Table of Contents
Series Foreword James A. Banks ix
Foreword Pedro A. Noguera xv
Acknowledgments xix
Introduction 1
1 Black Male Students: An Overview 9
The Landscape of Black Males in U.S. Schools 11
"How Does If Feel to Be a Problem?" 12
Current State of Affairs for Black Males 13
Paradigm Shift 18
Literature on Black Males: Explanations for the Current Condition 21
School and Classroom Factors 24
2 Black Males: An Historical Overview and a Need for a Paradigm Shift 29
Five Ways of Defining a Black Male 30
Black Males and Public Perception 37
Black Male Intersectionality: Redefining an Identity 38
Double-Consciousness and Intersectionality 41
Structural Intersectionality 44
3 Who Really Cares? The Disenfranchisement of African American Males in Pre-K-12 Schools: A Critical Race Theory Perspective 47
The State of African American Males in Pre-K-12 Schools 49
The Need in Research for New Paradigms for African American Males 51
Does Race Still Matter? 51
Critical Race Theory 54
Counterstorytelling as a Methodological Tool to Reconceptualize Research with African American Males 58
Counterstorytelling from African American Males 60
Identifying Racial Micro-aggressions Through Counterstorytelling 63
Critical Race Theory and Its Challenge for African American Males 67
4 Black Males and Sports: Opportunity or Obstruction? 71
Race and Sports: A Complex Relationship 72
Sports: Why the Quest? 74
Black Males and Sports: Past and Present 76
Athlete Seasoning Complex: Detriment to Academic Development? 77
Do High School Sports Benefit All? 83
Implications 85
5 Black Male Perspectives 89
What Can Schools Do to Improve Academic Outcomes for Black Male Students? 93
Black Males Being Misunderstood 101
The Complexity of Black Maleness 104
6 Black Male Success 111
Black Male Success: Why It Matters 112
Race, Gender Identity, and Academic Success 116
Programs Servicing Young Black Males 117
7 The Obama Paradox: Cautions, Concerns, and Considerations for Researchers and Practitioners Working with Black Males 131
A Rationale for Research with Black Males: The Considerations 133
Black Males and a Post-Racial Society? 137
Concluding Thoughts 148
References 151
Index 175
About the Author 188