Divine, Demonic, and Disordered: Women without Men in Song Dynasty China
Female chastity stirs trouble in medieval China

A variety of Chinese writings from the Song period (960–1279)—medical texts, religious treatises, fiction, and anecdotes—depict women who were considered peculiar because their sexual bodies did not belong to men. These were women who refused to marry, were considered unmarriageable, or were married but denied their husbands sexual access, thereby removing themselves from social constructs of female sexuality defined in relation to men. As elite male authors attempted to make sense of these women whose sexual bodies were unavailable to them, they were forced to contemplate the purpose of women’s bodies and lives apart from wifehood and motherhood. This raised troubling new questions about normalcy, desire, sexuality, and identity.

In Divine, Demonic, and Disordered, Hsiao-wen Cheng considers accounts of “manless women,” many of which depict women who suffered from “enchantment disorder” or who engaged in “intercourse with ghosts”—conditions with specific symptoms and behavioral patterns. Cheng questions conventional binary gender analyses and shifts attention away from women’s reproductive bodies and familial roles. Her innovative study offers historians of China and readers interested in women, gender, sexuality, medicine, and religion a fresh look at the unstable meanings attached to women’s behaviors and lives even in a time of codified patriarchy.

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Divine, Demonic, and Disordered: Women without Men in Song Dynasty China
Female chastity stirs trouble in medieval China

A variety of Chinese writings from the Song period (960–1279)—medical texts, religious treatises, fiction, and anecdotes—depict women who were considered peculiar because their sexual bodies did not belong to men. These were women who refused to marry, were considered unmarriageable, or were married but denied their husbands sexual access, thereby removing themselves from social constructs of female sexuality defined in relation to men. As elite male authors attempted to make sense of these women whose sexual bodies were unavailable to them, they were forced to contemplate the purpose of women’s bodies and lives apart from wifehood and motherhood. This raised troubling new questions about normalcy, desire, sexuality, and identity.

In Divine, Demonic, and Disordered, Hsiao-wen Cheng considers accounts of “manless women,” many of which depict women who suffered from “enchantment disorder” or who engaged in “intercourse with ghosts”—conditions with specific symptoms and behavioral patterns. Cheng questions conventional binary gender analyses and shifts attention away from women’s reproductive bodies and familial roles. Her innovative study offers historians of China and readers interested in women, gender, sexuality, medicine, and religion a fresh look at the unstable meanings attached to women’s behaviors and lives even in a time of codified patriarchy.

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Divine, Demonic, and Disordered: Women without Men in Song Dynasty China

Divine, Demonic, and Disordered: Women without Men in Song Dynasty China

by Hsiao-wen Cheng
Divine, Demonic, and Disordered: Women without Men in Song Dynasty China

Divine, Demonic, and Disordered: Women without Men in Song Dynasty China

by Hsiao-wen Cheng

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Overview

Female chastity stirs trouble in medieval China

A variety of Chinese writings from the Song period (960–1279)—medical texts, religious treatises, fiction, and anecdotes—depict women who were considered peculiar because their sexual bodies did not belong to men. These were women who refused to marry, were considered unmarriageable, or were married but denied their husbands sexual access, thereby removing themselves from social constructs of female sexuality defined in relation to men. As elite male authors attempted to make sense of these women whose sexual bodies were unavailable to them, they were forced to contemplate the purpose of women’s bodies and lives apart from wifehood and motherhood. This raised troubling new questions about normalcy, desire, sexuality, and identity.

In Divine, Demonic, and Disordered, Hsiao-wen Cheng considers accounts of “manless women,” many of which depict women who suffered from “enchantment disorder” or who engaged in “intercourse with ghosts”—conditions with specific symptoms and behavioral patterns. Cheng questions conventional binary gender analyses and shifts attention away from women’s reproductive bodies and familial roles. Her innovative study offers historians of China and readers interested in women, gender, sexuality, medicine, and religion a fresh look at the unstable meanings attached to women’s behaviors and lives even in a time of codified patriarchy.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780295748320
Publisher: University of Washington Press
Publication date: 01/31/2021
Pages: 244
Product dimensions: 6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)
Age Range: 18 Years

About the Author

Hsiao-wen Cheng is associate professor of East Asian languages and civilizations at the University of Pennsylvania.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments ix

Introduction 3

Part I Reconfiguring Gender, Sexuality, and Illness

1 "Husbandless Women" in Medicine 21

2 Ghost Intercourse in Medical and Daoist Contexts 46

Part II Inconvenient Female Sexuality and Multivocal Narratives

3 Enchantment Disorder and Pre-Song Tales 71

4 Enchanted Women in Song Anecdotes 86

Part III Gendered Identities and Female Celibacy

5 Gendered Practice and Renunciant Identity 119

6 Meanings of Female Celibacy 139

Conclusion 163

Chinese Character Glossary 167

Notes 175

Bibliography 205

Index 219

What People are Saying About This

Jinhua Jia

"An important contribution to the study of gender and sexuality in medieval China."

Suzanne Cahill

"Examines the problems that celibate women posed to the patriarchal, patrilineal society of Middle Period China within the context of the thought patterns and textual productions of that society. Many of the stories and accounts make for pleasurable and even head-turning reading."

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