Global Organized Crime: A Reference Handbook available in Hardcover, eBook
Global Organized Crime: A Reference Handbook
- ISBN-10:
- 159884332X
- ISBN-13:
- 9781598843323
- Pub. Date:
- 05/05/2010
- Publisher:
- Bloomsbury Academic
- ISBN-10:
- 159884332X
- ISBN-13:
- 9781598843323
- Pub. Date:
- 05/05/2010
- Publisher:
- Bloomsbury Academic
Global Organized Crime: A Reference Handbook
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Overview
Global Organized Crime: A Reference Handbook examines global organized crime dating back to its 17th-century roots. Unlike most works on the subject, which take a parochial approach by concentrating on individual countries or regions, this book uniquely details the impact of 21st-century globalization on such groups and their activities.
Exploring the continuum of international organized crime and related developments from its early beginnings to the present era, the book also looks at the complicated issues that continue to influence its growth. It covers the impact of the end of the Cold War, immigration, the global drug trade, weapons sales, human smuggling and trafficking, the convergence of funding sources, and the effects of technology. What especially distinguishes this book is the connections it makes between organized crime activities and failed states, civil wars, political transitions, regional conflicts, and terrorist groups.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781598843323 |
---|---|
Publisher: | Bloomsbury Academic |
Publication date: | 05/05/2010 |
Series: | Contemporary World Issues |
Pages: | 308 |
Product dimensions: | 6.10(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.10(d) |
About the Author
Table of Contents
List of Tables xv
Preface xvii
1 Global Organized Crime: A Brief History 1
Introduction 1
Piracy 2
History 2
Economic Factors 3
Definition 4
Piracy in the 21st Century 5
Piracy then and Now 7
Background 9
Globalization 9
Defining Organized Crime 10
Transnational Crime: Definitions and Types 12
Mafia 12
Structures of Organized Crime Groups 14
Major Global Organized Crime Activities 16
Slavery and Human Trafficking 16
Structures of Human Trafficking Operations 19
Human Trafficking versus Human Smuggling 20
Coyotes 21
Snakeheads 22
Illicit Drug Trafficking 22
Weapons Trafficking 27
Conclusion 29
References 30
2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions 35
Introduction 35
Circumstances and Conditions 36
Failed States 36
Corruption 37
Political Officials 37
Police 39
Tribalism and Ethnicity 40
Civil Wars, Political Transitions, Regional Conflicts 41
Organized Crime and Terrorism 45
Borrowed Tactics 48
Organized Crime Hybrids 50
Intersecting Activities 50
Narcoterrorism 52
Diamond Smuggling 54
Counterfeiting 55
Nuclear Smuggling 57
Other Types of Criminal Activities 58
Money Laundering 58
Hawala 59
Offshore Banking and Shell Corporations 60
Controlling Money Laundering 61
Electronic Money Laundering 62
High-Tech Crimes 63
Nigerian Advance Fee Fraud 65
Music Piracy 66
Gang Structures 67
Russian Mafiya 67
Drug Cartels 67
Export Syndicates 69
Crossing the U.S.-Mexico Border 70
Prison Gangs and Street Gangs 71
Law Enforcement 72
International Cooperation 72
European Union 74
Barriers to International Law Enforcement 75
Language 76
Varying Laws and Jurisdictions 77
Technology 77
Policing Cyberspace 78
Conclusion 78
References 80
3 Global Organized Crime Groups 89
Italian Organized Crime Groups 89
The Sicilian and Italian-American Mafias 89
The Americanization of the Mafia 92
Camorra [Naples, Italy] 94
'Ndrangheta [Calabria, Italy] 94
The Corsicans 96
Russian Organized Crime (ROC) 97
Mexican Drug Cartels 99
Juarez Cartel 100
Sinaloa Cartel 101
Tijuana Cartel [Arrellano-Felix Organization] 101
Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas 102
Guadalajara Cartel [Amezcua-Contreras Organization] 103
Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) [Central America, Mexico, United States] 104
Asian Organized Crime Groups 105
Triads [China] 105
Big Circle Boys [China] 108
The Green Gang [China] 109
Tongs and Chinese Street Gangs [United States and Canada] 109
Yakuza [Japan] 111
Organized Crime Groups in Other Regions 114
Jamaican Posses [Caribbean, United Kingdom, United States] 114
Nigerian Gangs [Africa] 116
Hells Angels [United States, Western Europe, Canada, Australia] 117
References 119
4 Chronology 125
5 Biographical Sketches 149
Global Organized Crime Figures 149
Juan Carlos Ramirez Abadia 149
Jose Miguel Battle 149
Viktor Bout 150
Klass Bruinsma 151
Tommaso Buscetta 151
Ibrahim Dawood 152
Pablo Emilio Escobar-Gaviria 153
Don Vito Cascio Ferro 154
Gregorio Sauceda Gamboa 154
Osiel Cardenas Guillen 155
Joaquin Guzman 155
Vyacheslav Ivankov 156
Daut Kadriovski 156
Yoshio Kodama 157
Luciano Leggio 157
Heriberto Lazcano 158
Arturo Beltran Leyva 158
Charles "Lucky" Luciano 159
Semion Mogilevich 159
Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno 160
Cheng Chui Peng 161
Ze'ev Rosenstein 161
Khun Sa 162
Charles Ghankay Taylor 162
Tu Yueh-sheng 163
Crime Fighters 163
Harry Anslinger 163
Thomas Dewey 164
Giovanni Falcone 164
Rudolph Giuliani 165
Walter Maierovitch 165
Cesare Mori 166
Giuseppe Petrosino 166
Joseph D. Pistone 167
Enrique Camarena Salazar 168
Researchers 168
Howard Abadinsky 168
Jay S. Albanese 169
Pino Arlacchi 169
Ko-lin Chin 170
T.J. English 170
Cyrille Fijnaut 170
James Finckenauer 171
Robert J. Kelly 171
Letizia Paoli 172
Kip Schlegel 172
Joseph Serio 172
Louise Shelley 173
Federico Varese 173
Klaus von Lampe 174
Michael Woodiwiss 174
6 Data and Documents 175
Facts and Statistics on Organized Crime 175
Defining Organized Crime 176
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (1970) 176
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (2000) 179
Categories of Transnational Criminal Offenses 181
Drug Trafficking 182
Potential Worldwide Heroin Production, in Metric Tons, 2002-2006 182
Estimated Andean Region Coca Cultivation 184
Estimated Amounts of Illicit Drugs Transiting or Produced in Mexico and Seized, 2000-2006 184
Gangs Affiliated with the Sinaloa, Gulf, Juarez, or Tijuana Cartels 185
The 20 Largest Cocaine Seizures Ever Reported 186
Drug Seizures in the Central Asian Region, 2005-2006 186
International Opium Convention of 1912 188
Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914 189
Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 191
The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 192
The Merida Initiative, 2008 193
Weapons Trafficking 195
Inter-American Convention against the Illicit
Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Materials, 1997 195
U.S. Senator Richard Lugar on Weapons Trafficking, 2009 198
End User Certificate (EUC) 199
Human Smuggling and Trafficking Legislation and Statistics 201
Human Trafficking and Smuggling Definitions 201
United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 1951 201
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Article 3, Supplementing the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, 2000 202
Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, Article 3, Supplementing the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 2000 202
The Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking Human Beings, 2005 202
Crackdown on Human Trafficking in 2005 203
Selected Average Costs for Human Smuggling, 2005 203
Services Required by Successful Trafficking Operations 204
Organized Crime Groups in the European Union (2005) 205
Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (2005) 205
Other Types of Organized Crime 208
Kimberley Process Certification Scheme, 2003 208
Gambling Prohibition and Enforcement Act, 2006 210
Money Laundering 211
Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 212
Amounts of Money Reported Laundered in the Tri-Border Area (TBA), 1992-2001 (USD) 213
Combating Organized Crime in the United States 214
Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) 214
U.S. Patriot Act, 2001 215
U.S. Attorney General Michael Mukasey, 2008 216
Quotations 217
On Russian Organized Crime 219
On Latin American and Mexican Drug Networks 220
On Drug Trafficking 221
7 Directory of Organizations 223
Academic and Research-Oriented Organizations 223
Governmental Organizations 227
Law Enforcement Organizations 236
Nongovernmental Organizations 244
Investigative Roundtable on Organized Crime 246
8 Resources 249
Print Resources 249
African Organized Crime 249
Asian Organized Crime 249
Canadian Organized Crime 252
European Organized Crime 253
Globalization and Organized Crime 255
Italian Organized Crime 259
Law Enforcement 263
Maritime Piracy 264
Organized Crime and Related Issues 265
Organized Crime-Terrorism Nexus 271
Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs 272
Russian and Soviet-Era Organized Crime 273
Trafficking and Criminal Networks 274
Nonprint Resources 276
Videos 276
Web Sites 282
Glossary 287
Index 293
About the Author 308