Good Observers of Nature: American Women and the Scientific Study of the Natural World, 1820-1885

by Tina Gianquitto

Overview

In "Good Observers of Nature" Tina Gianquitto examines nineteenth-century American women's intellectual and aesthetic experiences of nature and investigates the linguistic, perceptual, and scientific systems that were available to women to describe those experiences.

Many women writers of this period used the natural world as a platform for discussing issues of domesticity, education, and the nation. To what extent, asks Gianquitto, did these writers challenge the prevalent sentimental narrative modes (like those used in the popular flower language books) and use scientific terminology to describe the world around them? The book maps the intersections of the main historical and narrative trajectories that inform the answer to this question: the changing literary representations of the natural world in texts produced by women from the 1820s to the 1880s and the developments in science from the Enlightenment to the advent of evolutionary biology. Though Gianquitto considers a range of women's nature writing (botanical manuals, plant catalogs, travel narratives, seasonal journals, scientific essays), she focuses on four writers and their most influential works: Almira Phelps (Familiar Lectures on Botany, 1829), Margaret Fuller (Summer on the Lakes, in 1843), Susan Fenimore Cooper (Rural Hours, 1850), and Mary Treat (Home Studies in Nature, 1885).

From these writings emerges a set of common concerns about the interaction of reason and emotion in the study of nature, the best vocabularies for representing objects in nature (local, scientific, or moral), and the competing systems for ordering the natural world (theological, taxonomic, or aesthetic). This is an illuminating study about the culturally assumed relationship between women, morality, and science.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780820336558
Publisher:	University of Georgia Press
Publication date:	01/25/2010
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	232
File size:	2 MB

About the Author

TINA GIANQUITTO is an associate professor of literature in the Division of Liberal Arts and International Studies at the Colorado School of Mines.

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations     ix
Acknowledgments     xi
Introduction: The Languages of Nature: An Overview     1
Botany's Beautiful Arrangment: Almira Phelps and Enlightenment Science     15
The Pressure of Hidden Causes: Margaret Fuller and Romantic Science     57
The Noble Designs of Nature: Susan Fenimore Cooper, Natural Science, and the Picturesque Aesthetic     100
Spiders, Ants, and Carnivorous Plants: Mary Treat and Evolutionary Science     136
Epilogue: Human Homes in Nature's Household: The Emergence of a Conservation Ethic     177
Notes     181
Bibliography     197
Index     213

Editorial Reviews

[P]rovides a sweeping, historically contextualized view of women's science writing in this period and, at the same time, presents a careful and detailed textual analysis of the written works of four specific, yet representative, women.

Isis

Gianquitto’s work brings important ecocritical attention to 'home' environments such as the backyard or the neighborhood forest, foregrounding the question, 'What does it mean to be a ‘good observer’ . . . of the natural world?'

American Literature

A fine addition to the growing shelf of books on women in nineteenth-century natural science, with a welcome focus on the United States. In these four fascinating case studies, Gianquitto explores women's evolving responses to shifting concepts of nature, from Linnaeus to Darwin. As natural science challenged fixed notions of home, nation, and religion, each of these women creatively appropriated the language and tools of science to redefine domestic ideology. From home as a fixed moral center, 'home' and 'morality' move apart to become, by century's end, dynamic cocreators in an evolving community where humans are not supreme rulers but responsible partners with nature—a vision that moves women from the margins of science to its center and initiates an environmental ethic that values not remote wild spaces but familiar home places. Scholars of literature, the history of science, and women's studies will all gain much from this well-informed and wide-ranging study.

author of Emerson's Life in Science - Laura Dassow Walls

Lucid, nuanced, and engaging, this carefully historicized work represents an important addition to current ecocritical literature. More than a study of nature writing, Good Observers of Nature also contributes to current debates on women's education, the interaction between public and private spheres, and the relationship between science, sentimentalism, and romanticism.

University of North Carolina at Greensboro - Karen Kilcup

[A] welcome addition to the growing body of scholarship on nineteenth-century American women and their relationship to science and nature.

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