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Overview
Biogeochemistry of Estuaries offers a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to understanding biogeochemical cycling in estuaries. Designed as a text for intermediate to advanced students, this book utilizes numerous illustrations and an extensive literature base to impart the current state-of-the-art knowledge in this field. While many of the existing books in estuarine science are comprised of edited volumes, typically focused on highly specific topics in estuaries,Biogeochemistry of Estuaries provides, for the first time, a unique foundation in the areas of geomorphology, geochemistry, biochemistry, aqueous chemistry, and ecology, while making strong linkages (trhoughout the text) to ecosystem-based processes in estuarine sciences. Estuaries, located at the interface between land and the coastal ocean are dynamic, highly productive systems that, in many cases, have been historically associated with development of many of the great centers of early human civilization. Consequentially, these systems have and continue to be highly impacted by anthropogenic inputs. This timely book takes the foundational basis of elemental cycling in estuarine and applies it to estuarine management issues. Biogeochemistry of Estuaries will be welcomed by estuarine/marine scientists, ecologists, biogeochemists, and environmentalists around the world.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9780190289645 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
| Publication date: | 09/14/2006 |
| Sold by: | Barnes & Noble |
| Format: | eBook |
| File size: | 40 MB |
| Note: | This product may take a few minutes to download. |
About the Author
Texas A&M University
Table of Contents
Estuarine Science and Biogeochemical Cycles 3
Importance of Estuaries 3
Description of Estuarine Science 3
Human Impact on Estuaries and Management Issues 6
Biogeochemical Cycles in Estuaries 9
Summary 10
Physical Dynamics of Estuaries 11
Origin and Geomorphology 13
Age, Formation, and Classification 13
Distribution and Sedimentary Processes within Estuarine Types 19
Summary 32
Hydrodynamics 34
Hydrologic Cycle 34
General Circulation, Mixing Patterns, and Salt Balance 41
Residence Times 50
Summary 53
Chemistry of Estuarine Waters 55
Physical Properties and Gradients 57
Thermodynamic Equilibrium Models and Kinetics 57
Physical Properties of Water and Solubility of Salts 60
Sources and Mixing of Dissolved Salts in Estuaries 65
Concepts and Measurement of Salinity 72
Reactivity of Dissolved Constituents 74
Ion Activity, Speciation, and Equilibrium Models 75
Effects of Suspended Particulates and Chemical Interactions 80
Summary 81
Dissolved Gases in Water 84
Composition of the Atmosphere 85
Atmosphere-Water Exchange 87
Water-to-Air Fluxes of Carbon Dioxide and Other Dissolved Gases in Estuaries 90
Summary 99
Properties of Estuarine Sediments 101
Sources and Distribution of Sediments 103
Weathering Processes 103
Erosion, Transport, and Sedimentation 106
Estuarine Turbidity Maximum, Benthic Boundary Layer, and Fluid Muds 111
Summary 117
Isotope Geochemistry 119
Basic Principles of Radioactivity 119
Radionuclides in Estuarine Research 122
Stable Isotopes 159
Summary 171
Organic Matter Sources and Transformation 175
Organic Matter Cycling 177
Production of Organic Matter 177
Particulate and Dissolved Organic Matter in Estuaries 181
Decomposition of Organic Detritus 200
Early Diagenesis 204
Animal-Sediment Relations and Organic Matter Cycling 214
Controls on the Preservation of Organic Matter in Estuarine Sediments 217
Summary 221
Characterization of Organic Matter 224
Bulk Organic Matter Techniques 224
Molecular Biomarkers 235
Summary 294
Nutrient and Trace Metal Cycling 297
Nitrogen Cycle 299
Sources of Nitrogen to Estuaries 299
Transformations and Cycling of Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen 311
Sediment-Water Exchange of Dissolved Nitrogen 326
Nitrogen Budgets for Selected Estuaries 336
Summary 343
Phosphorus and Silica Cycles 346
Sources of Phosphorus to Estuaries 346
Phosphorus Fluxes Across the Sediment-Water Interface 351
Cycling of Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus 357
Phosphorus Budgets from Selected Estuaries 362
Sources of Silica to Estuaries 365
Silica Cycling 368
Summary 373
Sulfur Cycle 373
Sources of Sulfur to Estuaries 373
Cycling of Inorganic and Organic Sulfur in Estuarine Sediments 375
Cycling of Inorganic and Organic Sulfur in Estuarine Waters 388
Summary 393
Carbon Cycle 395
The Global Carbon Cycle 395
Transformations and Cycling of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon 396
Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions in Estuaries 402
Transformations and Cycling of Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon 413
The Ecological Transfer of Carbon 422
Carbon Budgets for Selected Estuaries 423
Summary 434
Trace Metal Cycling 436
Sources and Abundance of Trace Metals 436
Background on Metal Ion Chemistry 438
Trace Metal Cycling in the Water Column 444
Trace Metal Cycling and Fluxes in Sediments 456
Summary 461
Anthropogenic Inputs to Estuaries 463
Anthropogenic Stressors in Estuaries 465
Anthropogenic Change in Estuaries 465
Partitioning and Toxicity of Trace Metals 470
Partitioning and Toxicity of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants 472
Nutrient Loading and Eutrophication 481
Historical Reconstruction of Environmental Change 486
Summary 491
Global Impact of Estuaries 493
Estuarine-Coastal Interactions 495
Rivers, Estuaries, and the Coastal Ocean 495
River-Dominated Ocean Margins 498
Groundwater Inputs to the Coastal Ocean 502
Summary 504
Appendices 506
Atomic Weights of Elements 506
SI Units and Conversion Factors 509
Physical and Chemical Constants 511
Geologic Timetable 511
Glossary 512
References 535
Index 689
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