Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives
Tens of thousands of epitaphs, or funerary biographies, survive from imperial China. Engraved on stone and placed in a grave, they typically focus on the deceased’s biography and exemplary words and deeds, expressing the survivors’ longing for the dead. These epitaphs provide glimpses of the lives of women, men who did not leave a mark politically, and children—people who are not well documented in more conventional sources such as dynastic histories and local gazetteers.

This anthology of translations makes available funerary biographies covering nearly two thousand years, from the Han dynasty through the nineteenth century, selected for their value as teaching material for courses in Chinese history, literature, and women’s studies as well as world history. Because they include revealing details about personal conduct, families, local conditions, and social, cultural, and religious practices, these epitaphs illustrate ways of thinking and the realities of daily life. Most can be read and analyzed on multiple levels, and they stimulate investigation of topics such as the emotional tenor of family relations, rituals associated with death, Confucian values, women’s lives as written about by men, and the use of sources assumed to be biased. These biographies will be especially effective when combined with more readily available primary sources such as official documents, religious and intellectual discourses, and anecdotal stories, promising to generate provocative discussion of literary genre, the ways historians use sources, and how writers shape their accounts.

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Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives
Tens of thousands of epitaphs, or funerary biographies, survive from imperial China. Engraved on stone and placed in a grave, they typically focus on the deceased’s biography and exemplary words and deeds, expressing the survivors’ longing for the dead. These epitaphs provide glimpses of the lives of women, men who did not leave a mark politically, and children—people who are not well documented in more conventional sources such as dynastic histories and local gazetteers.

This anthology of translations makes available funerary biographies covering nearly two thousand years, from the Han dynasty through the nineteenth century, selected for their value as teaching material for courses in Chinese history, literature, and women’s studies as well as world history. Because they include revealing details about personal conduct, families, local conditions, and social, cultural, and religious practices, these epitaphs illustrate ways of thinking and the realities of daily life. Most can be read and analyzed on multiple levels, and they stimulate investigation of topics such as the emotional tenor of family relations, rituals associated with death, Confucian values, women’s lives as written about by men, and the use of sources assumed to be biased. These biographies will be especially effective when combined with more readily available primary sources such as official documents, religious and intellectual discourses, and anecdotal stories, promising to generate provocative discussion of literary genre, the ways historians use sources, and how writers shape their accounts.

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Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives

Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives

Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives

Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives

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Overview

Tens of thousands of epitaphs, or funerary biographies, survive from imperial China. Engraved on stone and placed in a grave, they typically focus on the deceased’s biography and exemplary words and deeds, expressing the survivors’ longing for the dead. These epitaphs provide glimpses of the lives of women, men who did not leave a mark politically, and children—people who are not well documented in more conventional sources such as dynastic histories and local gazetteers.

This anthology of translations makes available funerary biographies covering nearly two thousand years, from the Han dynasty through the nineteenth century, selected for their value as teaching material for courses in Chinese history, literature, and women’s studies as well as world history. Because they include revealing details about personal conduct, families, local conditions, and social, cultural, and religious practices, these epitaphs illustrate ways of thinking and the realities of daily life. Most can be read and analyzed on multiple levels, and they stimulate investigation of topics such as the emotional tenor of family relations, rituals associated with death, Confucian values, women’s lives as written about by men, and the use of sources assumed to be biased. These biographies will be especially effective when combined with more readily available primary sources such as official documents, religious and intellectual discourses, and anecdotal stories, promising to generate provocative discussion of literary genre, the ways historians use sources, and how writers shape their accounts.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780295746418
Publisher: University of Washington Press
Publication date: 12/13/2019
Pages: 304
Sales rank: 901,351
Product dimensions: 6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.79(d)
Age Range: 18 Years

About the Author

Patricia Ebrey is Williams Family Endowed Professor of History at the University of Washington. Ping Yao is professor of history at California State University, Los Angeles. Cong Ellen Zhang is associate professor of history at the University of Virginia. The other translators are Beverly Bossler, Timothy Davis, Alexei Kamran Ditter, Yongtao Du, Grace Fong, R. Kent Guy, Mark Halperin, Xing Hang, Martin W. Huang, Tomoyasu Iiyama, Jen-der Lee, Weijing Lu, Lance Pursey, Anna Shields, Man Xu, and Jolan Yi.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments ix

Translation Conventions xi

Chronology of Imperial China with Subjects of Epitaphs xiii

Introduction 3

1 Three Short Eastern Han Funerary Biographies

Epitaphs for Ma Jiang (34-106), Wu Zhongshan (ca. 92-172), and Kong Dan (fl. 182)

Translated By Ping Yao And Patricia Buckley Ebrey 23

2 A Chinese General Serving the Northern Wei State

Entombed Epitaph for the Late Wei Dynasty Overseer of Military Affairs, Sima Yue (462-508) Timothy Davis 30

3 A Twice-Widowed Xianbei Princess

Epitaph with Preface for the Great Enlightenment Temple Nun Surnamed Yuan (Yuan Chuntuo, 475-529) Jen-Der Lee 39

4 Authoring One's Own Epitaph

Self-Authored Epitaph, by Wang Ji (590?-644)

Inscription Dictated While Near Death, by Wang Xuanzong (633-686) Alexei Kamran Ditter 47

5 Wives Commemorating Their Husbands

Epitaph for Cao Yin (fl. 7th century), by Madam Zhou (fl. 7th century)

Epitaph for He Jian (686-742.), by Madam Xin (fl. 742) Ping Yao 59

6 A Married Daughter and a Grandson

Entombed Funerary Inscription for My Daughter the Late Madam Dugu (785-815) and Entombed Record for My Grandson Who Died Young (Quart Shunsun, 803-815), by Quan Deyu (759-818) Anna M. Shields 66

7 A Nun Who Lived through the Huichang Persecution of Buddhism

Epitaph for Daoist Nun Zhi (Zhi Zhijian, 812-861), by Zhi Mo (fl. 860) Ping Yao 75

8 An Envoy Serving the Kitan Liao Son of Heaven

Epitaph for Han Chun (d. 1036), Court Ceremonial Commissioner, by Li Wan (fl. 1012-1037) Lance Pursey 83

9 Epitaphs Made Widely Available

Funerary Biographies for Three Men from Luzhou: Liang Jian (d. 1041), Wang Cheng (d. 1042), and Chen Hou (1074-1123) Man Xv 101

10 A Friend and Political Ally

Funerary Inscription for Mr. Culai (Shi Jie, 1005-1045), by Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072) Cong Ellen Zhang 111

11 Preserving a Father's Memory

Funerary Inscription for Chao Juncheng (1029-1075), by Huang Tingjian (1045-1105) Cong Ellen Zhang 122

12 A Gentleman without Office

Epitaph for Scholar Residing at Home Wei Xiongfei (1130-1207), by Wei Liaoweng (1178-1237) Mark Halperin 130

13 Wives and In-Laws

Funerary Inscription for [My Father-in-Law] Mr. Zou of Fengcheng (Zou Yilong, 1204-1255) and Funerary Inscription for [My Wife] Madam Plum Mansion (Zou Miaozhuang, 1230-1257), by Yao Mian (1216-1262) Beverly Bossler 138

14 A Clerk Promoted to Official under the Mongols

Funerary Inscription for Mr. Su (Su Zhidao, 1261-1320), Director of the Left and Right Offices of the Branch Secretariat for the Lingbei Region, by Yu Ji (1271-1348) Patricia Buckley Ebrey 158

15 A Mongol Rising to the Defense of the Realm

Epitaph for Grand Guardian Sayin Cidaqu (1317-1365), by Zhang Zhu (1287-1368) Tomoyasu Iiyama 172

16 A Merchant Aspiring to Gentlemanly Virtue

Funerary Biography of the Gentleman Residing at Home Cheng Weiqing (1531-1588), by Wang Shizhen (1526-1590) Yongtao Du 182

17 A Ming General Turned Warlord

Funerary Inscription for Military Officer Mao (Mao Wenlong, 1579-1629), by Mao Qiling (1623-1716) Xing Hang 190

18 A Brother Remembers His Sister

Epitaph for My Sister Madam Fang (Qian Huan, 1600-1668), by Qian Chengzhi (1612-1698) Martin W. Huang 212

19 A Chinese Bannerman Expert in Waterworks

Epitaph for Director General of River Conservancy Jin Wenxiang (Jin Fu, 1633-1692), by Wang Shizhen (1634-1711) R. Kent Guy 222

20 A Woman Determined to Die

Epitaph for the Joint Burial of Scholar Wu (Wu Xi, 1666-1687) and His Martyred Wife, Madam Dai (1666-1687), by Mao Qiling (1623-1716) Jolan Yi 241

21 A Wife's Sacrifices

Living Funerary Inscription for My Wife, Madam Sun (1769-1833), Fang Dongshu (1772-1851)cWeijing Lu 250

22 A Wife's Moving Tribute

Epitaph for Mr. Zeng (Zeng Yong, 1813-1862) Zuo Xijia (1831-1896) Grace S. Fong 259

Teaching Guide 269

Contributors 276

Index 281

What People are Saying About This

Peter Bol

"What an extraordinary collection of biographies! I can think of no better introduction to the Chinese way of commemorating the individual."

Miranda Brown

"Chinese Funerary Biographies: An Anthology of Remembered Lives is an essential addition to any scholar's library. The translations and introductions are lucid and approachable. They provide invaluable insight into family life between the Han and the end of the Qing. As such, the volume will open up new avenues of research and animate undergraduate teaching. A monumental achievement."

Ann Waltner

An excellent compendium of funerary essays, a rich array depicting the private lives of a variety of people--honored and humble, male and female--throughout Chinese history, with insightful introductory matter providing a useful resource for both teaching and scholarship.

Ann B. Waltner

"An excellent compendium of funerary essays depicting the private lives of ordinary and extraordinary people throughout Chinese history, with insightful introductory matter."

Ronald Egan

"The first collection of its kind in English, this anthology is a window onto lives in imperial China and the rich tradition of commemorating them in funerary biographies. These are private rather than official biographies, spread across eighteen centuries, and are all the more revealing for mostly having been written by close friends or relatives of the deceased. Of special interest are the wide range of social class and type of persons commemorated in this selection and the prominence given to women (both as biography subject and epitaph author). This volume brings forgotten lives vividly back to life, just as the epitaph writers intended to do centuries ago, but presented now in an admirably accessible way to a readership those writers never imagined."

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