Table of Contents
Preface v
1 Böet;hm's Theorem Stefano Guerrini Adolfo Piperno Mariangiola Dezani-Ciancaglini 1
1 Introduction 1
2 Böet;hm's Theorem for Trees 4
3 Böet;hm's Theorem for λ-Calculus 8
4 Follow-Up to Böet;hm's Theorem 10
4.1 Böet;hm's work on Böet;hm's theorem 10
4.2 Generalizations of Böet;hm's theorem 10
4.3 Theories and models of λ-calculus 11
4.4 Böet;hm trees and Böet;hm-out-technique 11
4.5 Observational equivalence 12
2 Membrane Computing: History and Brief Introduction Gheorghe Păun 17
1 Personal Views on the History of Membrane Computing 18
1.1 The pre-history 18
1.2 The first years 21
1.3 The recent years 24
1.4 The next years 27
2 Elements of Membrane Computing 28
2.1 The three main classes of P systems 28
2.2 Cell-like P systems: An informal presentation 29
2.3 Basic ingredients of P systems 31
2.4 A large number of variants 34
2.5 Computational completeness 36
2.6 Computational efficiency 37
2.7 Applications 39
3 Critique of Computational Reason in the Natural Sciences Giuseppe Longo 43
1 From the Alphabet to the Machine 43
2 The Elementary and the Complex 46
3 Imitations and Models 48
3.1 Models, processes, and unpredictability 53
4 Calculus, Physics, and Living Phenomena 58
5 But... Natural Processes Computer? 61
6 Mnemonic Interlude 65
7 Conclusion: A Question of Principles 67
4 Deterministic Computation with Random G-Networks Erol Gelenbe Zhi-Hong Mao Yanda Li 71
1 Introduction 71
2 The GNN and Its Extensions 73
2.1 Stationary or steady-state solution 75
2.2 The bipolar GNN or BGNN 76
3 Approximation of Functions of One Variable bythe GNN with a Bounded Number of Layers 77
3.1 Technical premises 78
3.2 BGNN approximation of continuous functions of one variable 81
3.3 CGNN approximation of continuous functions of one variable 84
4 Approximation of Continuous Functions of s Variables 84
5 Conclusions 91
5 Assertions: A Personal Perspective Tony Hoare 97
1 Experience in Industry, 1960-1968 97
2 Research in Belfast, 1968-1977 102
3 Move to Oxford, 1977-1999 106
4 Back in Industry, 1999 111
6 The Call To ARMs Steve Furber 117
1 Acorn Computer Ltd 117
2 The BBC Micro 119
3 Why Design a Microprocessor? 120
4 The ARM Design Process 122
5 The Formation of ARM Ltd 125
6 A 20-year Perspective 126
7 Carl Adam Petri and "Petri Nets" Wilfried Brauer Wolfgang Reisig 129
1 Introduction 129
2 The Dissertation 130
3 Carl Adam Petri, The Man 133
4 The Years Until 1980 135
5 The Years Since 1980 136
6 Honors 137
7 What Will the Future Bring? 138
8 From Stochastic Modeling to Operational Analysis: The Journey Begins Jeffrey P. Buzen 141
1 Stochastic Processes and the Central Server Model 141
2 Early Concerns About Stochastic Modeling 143
3 Impact of Empirical Success 144
4 Lectures at Serre Chevalier and Bologna 145
5 Emergence of Operational Analysis 146
9 From Rocket Control to Virtual Design Olivier Pironneau 151
1 Computational Fluid Dynamics 151
2 Open Problems 154
3 Computational Fluid Dynamics and Computer Science 156
