Brussels: A Cultural History
Starting out as a few huts in a forbidding swamp, Brussels took more than a thousand years to become the capital of the Duchy of Brabant, of Burgundy, and from 1830 the capital city of the new kingdom of Belgium. Today its name popularly evokes Eurocrat megalomania and miniature cabbages, its image that of a beer-drinker’s dream, a paradise of chocolates and French fries. Yet Brussels, for all its reputation for bureaucracy and extravagance, is a city that has always been open to outsiders, to invaders and immigrants, always preserving its humanity. Architecturally rich and culturally sophisticated, this European capital defies its stereotypes. André de Vries explores a city and country in perpetual search of an identity, still showing the scars of the Counter-Reformation, peopled by the “Spaniards of the North.” He discovers a capital on the fault-line between Latin and Germanic cultures, with its improbable hybrid languages. A place ruled by the spirit of zwanze “self-mockery and derision,” a city so down-to-earth they had to invent surrealism. * THE CITY OF ARCHITECTURE: the home of Horta and Art Nouveau; the Grand-Place and the Atomium; the palaces of the European Commission; corrupt town planners and the joy of destruction. * THE CITY OF EXILES AND VISITORS: Erasmus, Marx, Proudhon, Victor Hugo, and Balzac; adventurers and soldiers; Byron, Wellington, Victor Serge, and Alexandra David-Neel. * THE CITY OF LITERATURE, ART, AND MUSIC: Charlotte Bronti, W.H. Auden, dos Passos and Huysmans; cartoon heroes Tintin and the Smurfs; the artists Van der Weyden, Brueghel, Ensor, and Magritte; excess and energy; Jacques Brel, Johnny Hallyday, and Toots Thielemans.
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Brussels: A Cultural History
Starting out as a few huts in a forbidding swamp, Brussels took more than a thousand years to become the capital of the Duchy of Brabant, of Burgundy, and from 1830 the capital city of the new kingdom of Belgium. Today its name popularly evokes Eurocrat megalomania and miniature cabbages, its image that of a beer-drinker’s dream, a paradise of chocolates and French fries. Yet Brussels, for all its reputation for bureaucracy and extravagance, is a city that has always been open to outsiders, to invaders and immigrants, always preserving its humanity. Architecturally rich and culturally sophisticated, this European capital defies its stereotypes. André de Vries explores a city and country in perpetual search of an identity, still showing the scars of the Counter-Reformation, peopled by the “Spaniards of the North.” He discovers a capital on the fault-line between Latin and Germanic cultures, with its improbable hybrid languages. A place ruled by the spirit of zwanze “self-mockery and derision,” a city so down-to-earth they had to invent surrealism. * THE CITY OF ARCHITECTURE: the home of Horta and Art Nouveau; the Grand-Place and the Atomium; the palaces of the European Commission; corrupt town planners and the joy of destruction. * THE CITY OF EXILES AND VISITORS: Erasmus, Marx, Proudhon, Victor Hugo, and Balzac; adventurers and soldiers; Byron, Wellington, Victor Serge, and Alexandra David-Neel. * THE CITY OF LITERATURE, ART, AND MUSIC: Charlotte Bronti, W.H. Auden, dos Passos and Huysmans; cartoon heroes Tintin and the Smurfs; the artists Van der Weyden, Brueghel, Ensor, and Magritte; excess and energy; Jacques Brel, Johnny Hallyday, and Toots Thielemans.
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Brussels: A Cultural History

Brussels: A Cultural History

by Andr de Vries
Brussels: A Cultural History

Brussels: A Cultural History

by Andr de Vries

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Overview

Starting out as a few huts in a forbidding swamp, Brussels took more than a thousand years to become the capital of the Duchy of Brabant, of Burgundy, and from 1830 the capital city of the new kingdom of Belgium. Today its name popularly evokes Eurocrat megalomania and miniature cabbages, its image that of a beer-drinker’s dream, a paradise of chocolates and French fries. Yet Brussels, for all its reputation for bureaucracy and extravagance, is a city that has always been open to outsiders, to invaders and immigrants, always preserving its humanity. Architecturally rich and culturally sophisticated, this European capital defies its stereotypes. André de Vries explores a city and country in perpetual search of an identity, still showing the scars of the Counter-Reformation, peopled by the “Spaniards of the North.” He discovers a capital on the fault-line between Latin and Germanic cultures, with its improbable hybrid languages. A place ruled by the spirit of zwanze “self-mockery and derision,” a city so down-to-earth they had to invent surrealism. * THE CITY OF ARCHITECTURE: the home of Horta and Art Nouveau; the Grand-Place and the Atomium; the palaces of the European Commission; corrupt town planners and the joy of destruction. * THE CITY OF EXILES AND VISITORS: Erasmus, Marx, Proudhon, Victor Hugo, and Balzac; adventurers and soldiers; Byron, Wellington, Victor Serge, and Alexandra David-Neel. * THE CITY OF LITERATURE, ART, AND MUSIC: Charlotte Bronti, W.H. Auden, dos Passos and Huysmans; cartoon heroes Tintin and the Smurfs; the artists Van der Weyden, Brueghel, Ensor, and Magritte; excess and energy; Jacques Brel, Johnny Hallyday, and Toots Thielemans.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781566564724
Publisher: Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated
Publication date: 08/28/2003
Series: Interlink Cultural Histories
Pages: 256
Product dimensions: 5.25(w) x 8.00(h) x (d)

About the Author

André de Vries is a linguist, teacher, and writer, with interests in Asian languages and the dialects of his native country, Belgium.

Table of Contents

Forewordix
Acknowledgmentsxiii
Introduction
Beyond Stereotypes1
Brussels Identity5
A History of Occupations9
The Changing Shape of the City13
Administrative Structure15
Chapter 1Ile St. Gery: A Swamp and an Invisible River
A House in a Marsh20
Rue de Laeken and the Beguines22
Chess and Haute Couture23
The River Senne24
Chapter 2The Grand-Place: The Rise of Brussels
The First Brussels Market30
Hotel de Ville32
Around the Grand-Place34
Emblems and Statues38
The Sacred Isle and Victor Hugo40
Rue de la Tete d'Or et Rue Chair-et-Pain42
Restaurant Culture43
Rue des Bouchers46
Theatre Toone: Wooden People with Souls48
Chapter 3The Manneken Pis: Brussels' Oldest Citizen
Medieval Class Struggle50
The Palladium of Brussels51
Verlaine and Mes Prisons54
Karl Marx in Jail55
Rue du Lombard56
Rue de la Violette: Lace Making57
Place Vieille Halle aux Bles and the Fondation Jacques Brel58
Rue des Bogards63
Rue des Pierres63
Van Helmont: Philosophus per Ignem64
Chapter 44. Cathedrale St. Gudule: Saints, Sinners, and Cartoon Heroes
The Miracle of the Rue des Sols: An Anti-Semitic Legend69
Rue St. Laurent: Red Light Zone70
Rue des Sables: The Comic Strip Museum74
Herge and Tintin76
Chapter 5City of Palaces: Royal Brussels
Life at the Palace80
The Burgundians82
The Habsburgs84
The Coudenberg85
The End of the Coudenberg88
Palais Royal89
Parc de Bruxelles90
Rue Royale90
Rue Isabelle: Charlotte Bronte and the Professor91
Notre-Dame-aux-Neiges and Victor Hugo94
Mont des Arts and the Universite Libre de Bruxelles97
Chapter 6The South: Mystics and Heretics
John of Ruysbroeck and Groenendael100
Erasmus and the Reformation102
The Inquisition107
Anderlecht: Martyrdom of a Supporter108
The Southern Communes: Uccle110
Foret de Soignes112
Watermael-Boitsfort114
La Hulpe114
Auderghem and Hugo van der Goes115
Woluwe116
Woluwe St. Pierre and Eddy Merckx117
The Chocolate Tram and the Vicinal118
Chapter 7Art for Sale: Brueghel, Surrealism, and High Culture
Louis XIV: Brussels Bombarded121
The Brueghel Factory122
Musee des Beaux Arts123
Dada and Surrealism124
Marcel Broodthaers127
COBRA and the Rue de la Paille128
Sablon130
Notre Dame des Victoires130
Palais des Beaux Arts133
Musee du Cinema de Bruxelles136
Chapter 8The Road to Waterloo
French Occupation139
Napoleon and the Palais de Laeken140
Waterloo: A Near Thing142
A Last Dance144
Battlefield Tourists146
Byron in Brussels150
James Joyce151
Chapter 9Theatre de la Monnaie: Birthplace of the Nation
The 1830 Revolution154
La Malibran156
The Monnaie in Modern Times157
Cafe Culture158
Literary Cafes160
Galeries St.-Hubert: Shopping Innovation162
La Mort Subite: Brussels and Beer164
Baudelaire and the Rue de la Montagne168
Chapter 10Vilvoorde and Molenbeek: The Industrial Revolution
The Canal de Willebroeck and the Port of Brussels172
Brussels Changes Languages175
The Canals and L'Allee Verte180
Vilvoorde and William Tyndale182
Molenbeek and Industrial Archaeology183
The Bassins and Place St. Catherine184
Industrialization in Art and Literature187
Chapter 11The Marolles: Working-Class Brussels
Rue Haute: High and Low Life192
Vesalius and the Rue des Minimes194
Rue des Brigittines and Georges Eekhoud196
Place du Jeu de Balle and the Old Market198
The Palais de Justice200
Brussels Dialects202
Rue Blaes and Rue des Tanneurs206
Plague and Medicine208
Chapter 12An Empire of One's Own: Victor Horta and Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau in the City212
Architectural Conservation214
Leopold II: Lust for Empire215
The Curse of the Rubber King218
Avenue Louise and the Bois de la Cambre221
Three Brussels Poets222
Chapter 13Capital of Europe
Two German Occupations226
The Atomium and the Heysel229
The European Community230
VDB and CDP: the "Crocodile"234
Antoine Wiertz: Euromegalomaniac236
Chapter 14A New Kind of Visitor: Immigrant Brussels
Alexandra David-Neel242
Migrants and Literature242
Jewish Life in Brussels244
Gare du Midi245
Gare du Nord246
The Monarch in Question248
The Future of Brussels248
Further Reading251
Index of Literary & Historical Names256
Index of Places & Landmarks261
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