Table of Contents
Preface ix
Introduction 1
What Is an Insect? 2
Growth and Reproduction 2
Breathing and Circulation 3
Feeding 4
Stinging 5
Distribution and Diversity of the California Insect Fauna 5
Topography 7
Geographical Distribution 7
Diversity 14
Microhabitats 17
Making an Insect Collection 17
Classification 19
Names 20
Synopsis of Hexapods and the Orders of Insects 22
Accounts: Systematic Treatment 37
Coneheads (Class Protura) 38
Two-pronged Bristletails (Class Diplura) 38
Springtails (Class Collembola) 38
Insects (Class Insecta) 41
Bristletails (Order Archaeognatha) 41
Silverfish (Order Zygentoma) 42
Mayflies (Order Ephemeroptera) 46
Dragonflies and Damselflies (Order Odonata) 51
Stoneflies (Order Plecoptera) 66
Ice Crawlers (Order Grylloblattodea) 70
Cockroaches and Termites (Order Blattodea) 71
Mantises (Order Mantodea) 83
Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids (Order Orthoptera) 86
Walking Sticks (Order Phasmida) 106
Webspinners (Order Embiidina) 109
Earwigs (Order Dermaptera) 110
Barklice, Booklice, and Parasitic Lice (Order Psocodea) 114
True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids, Scales, and Other Bugs (Order Hemiptera) 121
Thrips (Order Thysanoptera) 171
Fishflies and Alderfftes (Order Megaloptera) 175
Snakeflies (Order Raphidtoptera) 176
Nerve-winged Insects (Order Neuroptera) 178
Stylops (Order Strepsiptera) 188
Beetles (Order Coleoptera) 189
Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) 266
Flies, Gnats, and Midges (Order Diptera) 269
Scorpionflies (Order Mecoptera) 331
Caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) 332
Moths and Butterflies (Order Lepidoptera) 347
Ants, Wasps, and Bees (Order Hymenoptera) 426
Acknowledgments 483
Glossary 485
Bibliography 489
Online Resources 494
Photo Credits 495
Index 497
About the Authors 521