Geochemistry of Organic Matter in the Ocean

by Evgenii A. Romankevich

Overview

My work Geochemistry oj organic matter in the ocean first appeared in Russian in 1978. Since then much progress has been made in the exploration of various forms of organic matter in the ocean: dissolved, colloidal, organic matter sus­ pended in particles and that contained in bottom sediments and in interstitial waters. The appropriate evidence is found in hundreds of articles and several re­ view works, such as Andersen (1977), Biogeochimie de [a matiere organique a ['interjace eau-sedimentmarine (1980), Duursma and Dawson (1981). A great amount of new information has been obtained in the Soviet Union's scientific institutions on the composition and distribution in natural waters and bottom sediments of organic matter and its separate components playing a crucial role in the formation of the chemical and biological structure of the ocean and its productivity, in the biogeochemistry of the elements and geochemistry of organic matter in the Earth's sedimentary cover. The areas of exploration have expanded over the past four-and-a-half years to embrace many new, little-known regions, including the Arctic seas. In contrast to the three preceeding decades, the research has been focused on investigating the existing forms, the distribution and accumulation of organic matter in near­ continental oceanic zones between land and sea, and in river estuaries.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9783642499661
Publisher:	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publication date:	05/30/2012
Edition description:	Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1984
Pages:	336
Product dimensions:	6.69(w) x 9.61(h) x 0.03(d)

Table of Contents

Abbreviations.- 1. Sources of Organic Matter in the Ocean.- 1.1 Primary Production of Organic Matter.- 1.2 Input of Allochthonous Organic Matter.- 2. Carbon of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Ocean.- 2.1 Total Quantity.- 2.2 Time of Residence.- 2.3 Distribution Patterns.- 3. Carbon of Particulate Organic Matter.- 3.1 POC Distribution from Separation Data.- 3.2 POC Distribution from Filtration and Sediment Traps Data.- 3.3 POC in Dry Matter of Suspended Material.- 3.4 Relationship Between POC and DOC.- 3.5 Living Organic Matter in Suspended Material.- 3.6 Total Quantity and Residence Time of Particulate Organic Matter in the Ocean.- 3.7 Organic Matter Morphology.- 3.8 Supply of Organic Matter in Ocean Depths and Ocean Floor.- 4. Organic Carbon in Late Quarternary Sediments of Seas and Oceans.- 4.1 Morphology of Non-Living Organic Matter in Recent Sediments.- 4.2 Principles Governing the Distribution of Organic Carbon in Bottom Sediments.- 4.3 Organic Carbon Distribution in the Size-Fractions of Sediments: Relation Between Organic Carbon and CaCO3 and SiO2(amorph).- 4.4 The Absolute Masses of Organic Carbon in the Sediments.- 5. Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Process of Sedimentogenesis.- 5.1 Nitrogen and the Nitrogen-Carbon Ratio.- 5.2 Phosphorus and the Phosphorus-Carbon Ratio.- 5.3 Certain Features of the Cycling of Nitrogen and Phosphorus During Sedimentogenesis.- 6. Proteinaceous Compounds and Amino Acids.- 7. Carbohydrates.- 7.1 Carbohydrates in the Major Producers and Consumers of Organic Matter in the Ocean.- 7.2 Carbohydrates in Sea Waters.- 7.3 Carbohydrates in the Suspended Matter.- 7.4 Carbohydrates in Bottom Sediments.- 8. Chemical Transformations of Lipids During Sedimentogenesis.- 8.1 Lipids of Marine Organisms.- 8.2 Sea Water Lipids.- 8.3 Lipids in Suspended Material.- 8.4 Lipids in Bottom Sediments.- 8.5 Transformation of Lipids in Sedimentogenesis.- 9. Specific Organic Compounds.- 9.1 Humic Substances of Sea Water.- 9.2 Distribution of Humic Acids and Residual Organic Matter Humins in Suspended Matter and in Bottom Sediments.- 9.3 Elementary Composition.- 9.4 Molecular Weight Distribution.- 9.5 Amino Acid Composition. The Content of Carbohydrates and Functional Groups.- 9.6 The Composition of Destructive Oxidation Products.- 9.7 The Origin of Humic Acids in Bottom Sediments.- Conclusion.- References.