Table of Contents
Abbreviations xiii
Special Features xv
1 An Introduction to Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships 1
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 A Brief History of Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships 3
1.3 Further Thoughts on Partnerships 7
1.4 Four Dominant Views 8
1.5 What Are Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships? 10
1.6 Review of the Partnership Provisions of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 11
1.7 Partnerships in the Big Society 13
1.8 Implications for Partnerships 15
1.9 About This Book 17
1.10 Summing Up 21
2 The Politics and Management of Community Safety Partnerships 23
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 The Political Rise of Partnerships 24
2.3 Demands on the Police 26
2.4 Organizational Culture 28
2.5 The Problems of Change 30
2.6 Managing Partnerships 32
2.7 Structure of Partnerships 38
2.8 Control and Accountability 40
2.9 Funding Considerations 40
2.10 Inter-Agency Information Sharing and Bichard 41
2.11 Conclusion 44
2.12 Summing Up 45
3 Anti-Social Behaviour 49
3.1 Introduction 50
3.2 Impact of Anti-Social Behaviour 50
3.3 Definitions and Causes of Anti-Social Behaviour 51
3.4 What Can be Done About Anti-Social Behaviour? 53
3.5 Anti-Social Behaviour Orders 60
3.6 Proposed Changes to the Anti-Social Behaviour Legislation 65
3.7 Summing Up 68
4 Community Problems and Crime 71
4.1 Introduction 72
4.2 Begging and Street Drinking 72
4.3 Alcohol-related Disorder 73
4.4 Drags 79
4.5 Nuisance Neighbours 81
4.6 Racially Aggravated Behaviour 86
4.7 Crime within Communities 89
4.8 Sources of Criminal Statistics 90
4.9 Why People Don't Report Crime and Disorder 93
4.10 Fear of Crime 95
4.11 Summing Up 96
5 Theory into Practice 99
5.1 Introduction 100
5.2 What is Meant by Crime and Disorder Reduction? 100
5.3 Three Levels of Intervention 101
5.4 Types of Crime Prevention Measures 102
5.5 Displacement or Diffusion? 119
5.6 Repeat Victims of Crime 122
5.7 Crime Prevention through the Media 123
5.8 Summing Up 125
6 Policing Partnerships 1: Styles of Policing 131
6.1 Introduction 132
6.2 Community-oriented Policing 132
6.3 Zero Tolerance Policing 136
6.4 Problem-oriented Policing 141
6.5 Policing Signal Crimes 151
6.6 Neighbourhood or Local Policing 153
6.7 Summing Up 154
7 Policing Partnerships 2: New Directions 157
7.1 Introduction 158
7.2 The Police Reform Act 2002 158
7.3 The Big Society 160
7.4 Volunteers 162
7.5 Neighbourhood or Local Policing Teams 164
7.6 The Extended Policing Family 168
7.7 The National Intelligence Model 171
7.8 Summing Up 174
8 Crime and Disorder Reduction Performance 177
8.1 Introduction 178
8.2 Responsible Authorities 178
8.3 Cooperating Bodies 179
8.4 Invitees to Participate 180
8.5 Strategic Intelligence Assessments 182
8.6 The Strategy Document 182
8.7 Target-setting 185
8.8 Evaluation and Monitoring 186
8.9 Glossary of Terms 192
8.10 Summing Up 194
9 Information and Consultation 197
9.1 Introduction 198
9.2 Section 17 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 198
9.3 Section 115 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 201
9.4 Consultation 203
9.5 Hard-to-reach Groups 204
9.6 Methods of Consultation 207
9.7 Designing a Survey Questionnaire 213
9.8 Sampling for Surveys 217
9.9 Summing Up 222
10 Primary Legislation and Quality of Life Issues 225
10.1 Introduction 226
10.2 Important Legislation 226
10.3 Quality of Life Issues 232
10.4 Summing Up 245
Appendix
Typical Questionnaire Used in a Local Crime and Disorder Survey 247
References 250
Index 259
