Economics of Worldwide Stagflation
This book sets forth both a theory and a comparative empirical analysis of stagflation, that peculiar combination of high unemployment, slow growth, and spurts of high inflation bedeviling the advanced industrial nations during the past fifteen years.

The authors first construct a small macroeconomic model that takes full account of aggregate demand and supply forces in the determination of output, employment, and the price level, in both a single-economy and a multi-economy setting. They then apply the model to provide an understanding of comparative performance of industrial countries in the areas of unemployment, inflation, productivity, and investment growth. They argue convincingly that the decay of the major economies during this period resulted from the supply shocks of the 1970s, such as the two major OPEC oil-price increases, and from the consequent policy-induced decrease in demand in response to inflationary pressures. Their analysis differs markedly from similar studies in that it takes specific account of institutional differences in the labor markets of the various economies. This helps to explain in particular the divergent adjustment profiles of the United States and Europe.

Bruno and Sachs make several key recommendations for the mix of demand management and incomes policies necessary to combat stagflation in individual countries as well as for the coordination of macroeconomic policies among the major industrial nations.

"1000620165"
Economics of Worldwide Stagflation
This book sets forth both a theory and a comparative empirical analysis of stagflation, that peculiar combination of high unemployment, slow growth, and spurts of high inflation bedeviling the advanced industrial nations during the past fifteen years.

The authors first construct a small macroeconomic model that takes full account of aggregate demand and supply forces in the determination of output, employment, and the price level, in both a single-economy and a multi-economy setting. They then apply the model to provide an understanding of comparative performance of industrial countries in the areas of unemployment, inflation, productivity, and investment growth. They argue convincingly that the decay of the major economies during this period resulted from the supply shocks of the 1970s, such as the two major OPEC oil-price increases, and from the consequent policy-induced decrease in demand in response to inflationary pressures. Their analysis differs markedly from similar studies in that it takes specific account of institutional differences in the labor markets of the various economies. This helps to explain in particular the divergent adjustment profiles of the United States and Europe.

Bruno and Sachs make several key recommendations for the mix of demand management and incomes policies necessary to combat stagflation in individual countries as well as for the coordination of macroeconomic policies among the major industrial nations.

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Economics of Worldwide Stagflation

Economics of Worldwide Stagflation

Economics of Worldwide Stagflation

Economics of Worldwide Stagflation

Hardcover(Reprint 2014)

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Overview

This book sets forth both a theory and a comparative empirical analysis of stagflation, that peculiar combination of high unemployment, slow growth, and spurts of high inflation bedeviling the advanced industrial nations during the past fifteen years.

The authors first construct a small macroeconomic model that takes full account of aggregate demand and supply forces in the determination of output, employment, and the price level, in both a single-economy and a multi-economy setting. They then apply the model to provide an understanding of comparative performance of industrial countries in the areas of unemployment, inflation, productivity, and investment growth. They argue convincingly that the decay of the major economies during this period resulted from the supply shocks of the 1970s, such as the two major OPEC oil-price increases, and from the consequent policy-induced decrease in demand in response to inflationary pressures. Their analysis differs markedly from similar studies in that it takes specific account of institutional differences in the labor markets of the various economies. This helps to explain in particular the divergent adjustment profiles of the United States and Europe.

Bruno and Sachs make several key recommendations for the mix of demand management and incomes policies necessary to combat stagflation in individual countries as well as for the coordination of macroeconomic policies among the major industrial nations.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780674493032
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Publication date: 02/05/1985
Edition description: Reprint 2014
Pages: 322
Product dimensions: 6.10(w) x 9.06(h) x (d)

About the Author

Sachs Jeffrey D. :

Jeffrey D. Sachs is the Quetelet Professor of Sustainable Development, Professor of Health Policy and Management, and Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

The critique of demand management policies

Adding aggregate supply to the macroeconomic model

A look at supply and demand factors in the stagflationary era

Related studies

Plan of the book

ELEMENTS OF A THEORY

Factor prices and production response

Savings, investment, and international capital flows

Supply shocks and demand management

Real wage gaps and the characterization of unemployment trade-offs

Policy coordination among countries

PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY, AND THE FACTOR PRICE FRONTIER

The production function

The factor price frontier

Material inputs and the analogy of productivity change

The FPF in the three-factor case

Change in terms of trade and demand rationing

Appendix 2A: Empirical factor-price profiles in manufacturing

Appendix 2B: Product measurement

FACTOR ADJUSTMENT TO SUPPLY PRICE SHOCKS

Analysis in terms of the factor price frontier

Changes in labor demand and output supply

Analysis in terms of the two-level CES function

Some simple dynamics

Appendix 3A: General derivation of input demand and output supply functions

SAVINGS, INVESTMENT, AND CAPITAL FLOWS

Production, investment, and the balance of payments

Firm behavior

Household consumption and savings behavior

Temporary and permanent input price shocks

Welfare analysis

Wages, prices, and monetary policy

Determination of the real interest rate in a multicountry world

The differential response of ICs and MICs

STAGFLATION AND SHORT-RUN ADJUSTMENT

The commodity market

The labor market

General equilibrium

Appendix 5A: The detailed model

MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT AND POLICY COORDINATION IN A GLOBAL SETTING

A "world" model with one N-importing region

A world model with two oil-importing economies

The role for policy coordination after a supply shock

Conclusions

Appendix 6A: The detailed models

SIMULATION MODELS

The semitradable model in an infinite horizon

The one-country disequilibrium model

Appendix 7A: Notation used in this chapter

EMPIRICAL OVERVIEW OF STAGFLATION IN THE OECD

Supply and demand factors in the stagflation

Sorting out the roles of supply and demand variables

Summary and conclusions

REAL WAGES AND UNEMPLOYMENT

Measurement of the wage gap

The wage gap and unemployment

The dynamics of the wage gap

Some theoretical explanations of slow wage adjustment

PRICE AND OUTPUT DYNAMICS IN EIGHT ECONOMIES

Inflation equations for the 1970s

Unemployment equations for the 1970s

Conclusions

LABOR MARKETS AND COMPARATIVE MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Measuring macroeconomic performance

An international comparison of wage-setting institutions

Conclusions

Appendix 11A: Wage-setting institutions for twelve countries

SUPPLY SHOCKS, DEMAND RESPONSE, AND THE PRODUCTIVITY PUZZLE

Input substitution, demand, and the productivity slowdown

Value-added measures of productivity growth and resource utilization

Explaining the links of unemployment and trend productivity growth

Comparing OECD and the MICs

LESSONS FOR THEORY AND POLICY

NOTES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX

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