Chemical Induction of Cancer: Modulation and Combination Effects an Inventory of the Many Factors which Influence Carcinogenesis / Edition 1

by Joseph C. Arcos, Mary F. Argus, Yin-tak Woo

Overview

In the approach to the analysis of disease, including, of course, cancer, two major thrusts may be distinguished. These may be referred to, in shorthand, as agents and processes: the causative agents (chemical, microbial, physical, environmental, and psychosocial) and the organismic processes, initiated and furthered by the agents, culminating in observable pathology (at the macromolecular, cytological, histological, organ function, locomotor, and behavioral levels). The past 25 years, since the appearance of the first volume of the predecessor series (1) authored by the Editors of this present volume, have seen an impressive number of studies on chemicals (and other agents) as etiologic factors in the induction of cancer. The major emphasis has been on the discovery of many chemical carcinogens of widely different structures, their metabolism by various tissues and cells, and, in turn, their molecular-biochemical effects on the cells. This rapidly expanded body of information, as effectively covered in the predecessor volumes, is an excellent entree to the second half of the overall problem of chemical carcinogenesis, the processes. The active agents trigger a large array of molecular-biochemical alterations to which the target cells, target tissues, and target organisms respond in many select and common ways. This second major aspect of the induction of cancer by chemicals (and by other agents)- the sequence of cellular and tissue changes clearly relevant to cancer-remains the challenge for the future.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780817637668
Publisher:	Birkhäuser Boston
Publication date:	02/29/1996
Edition description:	1995
Pages:	712
Product dimensions:	7.01(w) x 10.00(h) x 0.28(d)

About the Author

Arcos, Joseph C. (Tulane Univ); Argus, Mary F. (Tulane Univ); Woo, Yin-tak (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)

The contributors represent the specialties of pediatrics and human development, cancer research, medicine, pharmacology, pathology, biochemistry, toxicology, and virology. Most are from academic medical centers and institutions in the U.S., with some from Germany, Canada, and Austria. Institutions prominently represented include the U.S. EPA, German Cancer Research Institute, Michigan State, National Cancer Institute, Burroughs Wellcome Co, and American Health Foundation.

Table of Contents

Prefatory Chapter Multifactor Interaction Network of Carcinogenesis— A “Tour Guide”.- I. Introduction. The Interaction Network as a Graph.- II. Review of Elements of the Network-An Analysis of Their Interrelationships.- III. Closing Note.- References.- 1 Cross-Reactions between Carcinogens. Modification of Chemical Carcinogenesis by Noncarcinogenic Agents.- 2 Synergism and Antagonism between Chemical Carcinogens.- 3 Synergism in Carcinogenesis: Mathematical Approaches to Its Evaluation.- 4 Inhibition of Chemical Carcinogenesis.- 5 Promotion and Cocarcinogenesis.- Section I Tumor Promotion in Skin.- Section II Tumor Promotion in Liver.- Section IIIA Note on Multistage Carcinogenesis in Other Organs and In Vitro.- Section IIIB Note on Tumor Promoters, Cocarcinogens, and Nongenotoxic Carcinogens.- 6 Computerized Data Management as a Tool to Study Combination Effects in Carcinogenesis.- 7 Intercellular Communication: A Paradigm for the Interpretation of the Initiation/Promotion/Progression Model of Carcinogenesis.- Appendix to Part 1 Chemical Cancerogenesis: Definitions of Frequently Used Terms.- 2 Exogenous Factors and Endogenous Biological Parameters That Modulate Chemical Carcinogenesis.- 8 Immunotoxicology of Chemical Carcinogens.- 9 The Effect of Diet on Tumor Induction.- Section I. Effect of Caloric (Energy) Restriction.- Section II. Modulation by Protein and Individual Amino Acids.- Section III. Modulation by Vitamins.- Section IV. Modulation by Minerals.- Section V. Dietary Fiber and Its Effect on Cancer Incidence.- Editors’ Note I to Chapter 9: Indirect Modification of Chemical Carcinogenesis by Nutritional Factors Through Regulation of the Mixed-Function Oxidase System.- Editors’ Note II to Chapter 9: On Evidence for Preventive Significance of DietarySupplementation.- 10 The Effect of Animal Age on Tumor Induction.- 11 The Effect of Hormones on Tumor Induction.- Section I. Brief Overview of the Endocrine System.- Section II. Hormonal Carcinogenesis.- Section III. Effect of Hormones on Carcinogenesis by Nonhormone Chemical Agents.- Editors’ Note Added in Proof: On the Significance of Environmental Xenoestrogens.- 12 Effect of Genetic Susceptibility on Tumor Induction.- 13 Radiation Injury and Radiation Carcinogenesis with Special Reference to Combination Effects with Chemical Agents.- 14 Mechanisms of Viral Tumorigenesis and the Combination Effects of Viruses and Chemical Carcinogens.- Section I. General Characteristics of Tumor Viruses. Viral and Cellular Oncogenes. Nonviral Oncogene Activators..- Section II. Molecular Biology of Virally-Induced Cell Transformation and Tumorigenesis.- Section III. Viral-Chemical Combination Effects in Tumorigenesis.- Speculative Closing Note.- 15 Effect of Stress on Tumor Induction.- Editors’ Note Added in Proof: Stress Proteins: Heat-Shock Proteins/Molecular Chaperones.- 16 Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer.- Postscriptum: An Editor’s Musings.

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Dennis B. Solt, DMD, PhD (Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine)
Description: This multiauthored book contains an extensive compilation of the chemical agents that lead to cancer formation and the numerous mechanisms whereby carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic chemical agents, dietary factors, the phenomenon of aging, hormones, genetic background, viruses, stress, radiation, and possibly electromagnetic fields may interact, to modulate specific steps during the prolonged carcinogenic process. This book, the seventh in a series by the author published between 1968 and 1988, places special emphasis on agent interactions and biological processes that influence carcinogenesis.
Purpose: The book undertakes the enormous task of summarizing the myriad of exogenous and endogenous factors that contribute to chemical carcinogenesis, their potential mechanisms of interaction, and the specific stages of carcinogenesis where they are likely to exert their modulating effects.
Audience: This book will be valuable for scientists involved in cancer research and scientist of various disciplines who require a better understanding of the causation of cancer. Portions of the book also provide a perspective of cancer causation and mechanisms of carcinogenesis that will be of value for graduate students.
Features: The book is adequately and informatively illustrated. The reference lists of individual chapters and the index are extensive and sufficiently current.
Assessment: To a remarkable degree, this volume is successful in summarizing and presenting the profusion of data relative to the chemical causation of cancer and the established principles and knowledge of mechanisms of carcinogenesis that have accrued during the past 60 years. This book will serve as a valuable reference source for scientists in various disciplines who require a better understanding of the causation and mechanisms of cancer formation. It should be of particular value to experimentalists who are trying to dissect the biology of carcinogenesis and individuals who seek to develop and implement rational approaches of carcinogen risk assessment. Individual chapters also provide a digestible perspective, both historical and current, of the evolution of our knowledge of carcinogenesis that should be valuable for graduate students and other newcomers to the study of cancer induction.

Doody's Review Service

Reviewer: Dennis B. Solt, DMD, PhD(Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine)
Description: This multiauthored book contains an extensive compilation of the chemical agents that lead to cancer formation and the numerous mechanisms whereby carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic chemical agents, dietary factors, the phenomenon of aging, hormones, genetic background, viruses, stress, radiation, and possibly electromagnetic fields may interact, to modulate specific steps during the prolonged carcinogenic process. This book, the seventh in a series by the author published between 1968 and 1988, places special emphasis on agent interactions and biological processes that influence carcinogenesis.
Purpose: The book undertakes the enormous task of summarizing the myriad of exogenous and endogenous factors that contribute to chemical carcinogenesis, their potential mechanisms of interaction, and the specific stages of carcinogenesis where they are likely to exert their modulating effects.
Audience: This book will be valuable for scientists involved in cancer research and scientist of various disciplines who require a better understanding of the causation of cancer. Portions of the book also provide a perspective of cancer causation and mechanisms of carcinogenesis that will be of value for graduate students.
Features: The book is adequately and informatively illustrated. The reference lists of individual chapters and the index are extensive and sufficiently current.
Assessment: To a remarkable degree, this volume is successful in summarizing and presenting the profusion of data relative to the chemical causation of cancer and the established principles and knowledge of mechanisms of carcinogenesis that have accrued during the past 60 years. This book will serve as a valuable reference source for scientists in various disciplines who require a better understanding of the causation and mechanisms of cancer formation. It should be of particular value to experimentalists who are trying to dissect the biology of carcinogenesis and individuals who seek to develop and implement rational approaches of carcinogen risk assessment. Individual chapters also provide a digestible perspective, both historical and current, of the evolution of our knowledge of carcinogenesis that should be valuable for graduate students and other newcomers to the study of cancer induction.

This multiauthored book contains an extensive compilation of the chemical agents that lead to cancer formation and the numerous mechanisms whereby carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic chemical agents, dietary factors, the phenomenon of aging, hormones, genetic background, viruses, stress, radiation, and possibly electromagnetic fields may interact, to modulate specific steps during the prolonged carcinogenic process. This book, the seventh in a series by the author published between 1968 and 1988, places special emphasis on agent interactions and biological processes that influence carcinogenesis. The book undertakes the enormous task of summarizing the myriad of exogenous and endogenous factors that contribute to chemical carcinogenesis, their potential mechanisms of interaction, and the specific stages of carcinogenesis where they are likely to exert their modulating effects. This book will be valuable for scientists involved in cancer research and scientist of various disciplines who require a better understanding of the causation of cancer. Portions of the book also provide a perspective of cancer causation and mechanisms of carcinogenesis that will be of value for graduate students. The book is adequately and informatively illustrated. The reference lists of individual chapters and the index are extensive and sufficiently current. To a remarkable degree, this volume is successful in summarizing and presenting the profusion of data relative to the chemical causation of cancer and the established principles and knowledge of mechanisms of carcinogenesis that have accrued during the past 60 years. This book will serve as a valuable reference source for scientists in various disciplineswho require a better understanding of the causation and mechanisms of cancer formation. It should be of particular value to experimentalists who are trying to dissect the biology of carcinogenesis and individuals who seek to develop and implement rational approaches of carcinogen risk assessment. Individual chapters also provide a digestible perspective, both historical and current, of the evolution of our knowledge of carcinogenesis that should be valuable for graduate students and other newcomers to the study of cancer induction.

Dennis B. Solt