy in America.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780700634286
Publisher:	University Press of Kansas
Publication date:	09/10/2022
Series:	Landmark Law Cases and American Society
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	280
File size:	1 MB

Table of Contents

Editors' Preface

Acknowledgments

Introduction

1. The Connecticut Exception to Birth Control in America

2. Judicial Challenges to the Connecticut Ban on Birth Control

3. More Judicial False Starts

4. "To Be Let Alone": The Emerging Right to Privacy

5. Back in Connecticut

6. Attracting the Attention of the Supreme Court

7. The Supreme Court Hears the Birth Control Case

8. Confidential Discussion and Public Decision

9. Reactions and Repercussions

10. Elaboration of the Constitutional Right of Privacy

Epilogue: Privacy and Sexuality at the Dawn of a New Century

Chronology

Bibliographic Essay

Index

Editorial Reviews

"We owe Johnson a deep debt of gratitude for providing us with such keen insight into one of the Supreme Court’s most influential decisions."—New York Law Journal

"A highly readable account that, like Anthony Lewis’s classic Gideon’s Trumpet, would be suitable for introductory American government or law classes."—Law and Politics Book Review

“An illuminating, lucid account of how the argument for a right to contraception moved from the radical feminist fringe to recognition by the Supreme Court as a basic human right—later extended to abortion and gay/lesbian sex.”—David A.J. Richards, author of Women, Gays, and the Constitution: The Grounds for Feminism and Gay Rights in Culture and Law

“Demonstrates that the constitutionally protected right to privacy, as defined by Griswold, is only of recent vintage but has ramifications for American law and politics that are likely to last for many years.”—Philippa Strum, author of When the Nazis Came to Skokie: Freedom for Speech We Hate

From the Publisher