Table of Contents
List of figures and tables
Preface to fourth edition
Acknowledgements
Unit 1 The historical, social and political context
1A Introduction to the historical, social and political context
1B The legacy of colonialism
1C Postcolonial North America and Africa
1D The discourses of postcolonialism (Alastair Pennycook)
Unit 2 Who speaks English today?
2A Introduction to who speaks English today?
2B The English Today debate
2C Teaching and testing global Englishes
2D Who owns English today? (Henry Widdowson)
Unit 3 English as an international lingua franca
3A Introduction to English as an international lingua franca
3B The nature of ELF communication
3C The evolution of thinking about ELF
3D The future of English as a lingua franca (Jennifer Jenkins)
Unit 4 English and ELF in global education
4A Introduction to English and ELF in global education
4B Towards the ELF-informed classroom
4C Problematising English in EMI higher education
4D The end of ‘international’ standardised English language testing? (Jennifer Jenkins and Constant Leung)
Unit 5 Standard language ideology in the Anglophone world
5A Introduction to standard language ideology in the Anglophone world
5B Diversity across Anglophone space
5C Standards across channels
5D Is language (still) power in the inner circle? (Lesley Milroy)
Unit 6 Variation across postcolonial Englishes
6A Introduction to variation across postcolonial Englishes
6B ‘Legitimate’ and ‘illegitimate’ offspring of English
6C ‘Sub’-varieties of English: the example of Singlish
6D From language to literature (Chinua Achebe and Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o)
Unit 7 English in Asia, Europe and Latin America
7A Introduction to English in Asia, Europe and Latin America
7B En route to new linguistic practices
7C Asian Englishes: focus on India, Hong Kong and China
7D Attitudes to non-native Englishes in China (Ying Wang)
Unit 8 The future of global Englishes
8A Introduction to the future of global Englishes
8B Possible future scenarios
8C Language killer or language promoter?
8D Looking ahead (Alastair Pennycook)
Further reading
References
Glossarial index