Contraceptive Technology / Edition 20

by Robert A. Hatcher

Overview

Reference for health care professionals and providers of family planning information and services. Previous edition: c1994. Includes special sections on emergency contraception and STI (sexually transmitted infection) treatment.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781597080040
Publisher:	Ardent Media, Incorporated
Publication date:	06/28/2012
Edition description:	E-Book Bundle with CD, PB
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 8.90(h) x 2.00(d)

Read an Excerpt

Chapter 1: Expanding Perspectives Renrnductive Health

In recent years, reproductive health care in the United States, in parallel with other medical disciplines, has changed to meet the challenges of evolving market forces and broadened consumer expectations. As a result, integrated reproductive health care has expanded in concept. In many cases, shifting management and insurance schemes have placed reproductive health within the domain of primary care. For an increasing number of women, the clinician who provided only family planning now often serves as their health care provider for all primary care. For others, their primary care provider now delivers the family planning services they may previously have received elsewhere.

A broader scope of "family planning" services includes not only fertility but also infertility, not only sexually transmitted infections (STIs) but also reproductive tract infections (RTIs) overall, not only menstruation and fertilization but also the preconceptual and interconceptual periods and menopause, and finally, not only reproductive tract problems but the wide range of risk factors that influence a woman's health in general. As reproductive health care expands in scope, however, two goals are paramount. First, the planning, or preventive focus, of family planning must remain a central activity. Second, reproductive health must be recognized for its broader public health impact.

Preventive Health Services

Family planning has always rested on the notion of thoughtful prevention rather than emphasizing the curative orientation practiced in many other medical arenas. This notion of prevention must carry through the entire practice of reproductive health, from providing contraceptives and reducing exposure to STIs to improving a woman's general health so she can conceive and deliver a healthy infant and to minimizing her risk factors for the diseases and injuries that curtail her life or quality of life.

By knowing which conditions commonly afflict your patient's population group, you can make more efficient use of resources and better assess your patient's risk factors. For example, the most common causes of mortality among women in various age groups provide a starting point (Table 1-1). Simply by screening for the risk factors associated with these problems and counseling about prevention, you can provide a high level of care for a substantial proportion of the patient population. In addition, by knowing what other conditions are uncommon or exceedingly rare, you can limit excessive workups and better identify those cases that truly merit extensive and expensive approaches. Health care provision should be based on more than "Can the patient (or the third-party payor) pay for this?"

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has designed a recommended schedule of periodic health examinations that cover both general and reproductive health care (Table 1-2). The recommended services reflect only those areas reviewed by the Task Force or those interventions that have documented evidence of value .z3 While many approaches to periodic health screening have been proposed, the Task Force recommendations are considered the blueprint for screening guidelines. These guidelines were developed using an evidence-based methodology. Above all, the Task Force emphasizes that the most cost-effective approach to health is through primary prevention, and primary prevention is most likely met through focused risk assessment and counseling rather than through periodic "one-size-fits-all" laboratory testing and physical examinations. When and how often the preventive services are performed (or other services added) must be based on an individual patient's medical history, physical findings, and risk factors...

Table of Contents

2: Sexuality and Reproductive Health ..... 13

3: Female Genital Tract Screening ..... 43

4: The Menstrual Cycle ..... 69

5: Menopause ..... 77

6: Menstrual Problems and Common Gynecologic Concerns ..... 95

7: HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health ..... 141

8: Reproductive Tract Infections ..... 179

9: The Essentials of Contraception ..... 211

10: Education and Counseling ..... 249

11: Selected Reproductive Health Resources ..... 263

12: Emergency Contraception ..... 277

13: Abstinence and the Range of

14: Coitus Interruptus (Withdrawal) ..... 303

15: Fertility Awareness Methods ..... 309

16: Male Condoms ..... 325

17: Vaginal Spermicides ..... 357

18: Vaginal Barriers ..... 371

19: The Pill: Combined Oral Contraceptives ..... 405

20: Depo-Provera, Norplant, and

21: Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) ..... 511

22: Female and Male Sterilization ..... 545

23: Postpartum Contraception and Lactation ..... 589

24: Future Methods ..... 615

25: Preconception Care ..... 623

26: Pregnancy Testing and Management of

27: Impaired Fertility ..... 653

28: Abortion ..... 679

29: Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Pregnancy, and Childbearing ..... 701

30: Dynamics of Reproductive Behavior and

31: Contraceptive Efficacy ..... 779

Index ..... 845

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Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Katherine J Hladky, MD (Washington University School of Medicine)
Description: This is a comprehensive review of contraceptive methods currently available in the United States.
Purpose: The authors' challenge is to help readers provide patients with effective contraception and guidance on how to use these methods correctly and consistently, a worthwhile goal given the continued high rate of unintended pregnancy. This is a much needed, concise, and expert book on contraception.
Audience: Although the authors do not specifically state a target audience, this book is written for healthcare providers and is appropriate for all audiences in healthcare (from students to long-time practitioners). The authors are leaders in the field of family planning.
Features: Chapters cover each of the major methods of contraception, as well as topics impacting or affected by contraception. Given the common format used in each chapter, it is easy for readers to locate desired information quickly.
Assessment: This is a valuable tool in the field of family planning. This edition incorporates new findings and recommendations since the previous edition was published in 2004.

Doody's Review Service