Table of Contents
Acknowledgements xi
Special Acknowledgements xiii
Disclaimer xiv
Introduction 1
Chapter One: Anatomy of the Spine 5
Facet Joints 16
Orientation of the Spine 17
Paraspinal Muscles 22
Chapter Two: Conditions of the Spine 27
Disc Disease 33
More About Facet Joints 45
Spinal Stenosis 48
Sacroiliac Joint Pain 50
Chapter Three: Nonoperative Treatments
for Neck and Back Pain 53
PART I: MANIPULATIVE TREATMENTS 53
Chiropractic Care 57
Physical Therapy 65
PART II: THERAPEUTIC PAIN PROCEDURES 66
Nonoperative Procedures for Neck and Lower Back Pain 73
Medications 74
Nonsurgical Procedures 76
Procedures That Do Not Involve Steroid Injections 86
Botox Injections 86
Radiofrequency Ablation 87
Pain Pump 88
Spinal Cord Stimulation 89
Analysis and Summary 90
Chapter Four: Surgical Intervention 93
Scoliosis 99
Radicular and Axial Pain 100
Laminectomy 101
Fusion 108
Posterior Fusion 112
Anterior Fusion 113
Risks and Benefits 115
Shotgun Surgery - Very Important - Must Read 119
Disc Arthroplasty 126
Chapter Five: The Evidence Against Pedicle Screws 131
Selection of Papers 135
The Zdeblick Study 136
The Opposing Research 143
The Problem for Spine Surgery 146
Chapter Six: My Journey 149
Early Life 150
Medical School in Ankara, Turkey 156
Moving to America 158
Medical School at New York Medical College 162
Starting My Practice 164
The Comment That Changed My Life 166
Innovating to Solve Problems 170
Chapter Seven: How Spine Surgery Went Off Track 179
A Brief History of Spine Surgery-Or How We Got Here 183
A Dead End 191
Time to Own Our Mistakes 193
A Dental Analogy 198
Spine Surgery Is a Special Case 199
Training 200
Imperfection Is Progress; Instrument Companies Need to Come Clean 202
Dream Big 207
Chapter Eight: The Future of Spine Surgery 209
Spine Biomechanics 211
The Biomechanics of Intervertebral Graft 216
A Better Device to Immobilize Spinal Vertebra Efficiently 220
The Wolverine Phenomenon 224
Reception Among Surgeons 226
Sources Cited 233
Index 237